RESUMO
This study aimed to compare the cytotoxicity of the Vita AC12, Lava Ultimate, Vita Enamic and InSync indirect restorative materials. Extracts of each material were prepared by incubation for 1, 7 and 40 days, with daily washing. Human gingival fibroblasts were exposed to the extracts, and cell viability was evaluated by sequential assessment of mitochondrial activity (XTT), membrane integrity (NRU) and cell density (CVDE). Extracts of polystyrene beads and latex fragments were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Differences between groups and experimental times were evaluated by analysis of variance. At the 24 h extraction, significant differences between the control and both Vita AC-12 and InSync were observed in the XTT assay (p<0.05), and between the control and both Enamic and Lava Ultimate, in the CVDE assay (p<0.05). AC12, Lava Ultimate, and InSync presented significantly lower cell viability than Enamic and the control group, in the NRU assay (p<0.05). The Vita Enamic and Lava Ultimate hybrid ceramic-like materials presented better biocompatibility at the 24 h extraction time point than the AC12 and InSync ceramic materials. However, a simulation of the removal of toxic components by biological fluids, conducted by using longer extraction times and daily washing, led to the absence of cytotoxicity in all the tested restorative materials. These findings can be viewed as positive for the clinical indication of these restorative materials, considering their contact with adjacent soft tissues for extended periods of time.
Assuntos
Cerâmica/toxicidade , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Contagem de Células , Sobrevivência Celular , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Teste de Materiais , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of acrylic resins of different colors over time. METHODS: Specimens were divided into 4 groups (n = 6) according to the color of the acrylic resin (Orto Class, Clássico, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil): Group 1, clear acrylic resin; Group 2, pink acrylic resin; Group 3, blue acrylic resin; and Group 4, green acrylic resin. All specimens were fabricated according to the mass manipulation technique and submitted to mechanical polishing protocol. The control was performed with an amalgam specimen (C+), a glass specimen (C-) and cell control (CC). Specimens were immersed in Minimum Eagle's Medium (MEM) and incubated for 24 h at 37ºC. The extracts from the experimental material were filtered and mixed with L929 fibroblast. Cytotoxicity was evaluated at four different times, 24, 48, 72 and 168 h. After contact, cells were incubated for 24 h and added to 100 µ of 0.01% neutral red dye. The cells were incubated for 3 h for pigment incorporation and fixed. Cells viability was determined by a spectroscopic (BioTek, Winooski, Vermont, USA) with a 492-nm wavelength λ=492 nm). RESULTS: There were no statistical differences between the experimental groups and the CC and C- groups. CONCLUSION: Clear, pink, blue and green self-curing acrylic resins fabricated by means of the mass manipulation technique and mechanically polished are not cytotoxic. Neither the pigment added to the self-curing acrylic resin nor the factor of time influenced the cytotoxicity of the material.
Assuntos
Resinas Acrílicas/toxicidade , Corantes/toxicidade , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Animais , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cor , Amálgama Dentário/toxicidade , Polimento Dentário/métodos , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Vidro/química , Indicadores e Reagentes , Teste de Materiais , Camundongos , Vermelho Neutro , Polimerização , Autocura de Resinas Dentárias/métodos , Análise Espectral , Propriedades de Superfície , Temperatura , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of acrylic resins of different colors over time. METHODS: Specimens were divided into 4 groups (n = 6) according to the color of the acrylic resin (Orto Class, Clássico, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil): Group 1: clear acrylic resin; group 2: pink acrylic resin; group 3: blue acrylic resin and group 4: green acrylic resin. All specimens were fabricated according to the mass manipulation technique and submitted to mechanical polishing protocol. The control was performed with an amalgam specimen (C+), a glass specimen (C-) and cell control (CC). Specimens were immersed in Minimum Eagle's Medium (MEM) and incubated for 24 h at 37o C. The extracts from the experimental material were filtered and mixed with L929 fibroblast. Cytotoxicity was evaluated at 4 different times, 24, 48, 72 and 168 h. After contact, cells were incubated for 24 h and added to 100 µ of 0.01% neutral red dye. The cells were incubated for 3 h for pigment incorporation and fixed. Cells viability was determined by a spectroscopic (BioTek, Winooski, Vermont, USA) with a 492-nm wavelength λ=492 nm). RESULTS: There were no statistical differences between the experimental groups and the CC and C- groups. CONCLUSION: Clear, pink, blue and green self-curing acrylic resins fabricated by means of the mass manipulation technique and mechanically polished are not cytotoxic. Neither the pigment added to the self-curing acrylic resin nor the factor of time influenced the cytotoxicity of the material. .
