RESUMO
Capillaria spp. infections of the urinary tract of domestic carnivores are uncommon worldwide. Infections are rarely diagnosed and are typically asymptomatic. This study aimed to evaluate a case of capillariosis in a cat from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A seven-year-old female cat with apathy and reduced appetite was presented. Urine analysis revealed C. plica eggs in urine sediment, and cystitis was evidenced by the presence of bacteria, pyuria, proteinuria and hematuria. The subject was treated with 50â¯mg/kg fenbendazole for five days. Urine samples were frozen for molecular analysis and species confirmation. Polymerase chain reaction for amplification of the 18S rRNA gene followed by sequencing confirmed the occurrence of Capillaria sp. There has been limited phylogenetic study of Capillaria spp. in cats, so further studies are needed to identify the species present in different locations and associated with feline pathogenesis.
Assuntos
Capillaria/isolamento & purificação , Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico , Infecções por Enoplida/veterinária , Infecções Urinárias/veterinária , Animais , Antinematódeos/uso terapêutico , Brasil , Doenças do Gato/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças do Gato/parasitologia , Gatos , Infecções por Enoplida/diagnóstico , Infecções por Enoplida/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Enoplida/parasitologia , Feminino , Fenbendazol/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Urinárias/parasitologiaRESUMO
Capillaria hepatica causes two main lesions in the liver of rats: multifocal chronic inflammation, directly related to the presence of disintegrating parasites and their eggs, and a process of systematized septal fibrosis. The comparative behavior of these two lesions was investigated in rats experimentally infected with 600 embryonated eggs, following either corticosteroid treatment or specific antigenic stimulation, in an attempt to understand the relationship between these two lesions, and the pathogenesis of septal fibrosis. The two treatments differently modified the morphological aspects of the focal parasitic-related lesions, but did not interfere with the presentation of diffuse septal fibrosis, although a mild decrease in the degree of fibrosis occurred in corticoid-treated animals. These findings indicate that although the two lesions are C. hepatica induced, they are under different pathogenetic control, the induction of septal fibrosis being triggered during early infection to follow an independent pathway.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Ratos , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Antígenos de Helmintos/administração & dosagem , Capillaria/imunologia , Infecções por Enoplida/parasitologia , Cirrose Hepática Experimental/parasitologia , Doença Crônica , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Infecções por Enoplida/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Enoplida/imunologia , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Hidroxiprolina/análise , Cirrose Hepática Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Cirrose Hepática Experimental/imunologia , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Ratos Wistar , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
Capillaria hepatica causes two main lesions in the liver of rats: multifocal chronic inflammation, directly related to the presence of disintegrating parasites and their eggs, and a process of systematized septal fibrosis. The comparative behavior of these two lesions was investigated in rats experimentally infected with 600 embryonated eggs, following either corticosteroid treatment or specific antigenic stimulation, in an attempt to understand the relationship between these two lesions, and the pathogenesis of septal fibrosis. The two treatments differently modified the morphological aspects of the focal parasitic-related lesions, but did not interfere with the presentation of diffuse septal fibrosis, although a mild decrease in the degree of fibrosis occurred in corticoid-treated animals. These findings indicate that although the two lesions are C. hepatica induced, they are under different pathogenetic control, the induction of septal fibrosis being triggered during early infection to follow an independent pathway.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Antígenos de Helmintos/administração & dosagem , Capillaria/imunologia , Infecções por Enoplida/parasitologia , Cirrose Hepática Experimental/parasitologia , Animais , Doença Crônica , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Infecções por Enoplida/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Enoplida/imunologia , Feminino , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Hidroxiprolina/análise , Cirrose Hepática Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Cirrose Hepática Experimental/imunologia , Masculino , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
