RESUMO
Spinetails are a suboscine passerines of the genus Synallaxis Vieillot, 1818 which have great interest for ornithology, given the wide diversity of 37 species that are distributed throughout the Neotropical region. Despite this wide diversity and distribution, Synallaxis spp. have never been recorded as hosts of coccidian parasites. In this context, the current study describes a new species of Isospora Schneider, 1881 from rufous-capped spinetails Synallaxis ruficapilla Vieillot, 1819 captured in the Itatiaia National Park, which is a federal conservation unit in Southeastern Brazil. The oocysts of Isospora pichororei Genovez-Oliveira & Berto n. sp. are subspheroidal to ovoidal, measuring on average 25 by 21 µm. Micropyle is present, but discrete. Oocyst residuum absent, but one or two polar granules are present. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal with slightly pointed posterior end, measuring on average 17 by 10 µm. Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies are present. Sporocyst residuum is clustered among the vermiform sporozoites, which have striations, refractile bodies and nucleus. This morphology was different from the other Isospora spp. recorded in the host family Furnariidae. Molecular identification was targeted by the amplification and sequencing of a locus of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. This sequence had the highest similarity of 99.5% with a sequence deposited for Isospora oliveirai Ortúzar-Ferreira & Berto, 2020, which is a coccidian species that parasitizes suboscine tityrids Schiffornis virescens (Lafresnaye, 1838), also in the Itatiaia National Park. Phylogenetic analysis grouped some species in subclades, including I. pichororei with I. oliveirai; however, it was inconclusive in an expectation of parasite-host coevolution. Finally, I. pichororei is established as new to science, being the first description from Synallaxinae and the third description from Furnariidae. Furthermore, this is the first Isospora sp. from the host family Furnariidae to have a molecular supplementation by sequencing a locus of the cox1 gene of the mitochondrial genome.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves , Isospora , Isosporíase , Oocistos , Passeriformes , Animais , Isospora/classificação , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isospora/genética , Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isosporíase/veterinária , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Brasil , Passeriformes/parasitologia , FilogeniaRESUMO
Pathogens have traditionally been studied in isolation within host systems; yet in natural settings they frequently coexist. This raises questions about the dynamics of co-infections and how host life-history traits might predict co-infection versus single infection. To address these questions, we investigated the presence of two parasites, a gut parasite (Isospora coccidians) and a blood parasite (Plasmodium spp.), in House Finches (Haemorhous mexicanus), a common passerine bird in North America. We then correlated these parasitic infections with various health and condition metrics, including hematological parameters, plasma carotenoids, lipid-soluble vitamins, blood glucose concentration, body condition, and prior disease history. Our study, based on 48 birds captured in Tempe, Arizona, US, in October 2021, revealed that co-infected birds exhibited elevated circulating lutein levels and a higher heterophil:lymphocyte ratio (H/L ratio) compared to those solely infected with coccidia Isospora spp. This suggests that co-infected birds experience heightened stress and may use lutein to bolster immunity against both pathogens, and that there are potentially toxic effects of lutein in co-infected birds compared to those infected solely with coccidia Isospora sp. Our findings underscore the synergistic impact of coparasitism, emphasizing the need for more co-infection studies to enhance our understanding of disease dynamics in nature, as well as its implications for wildlife health and conservation efforts.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves , Coccidiose , Coinfecção , Tentilhões , Isospora , Malária Aviária , Plasmodium , Animais , Tentilhões/parasitologia , Coinfecção/veterinária , Coinfecção/parasitologia , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Malária Aviária/epidemiologia , Malária Aviária/parasitologia , Malária Aviária/sangue , Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Doenças das Aves/sangue , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Coccidiose/veterinária , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Plasmodium/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Arizona/epidemiologia , Masculino , FemininoRESUMO