OBJETIVO: avaliar, in vitro, a citotoxicidade de resinas acrílicas autopolimerizáveis, de diferentes cores, ao longo do tempo. MÉTODOS: os corpos de prova foram divididos em quatro grupos (n = 3), de acordo com a cor da resina acrílica utilizada (Orto Class, Clássico, São Paulo/SP), sendo: grupo 1, acrílica incolor; grupo 2, acrílica rosa; grupo 3, acrílica azul; e, grupo 4, acrílico verde. Todos os corpos de prova foram confeccionados pela técnica de massa e polidos mecanicamente. Um corpo de prova de amálgama, um de vidro e célula constituíram o controle positivo (C+), controle negativo (C-), e controle de célula (CC), respectivamente. Em seguida, esses foram imersos em meio mínimo essencial de Eagle (MEM) por 24h, quando se removeu o sobrenadante e colocou-os em contato com fibroblastos L929. Avaliou-se a citotoxicidade em quatro períodos: 24, 48, 72 e 168h. Após o contato com o meio, as células foram incubadas por 24h e adicionou-se 100µ do corante vermelho neutro a 0,01%. Posteriormente, as células foram incubadas por 3h, para incorporação do corante, e fixadas. A contagem das células viáveis foi realizada em espectrofotômetro (BioTek, Winooski, EUA), com um comprimento de onda de 492nm (λ = 492nm). RESULTADOS: não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos experimentais e os grupos CC e C-. CONCLUSÇÕES: as resinas acrílicas autopolimerizáveis incolor, rosa, azul e verde, manipuladas pela técnica de massa e polidas mecanicamente não são citotóxicas. O corante utilizado em resinas autopolimerizáveis e tempo não influenciam na citotoxocidade do material. .
Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Resinas Acrílicas/toxicidade , Corantes/toxicidade , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Linhagem Celular , Cor , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Amálgama Dentário/toxicidade , Polimento Dentário/métodos , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Vidro/química , Indicadores e Reagentes , Teste de Materiais , Vermelho Neutro , Polimerização , Análise Espectral , Propriedades de Superfície , Autocura de Resinas Dentárias/métodos , Temperatura , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
O metacrilato de metila, material largamente utilizado naconfecção de próteses dentárias, apresenta níveis de toxicidadecomprovados. Por essa razão, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar,em técnicos de prótese dentária de 4 cidades do Estado da Paraíba,os sinais e sintomas que ocorrem após a exposição às resinas acrílicase as medidas de segurança adotadas durante o seu processamento.Material e Métodos: Usou-se um questionário direcionado ao tipo deserviço prestado, tempo de trabalho com a resina, sinais e sintomasdecorrentes da exposição e medidas de segurança adotadas durantea manipulação. A amostra foi constituída por 50 profissionais atuantesnas cidades de João Pessoa (44%), Campina Grande (24%), Sousa(18%) e Cajazeiras (14%). Resultados: Verificou-se que 72% dostécnicos trabalham por mais de 10 anos com a resina acrílica. Apósa manipulação, em curto prazo, 26% dos profissionais relataram irritaçãonos olhos, 18% dor de cabeça e 14% irritação nas narinas. Em longoprazo, 10% dos profissionais informaram sobre irritação nas narinas,8% irritação na pele e 6% dificuldade para respirar. Oitenta e quatropor cento (84%) dos profissionais informaram não conhecer técnicosde prótese que tenham desenvolvido problemas de saúde atribuídosao uso da resina. Oito por cento (8%) dos entrevistados jáapresentavam alguma alteração de saúde decorrente da profissão.Durante o processamento da resina os cuidados mais frequentesforam manter a circulação do ar (82%), uso de máscaras cirúrgicas(76%) e uso de óculos de proteção (28%). Conclusões: Concluiu-seque os técnicos de prótese dentária das cidades envolvidas estãosujeitos a uma série de doenças profissionais por desconhecerem atoxicidade das resinas acrílicas e não empregarem métodos desegurança eficazes...
Methyl methacrylate is a material widely used inprosthodontics which has been found to cause toxic effects. Therefore,this study aims to evaluate the signs and symptoms that occur afterexposure to acrylic resins and the safety measures taken during theiruse by prosthetic technicians from four cities in the state of Paraiba,Brazil. Material and Methods: We applied a questionnaire addressingthe topics: type of service performed, time of working with the resin,signs and symptoms resulting from their exposure and safetymeasures taken during material handling. The sample consisted of 50professionals working in the cities of João Pessoa (44%), CampinaGrande (24%), Sousa (18%) and Cajazeiras (14%). Results: It wasfound that 72% of technicians had been working with acrylic resin forover 10 years. After short-term manipulation, 26% of professionalsreported having had eye irritation, 18% headache and 14% itchynose. In long-term exposures, 10% of professionals reported havinghad itchy nose, 8% skin irritation and 6% difficulty to breath. Eightyfourpercent (84%) of practitioners reported not knowing any prosthetictechnician who had experienced health issues attributed to the use ofresin. Eight percent (8%) of respondents had already had occupationalhealth issues. During the processing of resin, the most frequentlymeasures taken were: keep the air circulation (82%), use of surgicalmasks (76%) and use of goggles (28%). Conclusion: Based on theseresults, we concluded that the prosthetic technicians of the earlymentioned cities are susceptible to several occupational diseasesdue to be unaware of the toxicity of acrylic resins and not to employeffective safety methods...
