RESUMO
Minimally invasive transcatheter interventional therapy utilizing cardiac occluders represents the primary approach for addressing congenital heart defects and left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombosis. However, incomplete endothelialization and delayed tissue healing after occluder implantation collectively compromise clinical efficacy. In this study, we have customized a recombinant humanized collagen type I (rhCol I) and developed an rhCol I-based extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimetic coating. The innovative coating integrates metal-phenolic networks with anticoagulation and anti-inflammatory functions as a weak cross-linker, combining them with specifically engineered rhCol I that exhibits high cell adhesion activity and elicits a low inflammatory response. The amalgamation, driven by multiple forces, effectively serves to functionalize implantable materials, thereby responding positively to the microenvironment following occluder implantation. Experimental findings substantiate the coating's ability to sustain a prolonged anticoagulant effect, enhance the functionality of endothelial cells and cardiomyocyte, and modulate inflammatory responses by polarizing inflammatory cells into an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Notably, occluder implantation in a canine model confirms that the coating expedites reendothelialization process and promotes tissue healing. Collectively, this tailored ECM-mimetic coating presents a promising surface modification strategy for improving the clinical efficacy of cardiac occluders.
Assuntos
Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis , Matriz Extracelular , Cicatrização , Animais , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Cães , Humanos , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Colágeno Tipo I/metabolismo , Materiais Biomiméticos/química , Materiais Biomiméticos/farmacologia , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana , Reepitelização/efeitos dos fármacos , Adesão Celular/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Recent progress in stem cell therapy has demonstrated the therapeutic potential of intravenous stem cell infusions for treating the life-threatening lung disease of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). However, it is confronted with limitations, such as a lack of control over cellular function and rapid clearance by the host after implantation. In this study, we developed an innovative PF therapy through tracheal administration of microfluidic-templated stem cell-laden microcapsules, which effectively reversed the progression of inflammation and fibrotic injury. Our findings highlight that hydrogel microencapsulation can enhance the persistence of donor mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the host while driving MSCs to substantially augment their therapeutic functions, including immunoregulation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. We revealed that microencapsulation activates the MAPK signaling pathway in MSCs to increase MMP expression, thereby degrading overexpressed collagen accumulated in fibrotic lungs. Our research demonstrates the potential of hydrogel microcapsules to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs through cell-material interactions, presenting a promising yet straightforward strategy for designing advanced stem cell therapies for fibrotic diseases.
Assuntos
Cápsulas , Matriz Extracelular , Imunomodulação , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Fibrose Pulmonar , Animais , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/citologia , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , Fibrose Pulmonar/terapia , Fibrose Pulmonar/patologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/métodos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Hidrogéis/química , Camundongos , MasculinoRESUMO
Last twenties, tissue engineering has rapidly advanced to address the shortage of organ donors. Decellularization techniques have been developed to mitigate immune rejection and alloresponse in transplantation. However, a clear definition of effective decellularization remains elusive. This study compares various decellularization protocols using the human fascia lata model. Morphological, structural and cytotoxicity/viability analyses indicated that all the five tested protocols were equivalent and met Crapo's criteria for successful decellularization. Interestingly, only the in vivo immunization test on rats revealed differences. Only one protocol exhibited Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) content below 1% residual threshold, the only criterion preventing rat immunization with an absence of rat anti-human IgG switch after one month (N=4 donors for each of the 7 groups, added by negative and positive controls, n=28). By respecting a refined set of criteria, i.e. lack of visible nuclear material, <50ng DNA/mg dry weight of extracellular matrix, and <1% residual HLA content, the potential for adverse host reactions can be drastically reduced. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of considering not only nuclear components but also major histocompatibility complex in decellularization protocols and proposes new guidelines to promote safer clinical development and use of bioengineered scaffolds.