Woodcreepers are passerines of the family Dendrocolaptidae, which have a high forest dependency. The current work aimed to redescribe Isospora striata McQuistion et al. 1997, from two new hosts in protected areas in Brazil, revealing new localities of parasitism, in addition to providing preliminary genotypic identifications via sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene from both host species. Isospora striata has oocysts that are subspheroidal to ovoidal, 19.4 × 16.8 µm with smooth wall. Oocyst residuum is absent, but micropyle and polar granules are present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 13.6 × 8.3 µm, with both Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies. Sporocyst residuum is present and sporozoites with refractile body, nucleus, and striations. The morphological study and the 100% similarity in sequencing of the COI gene between samples of different dendrocolaptid species confirmed the identification of a single species, supporting the identification of I. striata in the Brazilian Atlantic forest and consequently the wide distribution of this coccidian species in the Neotropical Region.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/fisiologia , Isosporíase/veterinária , Passeriformes/parasitologia , Animais , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , DNA de Protozoário/química , Isospora/classificação , Isospora/genética , Isospora/ultraestrutura , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Oocistos/citologia , Filogenia , Prevalência , Análise de Sequência de DNA/veterinária , Esporozoítos/citologiaRESUMO
In the current work, Isospora massardi Lopes, Berto, Luz, Galvão, Ferreira & Lopes, [10] is identified from white-necked thrushes Turdus albicollis Vieillot, 1818, rufous-bellied thrushes Turdus rufiventris Vieillot, 1818 and from a new host, the yellow-legged thrush Turdus flavipes (Vieillot, 1818) in a new locality, the Itatiaia National Park, in Southeastern Brazil, providing a preliminary genotypic characterization via sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA genes. The oocysts and sporocysts of I. massardi of the current study are morphologically similar to the original description and are uniform in the proportionality of width on length, but exhibited different patterns of size associated with each host species. Furthermore, a genotypic difference of 3% was found in the COI sequences from T. flavipes and T. albicollis. Therefore, an ecological discussion is introduced aimed at associating these morphometric and genotypic differences with an ongoing speciation process.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Animais , Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Isospora/citologia , Isospora/genética , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Oocistos/citologia , Oocistos/genética , Oocistos/isolamento & purificação , Prevalência , Aves CanorasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The gnateaters Conopophaga spp. are insectivorous passerines commonly observed in high and humid forests, where they remain lodged in thin branches and, sometimes, they fly to the ground to catch insects. The insectivorous feeding habit is related to low prevalence and density of coccidians in passerines; however, several coccidian species are recorded for families of insectivorous passerines. PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the feces from gnateaters Conopophaga spp. captured in the municipality of Barra Mansa and in the Itatiaia National Park, State of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil, to determine what coccidian parasites were present. METHODS: Nine gnateaters were captured with mist nets. Coccidian oocysts were recovered from the fecal samples by flotation in Sheather's saturated solution. Morphological observations, line drawings, photomicrographs and measurements were made in optical microscopy and digitally edited. The molecular analysis included the study of the sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene, with phylogenetic reconstructions based on the neighbor-joining and maximum likelihood analysis. RESULTS: Four Conopophaga spp. were positive for oocysts. An Isospora sp. considered as new to science is described and identified from Conopophaga melanops (Vieillot, 1818) and Conopophaga lineata (Wied, 1831). Isospora borbai n. sp. has oocysts that are subspheroidal, 17-22 × 15-22 (20.2 × 19.1) µm, with rough, bilayered wall, c.1.7 µm thick. Micropyle present, but without micropyle cap. Oocyst residuum absent, but one or two polar granules are present. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal, 12-15 × 8-11 (14.1 × 9.1) µm. The Stieda body is knob-like to half-moon-shaped and sub-Stieda body is rounded. Sporocyst residuum is present, composed of scattered spherules of different sizes. Sporozoites are vermiform with refractile body and nucleus. Molecular analysis at the cox1 gene exhibited similarity greater than 99% with Isospora spp. isolates from other Neotropical passerine birds. CONCLUSION: Based on the morphological and molecular features, I. borbai is considered as new to science and the first coccidian species recorded from Conopophagidae.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Passeriformes/parasitologia , Animais , Complexo IV da Cadeia de Transporte de Elétrons/genética , Fezes/parasitologia , Isospora/classificação , Isospora/genética , Isospora/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Oocistos/genética , Oocistos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Filogenia , Proteínas de Protozoários/genética , América do SulRESUMO