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Técnicos em Prótese Dentária , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Medidas de SegurançaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of methyl methacrylate (MMA) vapor by simulating standard occupational exposure of 8 hours per day and using the micronucleus test. We used 32 adult male Wistar rats divided into three groups: A - 16 rats exposed to MMA for 8 hours a day, B - Eight rats receiving single subcutaneous doses of cyclophosphamide on the first day of the experiment (positive control), C - Eight rats receiving only water and food ad libitum (negative control). Eight rats from group A and all of the rats from groups B and C were sacrificed 24 hours after beginning the experiment (acute exposure in group A). The remaining animals in group A were sacrificed 5 days after the experiment began (repeated exposure assessment in group A, simulating occupational exposure 40 hours/week). Femoral bone marrow was collected from each rat at the time of sacrifice for use in the micronucleus test. Two slides were completed per animal and were stained with Giemsa staining. Two thousand polychromatic erythrocytes were counted per animal. The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by a multiple comparisons test (Dunn test) was used for statistical analysis. The median number of micronuclei was 7.00 in the group exposed to MMA for 1 day, 2.00 in the group exposed to MMA for 5 days, 9.00 in the group exposed to cyclophosphamide (positive control) and 0.756 in the negative control group (p < 0.0001). MMA was genotoxic when measured after 1 day of exposure but was not evidently genotoxic after 5 days.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Cimentos Dentários/toxicidade , Metilmetacrilato/toxicidade , Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fêmur/efeitos dos fármacos , Gases/toxicidade , Testes para Micronúcleos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of methyl methacrylate (MMA) vapor by simulating standard occupational exposure of 8 hours per day and using the micronucleus test. We used 32 adult male Wistar rats divided into three groups: A - 16 rats exposed to MMA for 8 hours a day, B - Eight rats receiving single subcutaneous doses of cyclophosphamide on the first day of the experiment (positive control), C - Eight rats receiving only water and food ad libitum (negative control). Eight rats from group A and all of the rats from groups B and C were sacrificed 24 hours after beginning the experiment (acute exposure in group A). The remaining animals in group A were sacrificed 5 days after the experiment began (repeated exposure assessment in group A, simulating occupational exposure 40 hours/week). Femoral bone marrow was collected from each rat at the time of sacrifice for use in the micronucleus test. Two slides were completed per animal and were stained with Giemsa staining. Two thousand polychromatic erythrocytes were counted per animal. The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by a multiple comparisons test (Dunn test) was used for statistical analysis. The median number of micronuclei was 7.00 in the group exposed to MMA for 1 day, 2.00 in the group exposed to MMA for 5 days, 9.00 in the group exposed to cyclophosphamide (positive control) and 0.756 in the negative control group (p < 0.0001). MMA was genotoxic when measured after 1 day of exposure but was not evidently genotoxic after 5 days.
Assuntos
Cimentos Dentários/toxicidade , Metilmetacrilato/toxicidade , Animais , Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fêmur/efeitos dos fármacos , Gases/toxicidade , Masculino , Testes para Micronúcleos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: In this study, we evaluated the cellular viability of various esthetic, metallic, and nickel-free orthodontic brackets. METHODS: The sample was divided into 11 groups (n = 8): cellular control, negative control, positive control, metallic, polycarbonate, 2 types of monocrystalline ceramic, 3 types of nickel free, and polycrystalline ceramic brackets. Cell culture (NIH/3T3-mice fibroblasts) was added to the plates of 96 wells containing the specimens and incubated in 5% carbon dioxide at 37°C for 24 hours. Cytotoxicity was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Cell growth was analyzed with an inverted light microscope, photomicrographs were obtained, and the results were recorded as response rates based on modifications of the parameters of Stanford according to the size of diffusion halo of toxic substances. Cell viability was analyzed (MTT assay); a microplate reader recorded the cell viability through the mitochondrial activity in a length of 570 nm. The values were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: All tested brackets had higher cytotoxicity values than did the negative control (P <0.05), with the exception Rematitan and Equilibrium (both, Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany) (P >0.05), suggesting low toxicity effects. The values showed that only polycarbonate brackets were similar (P >0.05) to the positive control, suggesting high toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: The brackets demonstrated different ranges of cytotoxicity; nickel-free brackets had better biocompatibility than the others. On the other hand, polycarbonate brackets were made of a highly cytotoxic material for the cells analyzed.
Assuntos
Ligas Dentárias/toxicidade , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Braquetes Ortodônticos , Alumínio/toxicidade , Animais , Compostos Benzidrílicos , Materiais Biocompatíveis/toxicidade , Dióxido de Carbono/administração & dosagem , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cerâmica/toxicidade , Ligas de Cromo/química , Corantes , Estética Dentária , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Células NIH 3T3 , Níquel/toxicidade , Fenóis/toxicidade , Cimento de Policarboxilato/toxicidade , Temperatura , Sais de Tetrazólio , Tiazóis , Fatores de Tempo , Titânio/toxicidadeRESUMO
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Adverse reactions to the materials used for the fabrication and reline of removable denture bases have been observed. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the published literature on the cytotoxicity of denture base and hard reline materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: MEDLINE via PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases for the period January 1979 to December 2009 were searched with the following key words: (biocompatibility OR cytotoxic* OR allergy OR "burning mouth" OR "cell culture techniques") AND ("acrylic resins" OR denture OR monomer OR relin* OR "denture liners"). The inclusion criteria included in vitro studies using either animal or human cells, in which the cytotoxicity of the denture base and hard chairside reline resins was tested. Studies of resilient lining materials and those that evaluated other parameters such as genotoxicity and mutagenicity were excluded. Articles published in the English language and in peer-reviewed journals focusing on the cytotoxicity of these materials were reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 1443 articles were identified through the search. From these, 20 studies were judged to meet the selection criteria and were included in the review. In the majority of the studies, continuous cell lines were exposed to eluates of specimens made from the materials, and mitochondrial activity was used to estimate cell viability. The tested acrylic resins were grouped according to 5 major categories: (1) heat-polymerized; (2) microwave-polymerized; (3) autopolymerizing; (4) light-polymerized; and (5) hard chairside reliners. CONCLUSIONS: This review provided some evidence that the heat-polymerized resins showed lower cytotoxic effects than autopolymerizing denture base acrylic resins and light or dual polymerized reline resins. However, because of the large number of variables in the reviewed literature, a definitive conclusion could not be drawn.
