RESUMO
Abstract Within the framework of the study of cultivation, the present research attempts to study the association between general TV consumption, particular TV news, and fear of crime. The analysis considers narrative transportation and system justification as psychological predictor variables; in addition, sex, level of crime in the area of residence, and social class as social covariates. Participants were 516 young (M = 20.5 years, SD = 4.7) Costa Ricans. A hierarchical regression analysis (stepwise) was conducted. Results indicated that people who experienced more narrative transportation, less system justification, women, and low social class, have higher levels of fear of crime. Results are discussed from the need to expand the cultivation hypothesis of fear of crime.
Resumen En el marco de la teoría del cultivo, la presente investigación estudia la asociación entre el consumo general de televisión, noticias televisivas y el miedo al crimen. El análisis considera el transporte narrativo y la justificación del sistema como variables predictoras psicológicas; además, el sexo, el nivel de delincuencia en el área de residencia y la clase social como covariables sociales. Los participantes fueron 516 jóvenes costarricenses (M = 20.5 años, DE = 4.7). Se realizó un análisis de regresión jerárquica (stepwise). Los resultados indican que las personas que experimentaron más transporte narrativo, menos justificación del sistema, las mujeres y la clase social baja tienen mayores niveles de miedo al crimen. Se discuten los resultados a partir de la necesidad de ampliar la hipótesis de cultivo del miedo al crimen.
Assuntos
Notícias , Crime/psicologia , Meios de Comunicação de Massa/classificaçãoRESUMO
El estudio estuvo dirigido a evaluar los conocimientos sobre el plan de protección, seguridad y evacuación en caso de sismos y su influencia en la actuación del personal directivo, administrativo, docente y de mantenimiento en una situación simulada en el CEN "Teresa Gonzáles de Fanning" (Jesús María - Lima). La población total de trabajadores en el turno mañana del nivel secundario fue de 123 y la muestra de estudio según conversión estadística de 100; a quienes se les evaluó por medio de un cuestionario de preguntas cerradas y opción única los aspectos de medios de información, organización, medidas de seguridad y primeros auxilios. Para valorar el nivel de conocimientos se empleó la escala de Staninos agrupada en tres categorías, sobresaliendo el nivel regular y dentro de ello los primeros auxilios con 34 por ciento en el nivel malo. Durante el simulacro se evaluó la actuación del personal contando con el apoyo del Comité de Defensa Civil del Colegio, también se empleó la escala de Staninos teniendo un nivel regular destacando 36 por ciento y 27 por ciento del nivel malo en medidas de seguridad y primeros auxilios respectivamente. El nivel de conocimientos en organización y primeros auxilios muestra una similitud con los resultados del simulacro a diferencia de las medidas de seguridad.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Evacuação Estratégica/normas , Primeiros Socorros , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Meios de Comunicação de Massa/classificação , Estudantes , Estudos Transversais , Epidemiologia DescritivaRESUMO
Examines calypso music focusing on artists from Trinidad and Tobago, Antigua and Barbados. Presents a brief description of the historical and social context of the calypso, analyses the treatment of selected social, political and health themes and discusses changes in the calypso resulting from political and other influences. Contends that the power of the calypsonian to affect public opinion for or against political leaders is such that their lyrics have been debated in parliament or have been quoted by politicians. Warner (1988) describes calypso as being serious criticisms and commentary rather than trivia despite it being a medium of entertainment. Themes that have been addressed include: the celebration of good and bad times, religion, education, unemployment; international issues such as African nationalism, (Warner 1982; Davies, 1985 and Warner 1988); and contemporary issues such as health, family planning, women issues, AIDS, and drug abuse. Calypso artists have had a profound influence on the social and political situation in the English Speaking Caribbean. Despite efforts to silence them they are presently associated with popular music festivals throughout the region and are important contributors to the Gross National Product of their respective countries(AU)
Assuntos
Educação em Saúde , Índias Ocidentais , Meios de Comunicação de Massa/classificaçãoRESUMO
Violence against women in Jamaica is highlighted in the media as a tropical subject, yet one which is under reported and shrouded in secrecy. The commitment by the Government to control the incidence is vested in the law through the Offenses Against the Persons Act which seeks, through the courts, to punish abusers. The establishment of women's organizations and other lobby groups provide psychological and social support for abused women through various fora and creative activities. Violence against women in Jamaica has deep roots in Caribbean cultural history manifested by the gender approach, sterotypes of women, and the attitudes of both the abuser and the abused. Women in many instances perpetuated these trends by demonstrating the female dependency syndrome, lacking the will to succeed, not seizing opportunities for upward mobility and not acquiring skills for their social and economic independence. A minority of Jamaican women have succeeded in transcending traditional barriers, entering male dominated fields, and sustaining successful careers on the social scene. This transition has also increased their vulnerability to abuse despite their social mobility. Abused women are characterized by psychological manifestations of feeling embarrassed, ashamed, fearful of threats by the abuser, and a feeling of being blamed. There may be physical manifestations of injury, depending on the instrument of abuse. Long term effects are manifested in depression, anxiety, disturbed sleep, unhygienic feelings and possibly suicidal attempts (Morrison 1990). This study is aimed at gaining an insight into the problem of violence against women in Jamaica, and the consequences for the health and well being of women. An attempt is made to improve the limited data base as a contribution to the efforts being made to address this problem of a public health significance. The results from the small sample in this study indicated that women most vulnerable to abuse were those who were single, unskilled, and with a low level of education. The incidence of incest and rape were highest among single women, and the unskilled experienced various types of abuses. Factors such as improved education and skills training were considered as positive indicators for empowering woment to become independent, thus decreasing their vulnerability to abuse (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Violência Doméstica/prevenção & controle , Saúde Pública/educação , Saúde Pública/legislação & jurisprudência , Mulheres Maltratadas/educação , Jamaica , Meios de Comunicação de Massa/classificação , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Violência DomésticaRESUMO
Los objetivos del estudio de Evaluación sobre el Grado de Conocimiento, Respuesta e información de la población respecto al bocio, dentro del componente de Comunicación Educativa son los siguientes: Contribuir a consolidar el Programa Nacional de Lucha Contra el Bocio Endémico y de ampliar la cobertura en el consumo de la Sal Yodada, mediante acciones de Comunicación Educativa. Evaluar el grado de Conocimiento, Respuesta e Información de la población frente al problema del Bocio Endémico particularmente en zonas de media - alta prevalencia en el país. Establecer indicadores socio-económicos, socio-culturales y de salud de la población en las zonas de media - alta prevalencia del Bocio Endémico,a fin de incorporarles en los Programas de Lucha Contra el Bocio. Evaluar la utilización y relación de los medios de comunicación masivos e interpersonales, a fin de mejorar las campañas de Comunicación Educativa en cuanto a la naturaleza y caracter de los mensajes. Contribuir a mejorar los contenidos y estrategias de los planes de Comunicación Educativa, de apoyo a la prevención del Bocio Endémico, comprometiendo a la población, particularmente más afectada dentro de un concepto de defensa integral de su salud
Assuntos
Humanos , Bócio Endêmico/prevenção & controle , Conhecimento , Educação , Meios de Comunicação de Massa/classificaçãoRESUMO
El decreto establece que los medios de comunicación deberán transmitir sin costo alguno los mensajes de educación Popular para la salud, con el objetivo de promover hábitos de higiene, sanidad en el medio ambiente y así erredicar los focos de insalubridad y de esta forma proteger la salud de la población