Rats infected with the helminth Capillaria hepatica regularly develop septal hepatic fibrosis that may progress to cirrhosis in a relatively short time. Because of such characteristics, this experimental model was selected for testing drugs exhibiting antifibrosis potential, such as pentoxifylline, gadolinium chloride and vitamin A. Hepatic fibrosis was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated in liver samples obtained by partial hepatectomy and at autopsy. The material was submitted to histological, biochemical and morphometric methods. A statistically significant reduction of fibrosis was obtained with pentoxifylline when administered intraperitoneally rather than intravenously. Gadolinium chloride showed moderate activity when administered prophylactically (before fibrosis had started), but showed a poor effect when fibrosis was well advanced. No modification of fibrosis was seen after vitamin A administration. Hydroxyproline content was correlated with morphometric measurements. The model appears to be adequate, since few animals die of the infection, fibrosis develops regularly in all animals, and the effects of different antifibrotic drugs and administration protocols can be easily detected
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Ratos , Capillaria , Infecções por Enoplida/tratamento farmacológico , Gadolínio/uso terapêutico , Cirrose Hepática/parasitologia , Pentoxifilina/uso terapêutico , Vitamina A , Análise de Variância , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Rats infected with the helminth Capillaria hepatica regularly develop septal hepatic fibrosis that may progress to cirrhosis in a relatively short time. Because of such characteristics, this experimental model was selected for testing drugs exhibiting antifibrosis potential, such as pentoxifylline, gadolinium chloride and vitamin A. Hepatic fibrosis was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated in liver samples obtained by partial hepatectomy and at autopsy. The material was submitted to histological, biochemical and morphometric methods. A statistically significant reduction of fibrosis was obtained with pentoxifylline when administered intraperitoneally rather than intravenously. Gadolinium chloride showed moderate activity when administered prophylactically (before fibrosis had started), but showed a poor effect when fibrosis was well advanced. No modification of fibrosis was seen after vitamin A administration. Hydroxyproline content was correlated with morphometric measurements. The model appears to be adequate, since few animals die of the infection, fibrosis develops regularly in all animals, and the effects of different antifibrotic drugs and administration protocols can be easily detected.
Assuntos
Infecções por Enoplida/tratamento farmacológico , Gadolínio/uso terapêutico , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Pentoxifilina/uso terapêutico , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/uso terapêutico , Vitamina A/uso terapêutico , Animais , Capillaria , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Cirrose Hepática/parasitologia , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Capillaria hepatica is a helminth that may cause an extremely rare condition of parasitic hepatitis. Only 29 cases have been published, 2 of them in Brazil. We report here 3 cases of children in Brazil with massive hepatic capillariasis who presented the characteristic triad of this type of infection, i.e., persistent fever, hepatomegaly, and eosinophilia. The diagnosis was made by liver biopsy. All children responded well after treatment with thiabendazole (case 1), albendazole (case 3), and albendazole in combination with a corticoid (case 2). Case 1 has been followed-up for 24 years, an event not previously reported in the literature.
Assuntos
Capillaria/patogenicidade , Infecções por Enoplida/diagnóstico , Hepatite/diagnóstico , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Fígado/parasitologia , Albendazol/uso terapêutico , Animais , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Biópsia , Brasil , Pré-Escolar , Infecções por Enoplida/tratamento farmacológico , Eosinofilia , Feminino , Febre , Seguimentos , Hepatite/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatite/parasitologia , Hepatomegalia , Humanos , Lactente , Fígado/patologia , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Tiabendazol/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
We report a rare case of human intestinal capillariasis in a young Colombian man who presented with abdominal pain and mild, self-limited diarrhea. Capillaria eggs were visualized in the feces, and treatment with mebendazole (200 mg/d for 3 weeks) resulted in clinical and parasitological cure. To our knowledge, this is the first case in a South American person and the second case reported in Europe. This case highlights the acquisition of endemic intestinal parasitosis far away from classically considered areas of endemicity. We review the English-language literature on human intestinal capillariasis and compare findings from other cases with those from the current case.