Assuntos
Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Bases de Dentadura , Reembasadores de Dentadura , Resinas Acrílicas/toxicidade , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis/toxicidade , Prótese Parcial Removível , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Polímeros/toxicidadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The formation of biofilms on titanium dental implants is one of the main causes of failure of these devices. Streptococci are considered early colonizers that alter local environment favouring growing conditions for other colonizers. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is so far the most effective antimicrobial treatment against a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms as well as fungi. This study was designed to develop a CHX delivery system appropriate for healing caps and abutments, with suitable drug release rate, effective as antimicrobial agent, and free of cytotoxic effects. METHODS: Polybenzyl acrylate (PBA) coatings with and without CHX (Ti/PBA and Ti/PBA-CHX, respectively) and different drug loads (0.35, 0.70, and 1.40%, w/w) were assayed. The cytotoxic effect of CHX released from the different substrates on UMR106 cells was tested by alkaline phosphatase specific activity (ALP), and microscopic evaluation of the cells. Non-cytotoxic drug load (0.35%, w/w) was selected to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of the system using a microbial consortium of Streptococcus species. RESULTS: The kinetic profile of CHX delivered by Ti/PBA-CHX showed an initial fast release rate followed by a monotonic increase of delivered mass over 48 h. The number of attached bacteria decreased in the following order: Ti>Ti/PBA>Ti/PBA-0.35. CONCLUSIONS: PBA-0.35 coating is effective to inhibit the adhesion of early colonizers on Ti without any cytotoxic effect on UMR-106 cells.
Assuntos
Acrilatos/química , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/administração & dosagem , Clorexidina/administração & dosagem , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Dentários/química , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Titânio/química , Acrilatos/toxicidade , Fosfatase Alcalina/análise , Animais , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/toxicidade , Aderência Bacteriana/efeitos dos fármacos , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Forma Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Clorexidina/toxicidade , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis/toxicidade , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Difusão , Humanos , Osteoblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Streptococcus/efeitos dos fármacos , Titânio/toxicidadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of water storage time on the cytotoxicity of soft liners. METHODS: Sample discs of soft liners Dentusoft, Dentuflex, Trusoft, Ufi-Gel-P and denture base acrylic resin Lucitone-550 were prepared and divided into four groups: GN: No treatment, G24: Stored in water at 37°C for 24 h; G48: Stored in water at 37°C for 48 h, GHW: Immersed in water at 55°C for 10 min. To analyse the cytotoxic effect, three samples of each group were placed in tubes with Dubelcco's Modified Eagle Mediums and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. During this period, the toxic substances were leached to the culture medium. The cytotoxicity was analysed quantitatively by the incorporation of radioactivity (3)H-thymidine checking the number of viable cells (synthesis of DNA). The data were statistically analysed using two-way anova and Tukey's honestly significant difference tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Treatments did not reduce the cytotoxicity effect of the soft liners (p > 0.05). It was found that Ufi-Gel-P had a non-cytotoxic effect, Trusoft had a slightly cytotoxic effect, Dentuflex had a moderated cytotoxic effect, Dentusoft alternated between slightly and non-cytotoxic effect, and Lucitone-550 had non-cytotoxic effect when stored in water for 48 h. CONCLUSION: The effect of water storage and the heat treatment did not reduce the cytotoxicity of the soft liners.
Assuntos
Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Reembasadores de Dentadura , Resinas Acrílicas/química , Resinas Acrílicas/toxicidade , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Meios de Cultivo Condicionados , Materiais Dentários/química , Dimetilpolisiloxanos/química , Dimetilpolisiloxanos/toxicidade , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Temperatura Alta , Teste de Materiais , Metilmetacrilatos/química , Metilmetacrilatos/toxicidade , Camundongos , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Elastômeros de Silicone/química , Elastômeros de Silicone/toxicidade , Temperatura , Timidina , Fatores de Tempo , Trítio , ÁguaRESUMO
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a influência de materiais utilizados na prática odontológica (Single Bond, HEMA, Vitrebond, Ketac Molar e Dycal) na resposta inflamatória de fibroblastos cultivados de polpa dental humana de dentes permanentes em relação à expressão e produção de mediadores da inflamação. As culturas primárias de fibroblastos foram estabelecidas a partir do tecido pulpar de terceiros molares hígidos. Após a quarta passagem, os fibroblastos foram estimulados pelos materiais e pelos materiais seguidos por LPS de E. coli pelos tempos de 6 e 24 horas. Os testes utilizados foram: MTT, Trypan Blue, Análise de Griess, PCR quantitativo e ELISA. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente aplicando-se o teste ANOVA a 1 critério e pós-teste de Tukey e ANOVA a 2 critérios e teste de correção de Bonferroni (p<0,05). Os materiais SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) e DY (Dycal) afetaram a viabilidade celular com diminuição do metabolismo. Os materiais SB1 (Single Bond 1:1.000), SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) e VB (Vitrebond) seguidos de LPS de E. coli diminuíram o metabolismo celular de maneira estatisticamente significativa. Os níveis de óxido nítrico produzidos foram diminuídos quando os fibroblastos foram estimulados pelo KM (Ketac Molar). A expressão gênica para pró-colágeno tipo I foi diminuída quando os fibroblastos foram estimulados pelos materiais SB10 (Single Bond 1:100), SB (Single Bond polimerizado) e DY (Dycal). Para o SDF-1_/CXCL12 houve um aumento da expressão para o grupo estimulado apenas por LPS de E. coli, SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) e DY (Dycal). Para o IL-6 notou-se uma diminuição significativa para o grupo estimulado por H1000 (HEMA 1000 nM) e um aumento para o grupo SB10 (Single Bond 1:100). A expressão gênica de IL- 8/CXCL8 diminuiu para os fibroblastos estimulados pelas três concentrações de HEMA e de Single Bond, VB (Vitrebond) e DY (Dycal) no período de 6 horas e houve um aumento para os materiais SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) e VB...
