RESUMO
The antibiotic susceptibility profile and antimicrobial resistance determinants were characterized on Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) isolated from Algerian hospital effluents. Among the 94 isolates, Enterobacteriaceae was the predominant family, with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most isolated species. In non-Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter and Aeromonas were the predominant species followed by Pseudomonas, Comamonas, Pasteurella, and Shewanella spp. The majority of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and carried different antimicrobial resistance genes including blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA-48-like, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-51, qnrB, qnrS, tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), dfrA1, aac(3)-IIc (aacC2), aac(6')-1b, sul1, and sul2. The qacEΔ1-sul1 and intI2 signatures of class 1 and class 2 integrons, respectively, were also detected. Microarray hybridization on MDR E. coli revealed additional resistance genes (aadA1 and aph3strA, tet30, mphA, dfrA12, blacmy2, blaROB1, and cmlA1) and classified the tested strains as commensals, thus highlighting the potential role of humans in antibiotic resistance dissemination. This study is the first report of blaOXA-48-like in Klebsiella oxytoca in Algeria and blaOXA-23 in A. baumannii in Algerian hospital effluents. The presence of these bacteria and resistance genes in hospital effluents represents a serious public health concern since they can be disseminated in the environment and can colonize other hosts.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/isolamento & purificação , Esgotos/microbiologia , Argélia , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/classificação , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/genética , Hospitais , Humanos , Klebsiella oxytoca/classificação , Klebsiella oxytoca/efeitos dos fármacos , Klebsiella oxytoca/genética , Klebsiella oxytoca/isolamento & purificação , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , beta-Lactamases/genética , beta-Lactamases/metabolismoRESUMO
We describe a Klebsiella oxytoca infection outbreak in a renal transplant unit that involved seven patients. All strains belonged to a single pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern and were resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and aztreonam but susceptible to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime, and imipenem. Chromosomal beta-lactamase hyperproduction was caused by a point mutation in the bla(OXY-2) gene promoter region.