Assuntos
Fascia Lata , Antígenos HLA , Engenharia Tecidual , Humanos , Animais , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Antígenos HLA/imunologia , Ratos , Alicerces Teciduais/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Masculino , Matriz Extracelular Descelularizada/química , Matriz Extracelular/química , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismoRESUMO
Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness is a major driver of stem cell fate. However, the involvement of the three-dimensional (3D) genomic reorganization in response to ECM stiffness remains unclear. Here, we generated comprehensive 3D chromatin landscapes of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exposed to various ECM stiffness. We found that there were more long-range chromatin interactions, but less compartment A in MSCs cultured on stiff ECM than those cultured on soft ECM. However, the switch from compartment B in MSCs cultured on soft ECM to compartment A in MSCs cultured on stiff ECM included genes encoding proteins primarily enriched in cytoskeleton organization. At the topologically associating domains (TADs) level, stiff ECM tends to have merged TADs on soft ECM. These merged TADs on stiff ECM include upregulated genes encoding proteins enriched in osteogenesis, such as SP1, ETS1, and DCHS1, which were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and found to be consistent with the increase of alkaline phosphatase staining. Knockdown of SP1 or ETS1 led to the downregulation of osteogenic marker genes, including COL1A1, RUNX2, ALP, and OCN in MSCs cultured on stiff ECM. Our study provides an important insight into the stiff ECM-mediated promotion of MSC differentiation towards osteogenesis, emphasizing the influence of mechanical cues on the reorganization of 3D genome architecture and stem cell fate.
Assuntos
Diferenciação Celular , Matriz Extracelular , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Osteogênese , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/citologia , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , Osteogênese/genética , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Humanos , Células Cultivadas , AnimaisRESUMO
The extracellular matrix plays an integrative role in cellular responses in plants, but its contribution to the signalling of extracellular ligands largely remains to be explored. Rapid alkalinisation factors (RALFs) are extracellular peptide hormones that play pivotal roles in various physiological processes. Here, we address a crucial connection between the de-methylesterification machinery of the cell wall component pectin and RALF1 activity. Pectin is a polysaccharide, contributing to the structural integrity of the cell wall. Our data illustrate that the pharmacological and genetic interference with pectin methyl esterases (PMEs) abolishes RALF1-induced root growth repression. Our data suggest that positively charged RALF1 peptides bind negatively charged, de-methylesterified pectin with high avidity. We illustrate that the RALF1 association with de-methylesterified pectin is required for its FERONIA-dependent perception, contributing to the control of the extracellular matrix and the regulation of plasma membrane dynamics. Notably, this mode of action is independent of the FER-dependent extracellular matrix sensing mechanism provided by FER interaction with the leucine-rich repeat extensin (LRX) proteins. We propose that the methylation status of pectin acts as a contextualizing signalling scaffold for RALF peptides, linking extracellular matrix dynamics to peptide hormone-mediated responses.
Assuntos
Arabidopsis , Hidrolases de Éster Carboxílico , Pectinas , Transdução de Sinais , Hidrolases de Éster Carboxílico/metabolismo , Hidrolases de Éster Carboxílico/genética , Pectinas/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Parede Celular/metabolismo , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Embryos are regeneration and wound healing masters. They rapidly close wounds and scarlessly remodel and regenerate injured tissue. Regeneration has been extensively studied in many animal models using new tools such as single-cell analysis. However, until now, they have been based primarily on experiments assessing from 1 day post injury. RESULTS: In this paper, we reveal that critical steps initiating regeneration occur within hours after injury. We discovered the regeneration initiating cells (RICs) using single-cell and spatial transcriptomics of the regenerating Xenopus laevis tail. RICs are formed transiently from the basal epidermal cells, and their expression signature suggests they are important for modifying the surrounding extracellular matrix thus regulating development. The absence or deregulation of RICs leads to excessive extracellular matrix deposition and defective regeneration. CONCLUSION: RICs represent a newly discovered transient cell state involved in the initiation of the regeneration process.
Assuntos
Regeneração , Cauda , Xenopus laevis , Animais , Transcriptoma , Análise de Célula Única , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness is fundamental in cell division, movement and differentiation. The stiffness that cells sense is determined not only by the elastic modulus of the ECM material but also by ECM geometry and cell density. We hypothesized that these factors would influence cell traction-induced matrix deformations and cellular differentiation in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). To achieve this, we cultivated BMSCs on polyacrylamide hydrogels that varied in elastic modulus and geometry and measured cell spreading, cell-imparted matrix deformations and differentiation. At low cell density BMSCs spread to a greater extent on stiff compared with soft hydrogels, or on thin compared with thick hydrogels. Cell-imparted matrix deformations were greater on soft compared with stiff hydrogels or thick compared with thin hydrogels. There were no significant differences in osteogenic differentiation relative to hydrogel elastic modulus and thickness. However, increased cell density and/or prolonged culture significantly reduced matrix deformations on soft hydrogels to levels similar to those on stiff substrates. This suggests that at high cell densities cell traction-induced matrix displacements are reduced by both neighbouring cells and the constraint imposed by an underlying stiff support. This may explain observations of the lack of difference in osteogenic differentiation as a function of stiffness.