The aim of the present study is to investigate the influence of dental materials (Single Bond, HEMA, Vitrebond, Ketac Molar e Dycal) in the inflammatory response of human dental pulp fibroblasts from permanent teeth in relation to inflammatory mediators expression. and production. Primary cultures were established from third molars pulp tissue. After the fourth passage, the fibroblasts were stimulated only by materials and also by the materials followed by LPS from E. coli for 6 and 24 hours. Data were statistically analyzed using Oneway ANOVA and Tukey post-test and Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-test (p<0.05). SB10 (Single Bond 1: 100) and DY (Dycal) affected cell viability and consequently decreased cell metabolism. SB1 (Single Bond 1:1,000), SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) and VB (Vitrebond) followed by LPS E. coli decreased cell metabolism. Nitric oxide levels were reduced when fibroblasts were stimulated by KM (Ketac Molar). Pro-collagen type I expression was reduced when fibroblasts were stimulated by SB10 (Single Bond 1:100), SB (polymerized Single Bond) and DY (Dycal). SDF-1_/CXCL12 expression was increased for the group stimulated only by LPS from E. coli, SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) and DY (Dycal). IL-6 expression had a significant decrease in the group stimulated by H1000 (HEMA 1000 nM) and an increase for SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) group. The expression of IL-8/CXCL8 decreased when fibroblasts were stimulated by the three concentrations of HEMA and of Single Bond, VB (Vitrebond) and DY (Dycal) at 6 hours and increased for SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) and VB (Vitrebond) at 24 hours. There was decrease in SDF-1_/CXCL12 production for the three concentrations of HEMA and DY (Dycal) and a declining trend for the other materials tested. The production of IL-6 was increased by VB (Vitrebond) and KM (Ketac Molar). The production of IL-8/CXCL8 increased by SB1 (Single Bond 1:1,000), VB...
Assuntos
Humanos , Fibroblastos , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Polpa Dentária , Análise de Variância , Colágeno Tipo I/análise , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , /análise , Dente Molar , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/análise , Metaloproteinases da Matriz , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Quimiocinas CXC/análise , Quimiocinas CXC , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a influência de materiais utilizados na prática odontológica (Single Bond, HEMA, Vitrebond, Ketac Molar e Dycal) na resposta inflamatória de fibroblastos cultivados de polpa dental humana de dentes permanentes em relação à expressão e produção de mediadores da inflamação. As culturas primárias de fibroblastos foram estabelecidas a partir do tecido pulpar de terceiros molares hígidos. Após a quarta passagem, os fibroblastos foram estimulados pelos materiais e pelos materiais seguidos por LPS de E. coli pelos tempos de 6 e 24 horas. Os testes utilizados foram: MTT, Trypan Blue, Análise de Griess, PCR quantitativo e ELISA. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente aplicando-se o teste ANOVA a 1 critério e pós-teste de Tukey e ANOVA a 2 critérios e teste de correção de Bonferroni (p<0,05). Os materiais SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) e DY (Dycal) afetaram a viabilidade celular com diminuição do metabolismo. Os materiais SB1 (Single Bond 1:1.000), SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) e VB (Vitrebond) seguidos de LPS de E. coli diminuíram o metabolismo celular de maneira estatisticamente significativa. Os níveis de óxido nítrico produzidos foram diminuídos quando os fibroblastos foram estimulados pelo KM (Ketac Molar). A expressão gênica para pró-colágeno tipo I foi diminuída quando os fibroblastos foram estimulados pelos materiais SB10 (Single Bond 1:100), SB (Single Bond polimerizado) e DY (Dycal). Para o SDF-1_/CXCL12 houve um aumento da expressão para o grupo estimulado apenas por LPS de E. coli, SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) e DY (Dycal). Para o IL-6 notou-se uma diminuição significativa para o grupo estimulado por H1000 (HEMA 1000 nM) e um aumento para o grupo SB10 (Single Bond 1:100). A expressão gênica de IL- 8/CXCL8 diminuiu para os fibroblastos estimulados pelas três concentrações de HEMA e de Single Bond, VB (Vitrebond) e DY (Dycal) no período de 6 horas e houve um aumento para os materiais SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) e VB...