Cystoisospora belli infection manifests as diarrhea, and can potentially progress to malabsorption in HIV patients. Here, we report a case of C. belli infection in an HIV/AIDS patient with chronic diarrhea symptoms for at least 2 years. Coproscopic analyses based on direct technique and modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique without a commercial kit were performed. The current case report highlights the protocol to be adopted in coproscopic analyses applied to HIV patients. The importance of including the appropriate parasitological testing of patients with chronic intestinal isosporiasis in parasitological test routines must be considered.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/parasitologia , Diarreia/parasitologia , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Adulto , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Isospora/classificação , Isosporíase/diagnósticoRESUMO
A isosporose é uma enfermidade parasitária que acomete várias espécies animais. A sua patogenicidade é variável, sendo dependente do estado imunológico do animal. Objetivou-se relatar um caso de isosporose em um filhote de felino. Uma fêmea de 3 meses foi atendida com um quadro de diarreia e leve desidratação. Após ao exame físico, associado a anamnese, foi solicitado um parasitológico de fezes. O resultado do exame mostrou a presença de oocistos de Isospora, diagnosticando-se isosporose. Conclui-se que o exame parasitológico de fezes foi essencial para o diagnóstico precoce. A isosporose induziu alterações clínicas que não comprometeram o bem-estar do animal.
Isosporosis is a parasitic disease that affects several animal species. Its pathogenicity is variable, depending on the animal's immune status. The objective of this study was to report a case of isosporosis in a feline cub. A 3- month-old female was treated with diarrhea and mild dehydration. After the physical examination, associated with anamnesis, a stool parasitology was requested. The result of the examination showed the presence of Isospora oocysts, diagnosing isosporosis. It was concluded that parasitological examination of feces was essential for early diagnosis. Isosporosis induced clinical changes that did not compromise the animal's wellbeing.
Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Isospora/parasitologia , Isosporíase/diagnóstico , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Isosporíase/veterináriaRESUMO
A isosporose é uma enfermidade parasitária que acomete várias espécies animais. A sua patogenicidade é variável, sendo dependente do estado imunológico do animal. Objetivou-se relatar um caso de isosporose em um filhote de felino. Uma fêmea de 3 meses foi atendida com um quadro de diarreia e leve desidratação. Após ao exame físico, associado a anamnese, foi solicitado um parasitológico de fezes. O resultado do exame mostrou a presença de oocistos de Isospora, diagnosticando-se isosporose. Conclui-se que o exame parasitológico de fezes foi essencial para o diagnóstico precoce. A isosporose induziu alterações clínicas que não comprometeram o bem-estar do animal.(AU)
Isosporosis is a parasitic disease that affects several animal species. Its pathogenicity is variable, depending on the animal's immune status. The objective of this study was to report a case of isosporosis in a feline cub. A 3- month-old female was treated with diarrhea and mild dehydration. After the physical examination, associated with anamnesis, a stool parasitology was requested. The result of the examination showed the presence of Isospora oocysts, diagnosing isosporosis. It was concluded that parasitological examination of feces was essential for early diagnosis. Isosporosis induced clinical changes that did not compromise the animal's wellbeing.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Isospora/parasitologia , Isosporíase/diagnóstico , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Isosporíase/veterináriaRESUMO
Abstract Cystoisospora belli infection manifests as diarrhea, and can potentially progress to malabsorption in HIV patients. Here, we report a case of C. belli infection in an HIV/AIDS patient with chronic diarrhea symptoms for at least 2 years. Coproscopic analyses based on direct technique and modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique without a commercial kit were performed. The current case report highlights the protocol to be adopted in coproscopic analyses applied to HIV patients. The importance of including the appropriate parasitological testing of patients with chronic intestinal isosporiasis in parasitological test routines must be considered.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/parasitologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Diarreia/parasitologia , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Doença Crônica , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Isosporíase/diagnóstico , Isospora/classificaçãoRESUMO