Assuntos
Diferenciação Celular , Hidrogéis , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Hidrogéis/química , Animais , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/citologia , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Resinas Acrílicas/química , Módulo de Elasticidade , Mecanotransdução Celular/fisiologia , Osteogênese/fisiologia , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia , Células da Medula Óssea/metabolismo , Células CultivadasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) has been proposed as a useful source of biomimetic materials for regenerative medicine due to its biological properties that regulate cell behaviors. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of decellularized ECM derived from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on gingival fibroblast (GF) cell behaviors. Cells were isolated from dental pulp and gingival tissues. ECM was derived from culturing dental pulp stem cells in growth medium supplemented with ascorbic acid. A bioinformatic database of the extracellular matrix was constructed using Metascape. GFs were reseeded onto dECM, and their adhesion, spreading, and organization were subsequently observed. The migration ability of the cells was determined using a scratch assay. Protein expression was evaluated using immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: Type 1 collagen and fibronectin were detected on the ECM and dECM derived from DPSCs. Negative phalloidin and nuclei were noted in the dECM. The proteomic database revealed enrichment of several proteins involved in ECM organization, ECM-receptor interaction, and focal adhesion. Compared with those on the controls, the GFs on the dECM exhibited more organized stress fibers. Furthermore, cultured GFs on dECM exhibited significantly enhanced migration and proliferation abilities. Interestingly, GFs seeded on dECM showed upregulation of FN1, ITGB3, and CTNNB1 mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS: ECM derived from DSPCs generates a crucial microenvironment for regulating GF adhesion, migration and proliferation. Therefore, decellularized ECM from DPSCs could serve as a matrix for oral tissue repair.
Assuntos
Adesão Celular , Movimento Celular , Polpa Dentária , Matriz Extracelular , Fibroblastos , Gengiva , Células-Tronco , Polpa Dentária/citologia , Humanos , Gengiva/citologia , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Células Cultivadas , Fibronectinas/metabolismoRESUMO
Adhesion and consequent adoption of a sessile habit is a common feature of many green algae and was likely a key mechanism in terrestrialization by an ancient zygnematophyte (i.e., the Zygnematophyceae, the group of algae ancestral to land plants). Penium margaritaceum is a unicellular zygnematophyte that exhibits a multistep adhesion mechanism, which leads to the establishment of the sessile habit. Based on microscopic and immunological data, a dense aggregate of fibrils containing arabinogalactan-protein (AGP)-like components covers the cell surface and is responsible for initial adhesion. The AGP-like fibrils are 20 µm in diameter and possess chemical profiles similar to land plant AGPs. The fibrils attach to the inner cell wall layers and are very likely connected to the plasma membrane as glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) lipid-anchored proteins, as they are susceptible to phospholipase C treatment. The presence of GPI-anchored AGPs in Penium is further supported by the identification of putative Penium homologs of land plant AGP genes responsible for GPI-anchor synthesis. After adhesion, cells secrete a complex heteropolysaccharide-containing extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) that facilitates gliding motility and the formation of cell aggregates. Fucoidan-like polymers, major components of brown algal CWs, are a major constituent of both the EPS and the adhesive layer of the CW and their role in the adhesion process is still to be examined.
Assuntos
Adesão Celular , Matriz Extracelular , Mucoproteínas , Proteínas de Plantas , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Mucoproteínas/metabolismo , Mucoproteínas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Adesão Celular/fisiologia , Parede Celular/metabolismo , Clorófitas/metabolismo , Clorófitas/genética , Clorófitas/fisiologiaRESUMO
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) play a crucial role in the male reproductive system, responsible for maintaining continuous spermatogenesis. The microenvironment or niche of SSCs is a key factor in regulating their self-renewal, differentiation and spermatogenesis. This microenvironment consists of multiple cell types, extracellular matrix, growth factors, hormones and other molecular signals that interact to form a complex regulatory network. This review aims to provide an overview of the main components of the SSCs microenvironment, explore how they regulate the fate decisions of SSCs, and discuss the potential impact of microenvironmental abnormalities on male reproductive health.
