Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adolescente , Infecções por Ascaridida/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Tiabendazol/uso terapêutico , Biópsia , Levamisol/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Ascaridida/cirurgia , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Infecções por Ascaridida/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Raras/diagnóstico , Doenças Raras/parasitologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Quimioterapia Combinada , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Pescoço/patologiaRESUMO
Priacanthus arenatus is a fish that occurs in the waters of the western Atlantic Ocean and has few records of parasitism. This study aimed to report histological changes caused by the larvae of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum. Between July and December, 2013, 30 samples of P. arenatus were obtained from fish markets in the cities of Niterói and Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fragments of spleen, liver, stomach wall and mesentery tissues containing nodules and free parasites were extracted to histopathological study. Through histological analysis it was verified that these nodules consisted of connective tissue capsules, in which the parasites were located, with granulomatous inflammation mainly comprised of macrophages and lymphocytes. These nodules also consisted of a central portion of acellular amorphous material, formed by concentric layers, which was slightly basophilic and contained tunnels and, sometimes, parasite debris. The presence of tunnels in acellular amorphous material suggests that the larvae are initially located at the center of the nodules and then they migrate to the surface.
Assuntos
Infecções por Ascaridida/veterinária , Ascaridoidea , Doenças dos Peixes/patologia , Perciformes/parasitologia , Animais , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Brasil , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , LarvaRESUMO
Lagochilascariasis is a parasitic disease caused by a helminth of the order Ascaroidea, genus Lagochilascaris that comprises 6 species, among which only Lagochilascaris minor Leiper, 1909, is implicated in the human form of the disease. It is remarkable that the majority of cases of human lagochilascariasis in the Americas have been reported in Brazil. The natural definitive hosts of this parasite seem to be wild felines and canines. Lagochilascariasis is mostly a chronic human disease that can persist for several years, in which the parasite burrows into the subcutaneous tissues of the neck, paranasal sinuses, and mastoid. L. minor exhibits remarkable ability to migrate through the tissues of its hosts, destroying even bone tissue. Fatal cases have been described in which the parasite was found in the lungs or central nervous system. Treatment is often palliative, with recurrence of lesions. This paper summarizes the main features of the disease and its etiologic agent, including prevalence, life cycle, clinical course, and treatment.
Assuntos
Infecções por Ascaridida/parasitologia , Ascaridoidea/classificação , Doenças Raras/parasitologia , Animais , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Humanos , Doenças Raras/patologiaRESUMO
Priacanthus arenatus is a fish that occurs in the waters of the western Atlantic Ocean and has few records of parasitism. This study aimed to report histological changes caused by the larvae of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum. Between July and December, 2013, 30 samples of P. arenatus were obtained from fish markets in the cities of Niterói and Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fragments of spleen, liver, stomach wall and mesentery tissues containing nodules and free parasites were extracted to histopathological study. Through histological analysis it was verified that these nodules consisted of connective tissue capsules, in which the parasites were located, with granulomatous inflammation mainly comprised of macrophages and lymphocytes. These nodules also consisted of a central portion of acellular amorphous material, formed by concentric layers, which was slightly basophilic and contained tunnels and, sometimes, parasite debris. The presence of tunnels in acellular amorphous material suggests that the larvae are initially located at the center of the nodules and then they migrate to the surface.(AU)
Priacanthus arenatus é um peixe que ocorre nas águas do Atlântico ocidental com poucos relatos de parasitimo. Este estudo objetivou relatar as características histológicas causadas pelas larvas de H. deardorffoverstreetorum em P. arenatus. Entre julho e dezembro de 2013, 30 espécimes de P. arenatus foram obtidas de mercados de peixes das cidades de Niterói e Rio de Janeiro, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Fragmentos de baço, fígado, parede do estômago e mesentério contendo nódulos foram extraídos para estudo histopatológico. Foi observado através de análise histológica que esses nódulos eram constituídos por uma cápsula de tecido conjuntivo, onde se localizavam os parasitas viáveis, com infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso, constituído, predominantemente, por macrófagos e linfócitos e por porção central de material amorfo acelular, formado por lâminas concêntricas, ligeiramente basofílico, contendo túneis e, por vezes, restos parasitários. A presença de túneis no material amorfo acelular dos nódulos analisados histologicamente sugerem que as larvas se localizam inicialmente no centro do granuloma e depois migram para a superfície do mesmo.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ascaridoidea , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Infecções por Ascaridida/veterinária , Doenças dos Peixes/patologia , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologiaRESUMO
Abstract Priacanthus arenatus is a fish that occurs in the waters of the western Atlantic Ocean and has few records of parasitism. This study aimed to report histological changes caused by the larvae of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum. Between July and December, 2013, 30 samples of P. arenatus were obtained from fish markets in the cities of Niterói and Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fragments of spleen, liver, stomach wall and mesentery tissues containing nodules and free parasites were extracted to histopathological study. Through histological analysis it was verified that these nodules consisted of connective tissue capsules, in which the parasites were located, with granulomatous inflammation mainly comprised of macrophages and lymphocytes. These nodules also consisted of a central portion of acellular amorphous material, formed by concentric layers, which was slightly basophilic and contained tunnels and, sometimes, parasite debris. The presence of tunnels in acellular amorphous material suggests that the larvae are initially located at the center of the nodules and then they migrate to the surface.