In the current study, Isospora sagittulae McQuistion and Capparella, 1992 (Protozoa: Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) is reported from white-shouldered fire-eyes Pyriglena leucoptera (Vieillot, 1818) in the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. To date, this coccidian species was described from antbirds in Ecuador and Brazilian Amazon. In this sense, oocysts and measurements of the description of I. sagittulae from Amazonian antbirds were required from the deposit for comparison between samples from the Amazon and Atlantic Forest. The morphology was similar in all aspects, despite the polymorphism associated with the oocyst shape. DNA sequences for the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) locus of the oocysts had similarity of 100%. Therefore, these strong morphological, molecular, and ecological equivalences ensure the unique identification of I. sagittulae. Finally, this finding reveals the wide distribution of I. sagittulae in the Neotropical region and indicates that other antbirds in the Brazilian Cerrado should disperse I. sagittulae to the Amazon and Atlantic Forest.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/classificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Animais , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Equador/epidemiologia , Florestas , Geografia , Isospora/genética , Isospora/fisiologia , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Oocistos , Passeriformes , FilogeniaRESUMO
Systemic isosporosis, also called atoxoplasmosis or visceral coccidiosis, is a disease that affects birds in general. Pathogenesis of systemic isosporosis and its etiologic agent have not been well characterized, but taxonomically Atoxoplasma is currently considered a junior objective synonym of Isospora. The present report aimed to describe pathological and molecular findings of systemic isosporosis in captive green-winged saltators (Saltator similis) from the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. In a commercial breeding facility eleven birds with two to nine months of age died from 2015 to 2016. These birds developed nonspecific clinical signs, including bristly feathers, hyporexia, loss of weight, and apathy. Two birds were necropsied, and grossly there were hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, necrosis of lymphoid follicles, hepatic necrosis, and severe enteritis. Merozoites were observed in the heart, small intestine, proventriculus, brain, liver, spleen, and kidneys. 23â¯S RNA PCR amplicons from DNA extracted from the liver and the intestinal contents had 99% identity with Atoxoplasma sp., whereas amplicons of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1â¯haâ¯d 97% identity with Isospora greineri. In conclusion, this report indicates that systemic isosporosis in green-winged saltator is a disease that affects the spleen, liver, and small intestine, with high mortality for young birds, resulting in significant loses to commercial breeding facilities.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/patologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Eimeriidae/isolamento & purificação , Aves Canoras , Animais , Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Brasil , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Coccidiose/patologia , Eimeriidae/genética , Isospora/genética , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Isosporíase/patologia , Isosporíase/veterinária , Filogenia , RNA de Protozoário/genética , RNA Ribossômico 23S/genéticaAssuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Biópsia , Criança , Chile , Duodeno/parasitologia , Feminino , Humanos , Mucosa Intestinal/parasitologia , Isospora/citologia , Isosporíase/complicações , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Masculino , Merozoítos/citologia , Merozoítos/isolamento & purificação , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esporozoítos/citologia , Esporozoítos/isolamento & purificação , Vacúolos/parasitologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Despite 12 coccidian species had been recorded from passerines of the Thraupidae family, none of them has been reported in the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, in Southeastern Brazil. This locality is a protected area with a high degree of vulnerability, and is considered a "conservation island" of biodiversity. The aim of the current work was describe Isospora ramphoceli Berto, Flausino, Luz, Ferreira, Lopes, 2010 from ruby-crowned tanagers Tachyphonus coronatus Vieillot, 1822 in the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia. The oocysts of I. ramphoceli are subspheroidal, 23.1 × 22.1 µm, with smooth, bilayered wall. Micropyle, oocyst residuum and polar granule are absent. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal or ovoidal, 16.2 × 10.8 µm. Stieda body is knob-like and substieda body is large and homogeneous. Sporocyst residuum is composed of many scattered granules. Sporozoites are vermiform with a posterior refractile body and a nucleus. In addition to new locality, this is the first description of I. ramphoceli from T. coronatus.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/classificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Passeriformes/parasitologia , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologiaRESUMO
A new coccidian species (Protozoa: Apicomplexa: Isospora) is described parasitizing white-necked thrushes Turdus albicollis Vieillot, 1818; rufous-bellied thrushes Turdus rufiventris Vieillot, 1818; pale-breasted thrushes Turdus leucomelas Vieillot, 1818; and yellow-legged thrushes Turdus flavipes Vieillot, 1818 from 3 different localities in Brazil. Isospora sabiai n. sp. has oocysts that are subspherical to ellipsoidal, 20.9 × 18.6 µm, with smooth, delicate, bilayered wall, â¼1.1 µm thick. Micropyle inconspicuous or imperceptible. Oocyst residuum absent, but small polar granules rounded or comma-shaped are present. Sporocysts are elongate ellipsoidal to reniform, 16.5 × 9.2 µm. The Stieda body is knob-like. Sub-Stieda body rounded to conical, sometimes homogeneous with the Stieda body. Sporocyst residuum is present, usually as a cluster of numerous granules. Sporozoites are vermiform with 2 refractile bodies. The oocysts and sporocysts of I. sabiai n. sp. are uniform in the proportionality of width on length, but exhibited different patterns of size associated with each host species; therefore, an ecological discussion is introduced aimed at associating these morphometrical patterns of the oocysts with the habits of the different species of thrushes. This is the seventh isosporoid coccidian reported from New World turdids.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/classificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Aves Canoras/parasitologia , Animais , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Ilhas/epidemiologia , Isospora/fisiologia , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Modelos Lineares , PrevalênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Diarrhea in piglets directly affects commercial swine production. The disease results from the interaction of pathogens with the host immune system and is also affected by management procedures. Several pathogenic agents such as Campylobacter spp., Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., group A rotavirus (RV-A), coronaviruses (transmissible gastroenteritis virus; porcine epidemic diarrhea virus), as well as nematode and protozoan parasites, can be associated with disease cases. RESULTS: All bacterial, viral, protozoan, and parasitic agents here investigated, with the exception of Salmonella spp. as well as both coronaviruses, were detected in varying proportions in piglet fecal samples, and positive animals were equally distributed between case and control groups. A statistically significant difference between case and control groups was found only for Cystoisospora suis (p = 0.034) and Eimeria spp. (p = 0.047). When co-infections were evaluated, a statistically significant difference was found only for C. perfringens ß2 and C. suis (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of pathogens in piglets alone does not determine the occurrence of diarrhea episodes. Thus, the indiscriminate use of antibiotic and anthelminthic medication should be re-evaluated. This study also reinforces the importance of laboratory diagnosis and correct interpretation of results as well as the relevance of control and prophylactic measures.
Assuntos
Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Coccidiose/veterinária , Infecções por Coronavirus/veterinária , Diarreia/veterinária , Isosporíase/veterinária , Infecções por Rotavirus/veterinária , Infecções por Strongylida/veterinária , Doenças dos Suínos/diagnóstico , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Campylobacter/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Campylobacter/diagnóstico , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Coccidiose/diagnóstico , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Coinfecção , Coronavirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Diarreia/microbiologia , Diarreia/parasitologia , Diarreia/virologia , Eimeria/isolamento & purificação , Fezes/microbiologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Fezes/virologia , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/diagnóstico , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Rotavirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Rotavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Rotavirus/virologia , Estrongilídios/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Strongylida/diagnóstico , Infecções por Strongylida/parasitologia , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/parasitologia , Doenças dos Suínos/virologiaRESUMO
A new coccidian species (Protozoa: Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) are reported from the white-necked thrush Turdus albicollis Vieillot, 1818, a very common species in South America. Isospora massardi sp. nov. oocysts are subspherical, 18.6 × 17.7 µm, with smooth, bilayered wall, ~0.9 µm. Micropyle, oocyst residuum are absent, but two polar granules are frequently present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 14.8 × 9.3 µm. Stieda body is knob-like to rounded and substieda body is rounded. Sporocyst residuum is composed of scattered spherules of different sizes. Sporozoites are vermiform with posterior and anterior refractile bodies and a nucleus. This is the sixth description of an isosporoid coccidium infecting a New World turdid bird.