Assuntos
Células-Tronco Germinativas Adultas , Espermatogênese , Nicho de Células-Tronco , Humanos , Masculino , Células-Tronco Germinativas Adultas/metabolismo , Animais , Espermatogônias/metabolismo , Espermatogônias/citologia , Diferenciação Celular , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismoRESUMO
The ability to image tissues in three dimensions (3D) with label-free molecular contrast at the mesoscale would be a valuable capability in biology and biomedicine. Here, we introduce Raman spectral projection tomography (RSPT) for volumetric molecular imaging with optical sub-millimeter spatial resolution. We have developed a RSPT imaging instrument capable of providing 3D molecular contrast in transparent and semi-transparent samples. We also created a computational pipeline for multivariate reconstruction to extract label-free spatial molecular information from Raman projection data. Using these tools, we demonstrate imaging and visualization of phantoms of various complex shapes with label-free molecular contrast. Finally, we apply RSPT as a tool for imaging of molecular gradients and extracellular matrix heterogeneities in fixed and living tissue-engineered constructs and explanted native cartilage tissues. We show that there exists a favorable balance wherein employing Raman spectroscopy, with its advantages in live cell imaging and label-free molecular contrast, outweighs the reduction in imaging resolution and blurring caused by diffuse photon propagation. Thus, RSPT imaging opens new possibilities for label-free molecular monitoring of tissues.
Assuntos
Imageamento Tridimensional , Imagem Molecular , Imagens de Fantasmas , Análise Espectral Raman , Análise Espectral Raman/métodos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Animais , Imagem Molecular/métodos , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Humanos , Tomografia/métodos , Cartilagem/diagnóstico por imagem , Cartilagem/metabolismo , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , CamundongosRESUMO
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is the most aggressive thyroid cancer, and it has a poor prognosis and high probability of metastatic recurrence. The long-term survival of cancer cells depends on their ability to settle in a favorable environment. Cancer cells interact with other cells in the tumor microenvironment to shape the "soil" and make it suitable for cell growth by forming an extremely complex tumor ecosystem. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential component of the tumor ecosystem, and its biological and mechanical changes strongly affect tumor invasion, metastasis, immune escape and drug resistance. Compared to normal tissues, biological processes, such as collagen synthesis and ECM signaling, are significantly activated in ATC tissues. However, how ATC triggers changes in the properties of the ECM and its interaction with the ECM remain poorly characterized. Therefore, an in-depth study of the regulatory mechanism of the abnormal activation of ECM signaling in ATC is highly important for achieving the therapeutic goal of exerting antitumor effects by destroying the "soil" in which cancer cells depend for survival. In this research, we revealed the aberrant activation state of ECM signaling in ATC progression and attempted to uncover the potential mechanism of action of ECM components in ATC, with the aim of providing new drug targets for ATC therapy.
Assuntos
Matriz Extracelular , Carcinoma Anaplásico da Tireoide , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide , Microambiente Tumoral , Carcinoma Anaplásico da Tireoide/patologia , Carcinoma Anaplásico da Tireoide/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Anaplásico da Tireoide/metabolismo , Humanos , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, characterized by memory loss, cognitive decline, personality changes, and various neurological symptoms. The role of blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury, extracellular matrix (ECM) abnormalities, and oligodendrocytes (ODCs) dysfunction in AD has gained increasing attention, yet the detailed pathogenesis remains elusive. This study integrates single-cell sequencing of AD patients' cerebrovascular system with a genome-wide association analysis. It aims to elucidate the associations and potential mechanisms behind pericytes injury, ECM disorder, and ODCs dysfunction in AD pathogenesis. Finally, we identified that abnormalities in the pericyte PI3K-AKT-FOXO signaling pathway may be involved in the pathogenic process of AD. This comprehensive approach sheds new light on the complex etiology of AD and opens avenues for advanced research into its pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Barreira Hematoencefálica , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Pericitos , Doença de Alzheimer/patologia , Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Doença de Alzheimer/etiologia , Humanos , Barreira Hematoencefálica/metabolismo , Barreira Hematoencefálica/patologia , Pericitos/patologia , Pericitos/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Oligodendroglia/metabolismo , Oligodendroglia/patologia , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Microvasos/patologia , Microvasos/metabolismo , Análise de Célula Única , Feminino , Masculino , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismoRESUMO
Pulmonary fibrosis is a complex and intractable disease characterized by extracellular matrix accumulation and altered mechanical properties of lung tissue. Biomechanical properties are closely related to the development, progression, and treatment of tissue fibrosis. In this review, we summarized the changes in the pulmonary biomechanical microenvironment, highlight the role of mechanotransduction in pulmonary fibrosis, and describe recent clinical advances targeting mechanical signals to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis.