The aim of the present study is to investigate the influence of dental materials (Single Bond, HEMA, Vitrebond, Ketac Molar e Dycal) in the inflammatory response of human dental pulp fibroblasts from permanent teeth in relation to inflammatory mediators expression. and production. Primary cultures were established from third molars pulp tissue. After the fourth passage, the fibroblasts were stimulated only by materials and also by the materials followed by LPS from E. coli for 6 and 24 hours. Data were statistically analyzed using Oneway ANOVA and Tukey post-test and Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-test (p<0.05). SB10 (Single Bond 1: 100) and DY (Dycal) affected cell viability and consequently decreased cell metabolism. SB1 (Single Bond 1:1,000), SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) and VB (Vitrebond) followed by LPS E. coli decreased cell metabolism. Nitric oxide levels were reduced when fibroblasts were stimulated by KM (Ketac Molar). Pro-collagen type I expression was reduced when fibroblasts were stimulated by SB10 (Single Bond 1:100), SB (polymerized Single Bond) and DY (Dycal). SDF-1_/CXCL12 expression was increased for the group stimulated only by LPS from E. coli, SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) and DY (Dycal). IL-6 expression had a significant decrease in the group stimulated by H1000 (HEMA 1000 nM) and an increase for SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) group. The expression of IL-8/CXCL8 decreased when fibroblasts were stimulated by the three concentrations of HEMA and of Single Bond, VB (Vitrebond) and DY (Dycal) at 6 hours and increased for SB10 (Single Bond 1:100) and VB (Vitrebond) at 24 hours. There was decrease in SDF-1_/CXCL12 production for the three concentrations of HEMA and DY (Dycal) and a declining trend for the other materials tested. The production of IL-6 was increased by VB (Vitrebond) and KM (Ketac Molar). The production of IL-8/CXCL8 increased by SB1 (Single Bond 1:1,000), VB...
Assuntos
Humanos , Fibroblastos , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Polpa Dentária , Análise de Variância , Colágeno Tipo I/análise , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , /análise , Dente Molar , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/análise , Metaloproteinases da Matriz , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Quimiocinas CXC/análise , Quimiocinas CXC , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Proposição: avaliar a citotoxicidade de bráquetes metálicos e cerâmicos em diferentesperiodos de tempo. Metodologia: foram avaliados bráquetes metálicos e cerâmicos deuma mesma marca comercial (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Califórnia) distribuídos em dois grupos:1) metálico (Victory Series); 2) cerâmico (TranscendTM). Três grupos controle foram avaliados:controle positivo (C+) constituído de um cilindro de amálgama, controle negativo (C-), bastãode vidro e controle de célula (CC), onde as células não foram expostas a nenhum material. Previamente,os bráquetes foram esterilizados em luz ultravioleta (UV). Após isso, foram imersosem meio mínimo essencial de Eagle (MEM) por 24 horas, onde então se procedeu a remoçãodo sobrenadante e a colocação em contato com fibroblastos L929. Avaliou-se a citotoxicidadeem quatro períodos (24, 48, 72 e 168 horas). Após contato com o meio, as células foramincubadas por mais 24 horas, onde então foram adicionados 100 ml do corante vermelho neutroa 0,01 %. Após isso foi realizada contagem de células viáveis em espectrofotômetro em umcomprimento de onda de 492 nm. Resultados: não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticasentre os grupos experimentais (1 e 2) com os grupos controle negativos e controle de célula(p ¼ 0,05). Conclusão: tanto os bráquetes cerâmicos quanto os metálicos não foram citotóxicosnos períodos de tempo avaliados.
Proposition: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity of metal andceramic brackets in different periods of time. Methods: we evaluated metal and ceramic bracketsof the same trademark (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CAl divided into two groups: 1) metallic (victorySeries); 2) ceramic (TranscendTM) conventional. Three control groups have been evaluated:positive control (C +) consisting of amalgam cylinders, nega tive control group (C-) consistingof glass rods and Cell Control Group (CC) consisting of cells not exposed to any material. Alibrackets were previously sterilized under ultra-violet light (UV) and, then, immersed in Eagle'sminimum essential media (MEM) for 24 hours, after which the supernatants were removedand placed into contact with L929 fibroblast cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated at 24, 48, 72and 168 hours. After contact with MEM, the cells were further incubated for 24 hours and100 ml of 0.01 % neutral red dye were added. After this period, the cells were fixed and viable cellcounting was performed by spectrophotometry at 492 nm wavelength. Results: Any statisticallysignificant difference was found between the experimental groups (1 and 2) and the nega tivecontrol and cell control groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: both the metal and ceramic bracketsare not cytotoxic in the time periods evaluated.
Assuntos
Fibroblastos , Teste de Materiais , Materiais Dentários/análise , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Braquetes Ortodônticos , Linhagem Celular , Ligas Metalo-CerâmicasRESUMO
The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity of orthodontic materials (brackets, wires, resin, elastomers and silver solder) using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism. The induction of cytotoxicity was assessed by two different tests using the wild-type S. cerevisiae strain FF18733: (1) direct exposure to orthodontic materials in YPD broth, and (2) exposure to artificial commercial saliva pre-treated with orthodontic materials. Only the silver solder was tested in mutant S. cerevisiae strains to investigate the origin of the observed cytotoxicity. Colony forming units per mL counts were carried out in all experiments and compared to controls to detect significant survival differences. The results showed that only the silver solder induced significant cytotoxicity, which might have occurred via oxidative stress, although this mechanism is not completely understood. Moreover, S. cerevisiae proved to be a reliable and useful model microorganism for evaluating the cytotoxicity of clinical materials.