Assuntos
Isospora/classificação , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Aves Canoras/parasitologia , Animais , Brasil , Isospora/citologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , MicroscopiaRESUMO
Five of 16 (31%) rufous-capped warblers (Basileuterus rufifrons) and 2 of 5 (40%) ovenbirds ( Seiurus aurocapilla ) sampled from Costa Rica were positive for a novel species of Isospora. Oocysts have a thin, smooth, double-layered, colorless wall and measure 22.3 µm ± 1.6 µm × 24.3 µm ± 1.5 µm (19-25 µm × 21-28 µm) with an average length-width (L/W) ratio of 1.0 (1-1.3). Oocyst residuum and micropyle are absent, but 0-4 spherical to cigar-shaped polar granules (1-2.5 µm) are present. Sporocysts are ovoid and measure 11.8 µm ± 0.9 µm × 16 µm ± 1.7 µm (10-14 µm × 12-19 µm) with an average L/W ratio of 1.6 (1.0-1.9). A knob-like Stieda body continuous with the sporocyst wall and a trapezoidal compartmentalized substieda body are present. Each sporocyst contained 4 sporozoites and a diffuse sporocyst residuum consisting of many variable-sized granules, some as large as 2 µm. This is the second description of an Isospora species in New World warblers (Passeriformes: Parulidae) and the first report of Isospora from both the rufous-capped warbler and ovenbird.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Aves Canoras/parasitologia , Animais , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Costa Rica/epidemiologia , Ecossistema , Isospora/classificação , Isospora/ultraestrutura , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Oocistos/ultraestrutura , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Seven thrush species (Turdidae) from Costa Rica were examined for intestinal parasites; 21 of the 84 (25%) birds sampled were positive for a new species of Isospora. Oocysts of Isospora zorzali n. sp. have thin, smooth, double, and colorless walls; they measure 19.7 ± 1.5 µm × 18.6 ± 1.4 µm (16-24 µm × 15-21 µm), with an average length-width ratio of 1.1 µm. Sporocysts are ovoid, measure 8.5 ± 1.1 µm × 14.5 ± 1.7 µm (7-11 µm × 11-18 µm) with an average length-width ratio of 1.7 µm. A nipple-like stieda body continuous with the sporocyst wall is present, but no substieda body was observed. A sporocyst residuum consisting of large equal sized granules was observed either clumped together or diffusely. The sporocysts fill the entire oocysts with little to no open space observed. This is the first report of Isospora species from any of the sampled host species and also the first report from any species of thrush in Costa Rica.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/classificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Aves Canoras/parasitologia , Animais , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Costa Rica/epidemiologia , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isospora/ultraestrutura , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Nineteen (91%) of 21 rufous-and-white wrens (Thryothorus rufalbus) and five (71%) of seven plain wrens (Cantorchilus modestus) sampled from Costa Rica were positive for a new species of Isospora. Oocysts have a thin, smooth, double, colorless wall and measure 20.1 ± 1.4 × 23.4 ± 1.5 µm (18-24 × 20-26 µm) with an average length-width ratio of 1.2 µm. Sporocysts are ovoid, measure 9.5 ± 0.9 × 15.5 ± 1.1 µm (7-12 × 12-18 µm) with an average length-width ratio of 1.6 µm. A nipple-like steida body continuous with the sporocyst wall and a prominent oval-shaped substeida body are present. In addition to the four sporozoites, a single compact sporocyst residuum was present in each sporocyst. This is the first description of an Isospora species from the family Troglodytidae and the first report of Isospora from the rufous-and-white wren and plain wren.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/classificação , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Aves Canoras/parasitologia , Animais , Costa Rica , Isospora/citologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Microscopia , Oocistos/citologiaRESUMO
A new coccidian species (Protozoa: Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) is reported from the endangered yellow cardinal Gubernatrix cristata (Vieillot) in southern Brazil. Isospora bocamontensis n. sp. has oöcysts which are subspheroidal, measure 32.1 × 28.9 µm and have a smooth, bilayered wall c.1.5 µm thick. The micropyle and the oöcyst residuum are absent, but a polar granule is sometimes present. Its sporocysts are ellipsoidal and 17.3 × 12.2 µm in size and contain a half-moon-shaped Stieda body, a prominent, homogeneous substieda body; and a sporocyst residuum composed of a compact mass of granules. The sporozoites have one refractile body and a nucleus.