Assuntos
Polineuropatias/diagnóstico , Polineuropatias/epidemiologia , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/diagnóstico , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Vírus Chikungunya , Vírus da Dengue , Surtos de Doenças , Humanos , Polineuropatias/terapia , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/terapia , Zika virusRESUMO
The Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, is the most important shrimp species in volume in world aquaculture. However, in recent decades, outbreaks of diseases, especially viral diseases, have led to significant economic losses, threatening the sustainability of shrimp farming worldwide. In 2004, Brazilian shrimp farming was seriously affected by a new disease caused by the Infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). Thus, disease control based on rapid and sensitive pathogen detection methods has become a priority. In this study, a specific quantitation method for IMNV was developed using real-time PCR with SYBR Green chemistry and viral load of the principal target tissues of chronically infected animals was quantified. The quantitative analysis revealed that mean viral load ranged from 5.08×10(8) to 1.33×10(6)copies/µg of total RNA in the hemolymph, 5.096×10(5) to 1.26×10(3)copies/µg in the pleopods, 6.85×10(8) to 3.09×10(4)copies/µg in muscle and 8.15×10(6) to 3.90×10(3)copies/µg in gills. Different viral loads of IMNV were found with greater values in the hemolymph and muscle, followed by the pleopods and gills.
Assuntos
Corantes Fluorescentes , Penaeidae/virologia , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/veterinária , Vírus de RNA/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/métodos , Actinas/genética , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Clonagem Molecular , Vetores Genéticos/genética , Vetores Genéticos/metabolismo , Brânquias/virologia , Hemolinfa/virologia , Músculos/virologia , Penaeidae/genética , Plasmídeos/genética , Plasmídeos/metabolismo , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/diagnóstico , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/epidemiologia , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/virologia , Vírus de RNA/genética , Vírus de RNA/patogenicidade , RNA Viral/análise , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Carga ViralRESUMO
The molecular characterization of partial- length genomic segment 2 of porcine picobirnavirus (PBV) strains and the development of a specific reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay for detection of virus in feces are reported. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the studied porcine isolates were more closely related (>85% identity) to human PBV belonging to genogroup I than to the other porcine PBV described so far. Analysis by RT-PCR and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of fecal samples collected in Venezuela and Argentina showed that PBV circulate at high frequencies in piglets.
Assuntos
Picobirnavirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/métodos , Doenças dos Suínos/virologia , Animais , Argentina , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Fezes/virologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Picobirnavirus/genética , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/virologia , RNA Viral/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de Sequência , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/diagnóstico , VenezuelaRESUMO
To evaluate the prevalence of enteric viruses and their possible association with diarrhea, 244 stool samples were collected from HIV-infected and uninfected patients with or without diarrhea (subgroups I-a, Ib, II-a, and II-b, respectively). Subjects were screened by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, latex agglutination, and enzyme immunoassays for rotaviruses, adenoviruses, picobirnaviruses, and astroviruses. Enteric viruses were found significantly more often in specimens from HIV patients (20%) than in specimens from uninfected HIV patients (0%) (p < 0.05). Picobirnavirus was detected in 14.63% of 82 HIV-infected patients with diarrhea, but it was detected neither in those without diarrhea (0%) (p < 0.05) nor in the groups of uninfected HIV subjects (0%) (p < 0.05). Nor could astrovirus (subgroups I-a [4.00%] versus subgroup I-b [5.26%],p > 0.05) or enteric adenovirus (subgroup I-a [1.22%] versus subgroup I-b [0%], p > 0.05) be linked to the diarrhea disorder in HIV-infected patients. Rotaviruses were not detected in any of the clinical subgroups studied. Enteric viruses were detected in 15 of 93 (16.13%) of the HIV-infected patients with CD4+ T cell count <200/microl and 3 of 19 (15.79%) of those HIV-infected individuals with a CD4+ T cell count 200-499/microl, showing no significant difference (p > 0.05). According to our data, unusual enteric viruses such as picobirnavirus, astrovirus, and enteric adenovirus occur in HIV-infected population in Córdoba, Argentina. However, only picobirnaviruses could be significantly associated with diarrhea in these patients.