Assuntos
Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Ortodontia , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/efeitos dos fármacos , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Resinas Compostas/toxicidade , Meios de Cultura , Enzimas Reparadoras do DNA/genética , Ligas Dentárias/toxicidade , Soldagem em Odontologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Elastômeros/toxicidade , Endodesoxirribonucleases/genética , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/metabolismo , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Viabilidade Microbiana/efeitos dos fármacos , Mutação/genética , Braquetes Ortodônticos , Fios Ortodônticos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Proteínas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Saliva Artificial/química , Prata/toxicidade , Aço Inoxidável/toxicidade , Superóxido Dismutase/genética , Superóxido Dismutase-1 , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Aim: To test the hypothesis that there is no difference in the cytotoxicity among natural latex elastics of different manufacturers using a L929 cell line culture. Methods: Different latex intra oral elastics (I.D. = 5/16", 4.5 oz.) were tested. The sample was divided into 7 groups of 15 elastic seach: Group AO (American Orthodontics), Group GAC (GAC International), Group TP (TP Orthodontics), Group AD (Aditek), Group AB (Abzil), Group MO (Morelli) and Group UN (Uniden).Cytotoxicity assays were performed by using cell culture medium containing L-929 line cells(mouse fibroblast). The cytotoxicity was evaluated by using the dye-uptake test, which wasemployed at two different moments (1 and 24 h). Data were compared by ANOVA and Tukeys test(P < 0.05). Results: The results showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) between all groups and the group CC (cell control) at 1 and 24 h. Groups AD, AB, MO and UN were noticeably more cytotoxic than the groups AO, GAC and TP at 1 h. After 24 h, a significant decrease in cell viability was observed in all groups. Conclusions: Intraoral elastics from American Orthodontics, GACand TP Orthodontics trademarks induced less cell lysis than Aditek, Abzil, Morelli and Uniden trademarks.
Assuntos
Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Látex/toxicidade , Aparelhos Ortodônticos , Análise de Variância , Materiais Biocompatíveis/toxicidade , Células Cultivadas , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Teste de Materiais , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Based in the premise that Ti-6Al-4V orthodontic mini-implants can release metal ions into the body fluids, this research is aimed assess the cytotoxic effect of orthodontic mini-implant on L929 fibroblast cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighteen orthodontic mini-implants made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy were divided into 6 groups: 1 (golden colour, SIN), 2 (silver colour, SIN), 3 (Neodent), 4 (INP), 5 (Mondeal), and 6 (Titanium Fix). The mini-implants were immersed into Eagles minimum essential medium for 24 hours, where supernatant removal and contact with L929 fibroblasts were performed. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in four different periods of time: 24, 48, 72, and 168 hours. After being in contact with the mini-implants immersed, the cells were incubated for further 24 hours and then 100 ml of 0.01% neutral-red staining solution were added. After this period of time, they were fixed and a spectrophotometer was used for counting the viable cells. RESULTS: After the 24 hours period, statistical differences were found by comparing groups 1 and 2 to groups 3,4,5, and C+ (p < 0.05). After the 48 hours period, groups 1 and 2 were shown to be statistically different in relation to groups 3, 4, and C+. After the 72 hours period, statistical differences were found only in group 1 compared to groups 4, 5, 6, CC, and C+ (p < 0.05). After 7 days, no statistical differences were found between the mini-implants. CONCLUSION: Although mini-implants are made of the same alloy, there are differences in their cytotoxicity because of the different concentrations of chemical elements used for manufacturing them.
OBJETIVO: Baseando-se na premissa de que mini-implantes ortodônticos podem liberar íons metálicos nos fluidos corporais, pesquisou-se o efeito citotóxico de mini-implantes ortodônticos em fibroblastos L929. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Dezoito mini-implantes ortodônticos confeccionados em liga Ti-6Al-4V foram divididos em seis grupos: 1 (dourados, SIN), 2 (prateados SIN), 3 (Neodent), 4 (INP), 5 (Mondeal) e 6 (Titanium Fix). Os mini-implantes foram imersos em meio mínimo essencial Eagle por 24 horas, onde efetuou-se remoção do supernadante e contato com fibroblastos L929. A citotoxicidade foi avaliada em 4 diferentes tempos: 24, 48, 72 e 168 horas. Após contato com os mini-implantes imersos, as células foram incubadas por mais 24 horas; então, 100 ml de solução corante neutra-vermelha foram adicionados. Após, foram fixadas e um espectrofotômetro foi usado para contar as células viáveis. RESULTADOS: Após o período de 23 horas, compararam-se os grupos 1 e 2 aos grupos 3, 4, 5 e C+. Após 72 horas, diferenças estatísticas foram encontradas somente no grupo 1, comparado aos grupos 4, 5, 6, CC e C+ (p < 0,05). Após 7 dias, não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os diversos mini-implantes.
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Ratos , Ligas/toxicidade , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica/métodos , Titânio/química , Titânio/toxicidade , Análise de Variância , Sobrevivência Celular , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a biocompatibilidade e a citotoxicidade do cimento Portland (CP) e do MTA quando aplicados em polpas de dentes humanos e em culturas de células. Para o estudo in vitro, foram selecionados 40 terceiros molares indicados para exodontia...
