RESUMO
Strategies aimed at improving spinal cord regeneration after trauma are still challenging neurologists andneuroscientists throughout the world. Many cell-based therapies have been tested, with limited success in termsof functional outcome. In this study, we investigated the effects of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) in a mousemodel of compressive spinal cord injury (SCI). These cells present some advantages, such as the ease of theextraction process, and expression of trophic factors and embryonic markers from both ecto-mesenchymal andmesenchymal components. Young adult female C57/BL6 mice were subjected to laminectomy at T9 andcompression of the spinal cord with a vascular clip for 1 min. The cells were transplanted 7 days or 28 days afterthe lesion, in order to compare the recovery when treatment is applied in a subacute or chronic phase. Weperformed quantitative analyses of white-matter preservation, trophic-factor expression and quantification, andultrastructural and functional analysis. Our results for the HDPC-transplanted animals showed better whitematterpreservation than the DMEM groups, higher levels of trophic-factor expression in the tissue, better tissueorganization, and the presence of many axons being myelinated by either Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes, inaddition to the presence of some healthy-appearing intact neurons with synapse contacts on their cell bodies. Wealso demonstrated that HDPCs were able to express some glial markers such as GFAP and S-100. The functionalanalysis also showed locomotor improvement in these animals. Based on these findings, we propose that HDPCsmay be feasible candidates for therapeutic intervention after SCI and central nervous system disorders inhumans.
Assuntos
Ratos , Laminectomia/métodos , Laminectomia/reabilitação , Neuroglia/fisiologia , Polpa Dentária/transplante , Receptores de Fatores de Crescimento , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/reabilitação , Células de Schwann , Microscopia Eletrônica/métodos , Terapia Baseada em Transplante de Células e Tecidos/métodosRESUMO
Se presenta una serie de 47 pacientes con mielomeningocele operados en 1985. De ellos el 91% presenta Arnold-Chiari II radiológico y el 19% Chiari sintomático en donde destaca la parálisis de la deglución, estridor laríngeo, bronconeumonías a repetición y la crisis de apnea. Todos fueron tratados en primera instancia con válvula derivativa ventrículo peritoneal, observando regresión del cuadro clínico en 5 de ellos, 3 permanecen igual y uno empeora. Los cuatro pacientes que no mejoran con la válvula se someten a laminectomía cervical, observando mejoría parcial, sin embargo, a largo plazo tres fallecen por bronconeumonia y el cuarto se desconoce su evolución. Se concluye en la necesidad de realizar la descompresiva cervical precoz en aquellos pacientes que permanecen sintomáticos después de la válvula, con el fin de mejorar el pronóstico del cuadro