Assuntos
Matriz Extracelular , Mecanotransdução Celular , Fibrose Pulmonar , Humanos , Fibrose Pulmonar/metabolismo , Fibrose Pulmonar/fisiopatologia , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Pulmão/metabolismo , Pulmão/patologia , Pulmão/fisiopatologia , Transdução de Sinais , AnimaisRESUMO
Interactions between tumor and stromal cells are well known to play prominent roles in progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). As knowledge of stromal crosstalk in PDAC has evolved, it has become clear that cancer associated fibroblasts can play both tumor promoting and tumor suppressive roles through a combination of paracrine crosstalk and juxtacrine interactions involving direct physical contact. Another major contributor to dismal survival statistics for PDAC is development of resistance to chemotherapy drugs, though less is known about how the acquisition of chemoresistance impacts upon tumor-stromal crosstalk. Here, we use time lapse imaging and image analysis to study how co-culture geometry impacts interactions between epithelial and stromal cells. We show that extracellular matrix (ECM) overlay cultures in which stromal cells (pancreatic stellate cells, or normal human fibroblasts) are placed adjacent to PDAC cells (PANC1) result in direct heterotypic cell adhesions accompanied by dramatic fibroblast contractility. We analyze these interactions in co-cultures using particle image velocimetry (PIV) analysis to quantify cell velocities over the course of time lapse movie sequences. We further contrast co-cultures of PANC1 with those containing a drug resistant subline (PANC1-OR) previously established in our lab and find that heterotypic cell-cell interactions are suppressed in the latter relative to the parental line. We use RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis to identify differential gene expression in PANC1 and PANC1-OR, which shows that negative regulation of cell adhesion molecules, consistent with increased epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), is also correlated with reduction in the hetrotypic cell-cell contact necessary for the contractile behavior observed in drug naïve cultures. Overall these findings elucidate the role of drug-resistance in inhibiting an avenue of stromal crosstalk which is associated with tumor suppression and also help to establish cell culture conditions useful for further mechanistic investigation.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático , Comunicação Celular , Técnicas de Cocultura , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Fibroblastos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Células Estromais , Humanos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Células Estromais/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/patologia , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Fibroblastos Associados a Câncer/metabolismo , Fibroblastos Associados a Câncer/patologia , Microambiente Tumoral , Células Estreladas do Pâncreas/metabolismo , Células Estreladas do Pâncreas/efeitos dos fármacos , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismoRESUMO
Prostate cancer (PC) is an age-related disease and represents, after lung cancer, the second cause of cancer death in males worldwide. Mortality is due to the metastatic disease, which mainly involves the bones, lungs, and liver. In the last 20 years, the incidence of metastatic PC has increased in Western Countries, and a further increase is expected in the near future, due to the population ageing. Current treatment options, including state of the art cancer immunotherapy, need to be more effective to achieve long-term disease control. The most significant anatomical barrier to overcome to improve the effectiveness of current and newly designed drug strategies consists of the prostatic stroma, in particular the fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix, which are the most abundant components of both the normal and tumor prostatic microenvironment. By weaving a complex communication network with the glandular epithelium, the immune cells, the microbiota, the endothelium, and the nerves, in the healthy prostatic microenvironment, the fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix support organ development and homeostasis. However, during inflammation, ageing and prostate tumorigenesis, they undergo dramatic phenotypic and genotypic changes, which impact on tumor growth and progression and on the development of therapy resistance. Here, we focus on the characteristics and functions of the prostate associated fibroblasts and of the extracellular matrix in health and cancer. We emphasize their roles in shaping tumor behavior and the feasibility of manipulating and/or targeting these stromal components to overcome the limitations of current treatments and to improve precision medicine's chances of success.
Assuntos
Próstata , Neoplasias da Próstata , Células Estromais , Microambiente Tumoral , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/terapia , Células Estromais/patologia , Próstata/patologia , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Animais , Saúde , Fibroblastos/patologiaRESUMO
Myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) is a group of hereditary myopathies that mainly involves striated muscles. This study aimed to use tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics to investigate the underlying pathomechanisms of two of the most common MFM subtypes, desminopathy and titinopathy. Muscles from 7 patients with desminopathy, 5 with titinopathy and 5 control individuals were included. Samples were labelled with TMT and then underwent high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Compared with control samples, there were 436 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in the desminopathy group and 269 in the titinopathy group. When comparing the desminopathy with the titinopathy group, there were 113 DAPs. In desminopathy, mitochondrial ATP production, muscle contraction, and cytoskeleton organization were significantly suppressed. Activated cellular components and pathways were mostly related to extracellular matrix (ECM). In titinopathy, mitochondrial-related pathways and the cellular component ECM were downregulated, while gluconeogenesis was activated. Direct comparison between desminopathy and titinopathy revealed hub genes that were all involved in glycolytic process. The disparity in glycolysis in the two MFM subtypes is likely due to fiber type switching. This study has revealed disorganization of cytoskeleton and mitochondrial dysfunction as the common pathophysiological processes in MFM, and glycolysis and ECM as the differential pathomechanism between desminopathy and titinopathy. This offers a future direction for targeted therapy for MFM.