This study evaluate the biocompatibility of Portland cement (PC) and MTA applied in human dental pulps and cell cultures. in the in vivo study, forty human third molars that were scheduled for extraction were used...
Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis , Cavidade Pulpar/enzimologia , Cimentos Dentários/análise , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Cimentos de ResinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Separating elastics may be cytotoxic to the interdental gingival tissues. Both latex and non-latex separating elastics are widely used and both types should be biocompatible. OBJECTIVE: To determine if latex and non-latex orthodontic separating elastics are cytotoxic. METHODS: The cytotoxicity of natural latex (Groups A, D and O) and non-latex (Group M) orthodontic separating elastics were determined by incubating 15 elastics of each type in Eagle's essential medium (MEM), removing the supernatant after 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours and adding it to cultures of L-929 mouse fibroblasts in growth medium (MEM plus glutamine, garamicine, fungizone, sodium bicarbonate, buffered saline and foetal calf serum). To verify the cell response in extreme situations, three additional groups were included: Group CC (cell control), consisting of L-929 cells not exposed to supernatants from the maintenance medium with the elastics; Group C+ (positive control), consisting of Tween 80; Group C- (negative control), consisting of phosphate buffered saline solution. The positive and negative controls were incubated in MEM maintenance medium for 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours and the extracted elutes were added to L-929 line cells incubated in the growth medium. The viability of the cells was determined with neutral red (dye-uptake method) at 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours. The data were analysed with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's multiple comparison test. The significance level was p < or = 0.05. RESULTS: The elastics in Groups A, D and O induced greater cell lysis at 72 hours compared to the other experimental times. There were statistically significant differences between the cytotoxicity of the elastics in Groups A, D and O in relation to Group CC for experimental times of 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours (p > 0.05). There was not, however, a statistically significant difference between Groups D and CC at 24 hours. CONCLUSION: The latex and non-latex orthodontic separating elastics tested were considered to be biocompatible.
Assuntos
Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Elastômeros/toxicidade , Aparelhos Ortodônticos , Animais , Morte Celular , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Corantes , Meios de Cultivo Condicionados , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Látex/toxicidade , Teste de Materiais , Camundongos , Vermelho Neutro , Elastômeros de Silicone/toxicidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Ceramic brackets are chemically inert in the oral cavity, whereas polycarbonate and polyoxymethylene brackets can degrade and release bisphenol-A and formaldehyde, respectively. More reliable tests are needed to assess the potential toxicity of these materials. In addition to traditional cytotoxicity tests, the study of nitric oxide (NO) cellular production stimulated by a specific material has been shown to be a reliable tool for evaluating cytotoxic potential. The purpose of this study was to assess, with esthetic brackets, cellular viability by 3,(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo) in the macrophage cell line J774 stimulated with interferon gamma. Interferon gamma is a key cytokine in the activation of macrophages, plays an important role in immunologic processes, and also quantifies NO production by these macrophages. METHODS: Well plates were seeded with 2 x 104 J774 cells per well, in a volume of 100 microL, resuspended in Roswell Park Memorial Institute Supplemented Medium 1640. The macrophage cell line J774 was stimulated with interferon gamma. Ceramic, polycarbonate, and polyoxymethylene brackets were added and kept in the culture for 24, 48, or 72 hours in 5% carbon dioxide at 37 degrees C; the control samples did not include brackets. At the end of each incubation period, the supernatant was collected for posterior NO quantification, and the cells were evaluated for cytotoxicity. RESULTS: Cellular viability in all groups was higher at 72 hours than at 24 hours. The final means in the bracket groups did not show significant differences compared with the control group. NO production was significantly greater in all groups at the final time than at the initial time. However, the brackets with the interferon gamma stimulation did not result in greater NO production than did the cells in the control group.
Assuntos
Cerâmica/toxicidade , Materiais Dentários/toxicidade , Interferon gama/farmacologia , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Braquetes Ortodônticos , Cimento de Policarboxilato/toxicidade , Resinas Sintéticas/toxicidade , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Corantes , Ativação de Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/citologia , Teste de Materiais , Camundongos , Óxido Nítrico/análise , Temperatura , Sais de Tetrazólio , Tiazóis , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Studies show that ceramic brackets are chemically inert in the oral cavity, whereas polycarbonate and polyoxymethylene brackets can degrade, releasing bisphenol-A and formaldehyde, respectively. In addition to the traditional cytotoxicity tests, the study of nitric oxide cellular production stimulated by a specific material has been shown to be a reliable tool for evaluating its cytotoxic potential. METHODS: We aimed to assess cellular viability by MTT (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo): 3,(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay in a murine macrophage cell line J774 with esthetic brackets and quantify nitric oxide production by these macrophages. Cell cultures were evaluated at 3 times: 24, 48, and 72 hours. RESULTS: Cellular viability in all groups was higher at 72 hours compared with 24 hours. This increase was significant in the control and ceramic brackets groups. Final means in the bracket groups showed no significant differences compared with the control group. Nitric oxide production was significantly greater in all groups at final time. There was no significant difference between the final means of the bracket groups and the control group, although polyoxymethylene brackets showed significantly greater means at 24 and 48 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Final means in the bracket groups showed no significant differences compared with the control group.