Assuntos
Conectina , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Conectina/genética , Conectina/metabolismo , Proteômica/métodos , Miopatias Congênitas Estruturais/genética , Miopatias Congênitas Estruturais/patologia , Miopatias Congênitas Estruturais/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Desmina/genética , Desmina/metabolismo , Glicólise/genética , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Mitocôndrias/genética , Mitocôndrias/patologia , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Matriz Extracelular/patologia , Distrofias Musculares , CardiomiopatiasRESUMO
This study unveils the pivotal roles of taurine metabolic reprogramming and its implications in the development and progression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA). Leveraging an integrated approach that combines single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), our research investigates the intricate transcriptional and gene expression dynamics crucial to AAA. Our findings uniquely link metabolic shifts to the integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the functionality of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), key elements in the pathology of AAA. Utilizing scRNA-seq data from a mouse model (GSE152583 dataset), we identified critical alterations in cellular composition during AAA progression, particularly highlighting shifts in fibroblasts and inflammatory cells. Concurrently, WGCNA of human AAA tissue samples has outlined distinct gene expression patterns correlated with disease severity and progression, offering comprehensive insights into both molecular and cellular disease mechanisms. Moreover, this study introduces innovative metabolic profiling techniques to identify differential metabolites in AAA, integrating extensive metabolomic analyses with pathway enrichment strategies. This novel approach has pinpointed potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, notably within taurine metabolism pathways, crucial for crafting non-surgical interventions. By merging state-of-the-art bioinformatics with thorough molecular analysis, our study not only enhances the understanding of AAA's complex pathophysiology but also catalyzes the development of targeted therapeutic strategies. This research represents a significant advancement in the molecular characterization of AAA, with substantial implications for its future diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal , Progressão da Doença , Taurina , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/patologia , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/metabolismo , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/genética , Taurina/metabolismo , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/patologia , Masculino , Análise de Célula Única , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Matriz Extracelular/patologia , Metabolômica/métodos , Reprogramação MetabólicaRESUMO
Chronic fibrotic tissue disrupts various organ functions. Despite significant advances in therapies, mortality and morbidity due to heart failure remain high, resulting in poor quality of life. Beyond the cardiomyocyte-centric view of heart failure, it is now accepted that alterations in the interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) also play a major role in the development of heart failure. Here, we show that protein kinase N (PKN) is expressed in cardiac fibroblasts. Furthermore, PKN mediates the conversion of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, which plays a central role in secreting large amounts of ECM proteins via p38 phosphorylation signaling. Fibroblast-specific deletion of PKN led to a reduction of myocardial fibrotic changes and cardiac dysfunction in mice models of ischemia-reperfusion or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Our results indicate that PKN is a therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis in heart failure.
Assuntos
Fibroblastos , Fibrose , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Miocárdio , Miofibroblastos , Proteína Quinase C , Animais , Insuficiência Cardíaca/patologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/metabolismo , Insuficiência Cardíaca/genética , Miofibroblastos/metabolismo , Miofibroblastos/patologia , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/patologia , Camundongos , Miocárdio/patologia , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Proteína Quinase C/metabolismo , Proteína Quinase C/genética , Masculino , Humanos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Fosforilação , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Fibrosis is a common manifestation of most progressive and degenerative diseases, with myofibroblast activation and matrix accumulation playing a key role. In this issue of the JCI, Hoeft et al. identify the important role of ADAMTS12 in fibroblast activation. ADAMTS12, a secreted protein, is involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, cell signaling, and inflammation. ADAMTS12 facilitates proteolysis by cleaving various substrates such as ECM components, which are vital for cellular signaling and remodeling. Additionally, it modulates cell-matrix interactions, influencing cell adhesion and migration, and plays an important role in the inflammatory processes. Understanding the role of ADAMTS12 offers potential therapeutic insights for targeting fibrosis in progressive diseases.