Resumo Priacanthus arenatus é um peixe que ocorre nas águas do Atlântico ocidental com poucos relatos de parasitimo. Este estudo objetivou relatar as características histológicas causadas pelas larvas de H. deardorffoverstreetorum em P. arenatus. Entre julho e dezembro de 2013, 30 espécimes de P. arenatus foram obtidas de mercados de peixes das cidades de Niterói e Rio de Janeiro, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Fragmentos de baço, fígado, parede do estômago e mesentério contendo nódulos foram extraídos para estudo histopatológico. Foi observado através de análise histológica que esses nódulos eram constituídos por uma cápsula de tecido conjuntivo, onde se localizavam os parasitas viáveis, com infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso, constituído, predominantemente, por macrófagos e linfócitos e por porção central de material amorfo acelular, formado por lâminas concêntricas, ligeiramente basofílico, contendo túneis e, por vezes, restos parasitários. A presença de túneis no material amorfo acelular dos nódulos analisados histologicamente sugerem que as larvas se localizam inicialmente no centro do granuloma e depois migram para a superfície do mesmo.
Assuntos
Animais , Ascaridoidea , Perciformes/parasitologia , Infecções por Ascaridida/veterinária , Doenças dos Peixes/patologia , Brasil , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , LarvaRESUMO
Histopathological lesions due to third-larval stage of nematode Brevimulticaecum sp. within the liver of a subpopulation of 31 Gymnotus inaequilabiatus from the Pantanal Region (Brazil) were studied with histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. In 93.5% of fish, livers harboured nematode larvae and the intensity of infection ranged from 8 to 293. In livers with highest number of larvae, the hepatic tissue was occupied primarily by the nematodes. Each larva was encircled by focal inflammatory granulomatous reaction. Within the thickness of the granuloma, three concentric layers were recognized: an inner layer of densely packed epithelioid cells, a middle layer of mast cells (MCs) entrapped in a thin fibroblast-connective mesh and an outer layer of fibrous connective tissue with fibroblasts. Epithelioid cells and fibroblasts within the thickness of the granuloma wall were positive for proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Moreover, several hepatocytes in infected liver were immunoreactive to PCNA. Occurrence of rodlet cells and MCs in parenchyma, in close proximity to the encysted nematode larvae and near the blood vessel of infected liver, was observed. Macrophage aggregates (MAs) were numerous within the granulomas and scattered in parenchyma of the infected liver. High quantity of haemosiderin was encountered in MAs and hepatocytes of infected liver.
Assuntos
Infecções por Ascaridida/veterinária , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Gimnotiformes/parasitologia , Fígado/parasitologia , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula em Proliferação/metabolismo , Animais , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Ascaridoidea/isolamento & purificação , Brasil , Granuloma/parasitologia , Larva , Fígado/patologiaRESUMO
Cucullanus bagre Petter, 1974 (Cucullanidae) is redescribed based on the examination of newly collected material and the revaluation of type specimens, using light and for the first time scanning electron microscopy. Parasite specimens were collected from the intestine of the coco sea catfish Bagre bagre (Linnaeus) (Ariidae) off the South Atlantic coast, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Detailed morphological analysis revealed the presence of an unpaired papilla just anterior to the cloacal protrusion in male, that was overlooked in the original description. Descriptions of the adult female and eggs are provided for the first time; these gravid specimens have the general morphometry quite similar to that of juveniles. Additionally, detailed description and illustration of sclerotized plates present on the oesophastome is provided. The far posterior location of the excretory pore with thick-walled excretory duct, the conspicuous protrusions present on both anal and cloacal regions and the number and arrangement of caudal papillae in males are considered to be important diagnostic features for C. bagre. All the specimens from type material were together in one vial and not separated in two vials as stated in the original description, making it impossible to determine which is the holotype, allotype or paratypes. This is the first report of C. bagre in Brazil, which expands its geographical distribution to South Atlantic waters.
Assuntos
Infecções por Ascaridida/veterinária , Ascaridídios/anatomia & histologia , Ascaridídios/isolamento & purificação , Peixes-Gato/parasitologia , Doenças dos Peixes/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Peixes/patologia , Animais , Infecções por Ascaridida/diagnóstico , Infecções por Ascaridida/parasitologia , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Oceano Atlântico , Brasil , Feminino , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Masculino , Microscopia , FilogeografiaRESUMO
The blackfin goosefish is included in a prized fish category, representing valuable fishery resource worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify the Anisakidae larvae parasitizing this fish species, considering the hygienic-sanitary and public health importance of these parasites infecting specimens of the blackfin goosefish, Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 (Lophiidae), purchased from markets in the municipalities of Cabo Frio, Niterói, Duque de Caxias and Rio de Janeiro; parasitological indices and sites of infection are presented. From March 2000 to December 2005, 87 specimens of Lophius gastrophysus were investigated for helminths. Seventeen fish (19.5%) were parasitized with larvae of anisakid nematodes. Anisakis simplex, Hysterothylacium sp. and Raphidascaris sp. appeared with prevalence of 1.14, 12.6 and 12.6%, intensity and mean intensity of infection of 1, 2.81, 10.5 and mean abundance of 0.01, 0.35 and 1.33 respectively. The sites of infection were stomach, stomach and intestine serosas and abdominal cavity. This is the first record of Anisakis simplex, Hysterothylacium sp. and Raphidascaris sp. for this species of fish.(AU)
Nematoides Anisakidae no peixe sapo-pescador, Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 comercializados no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. O peixe sapo-pescador é muito apreciado e representa um valioso recurso pesqueiro em nível mundial. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de identificar larvas de Anisakidae pela sua importância higiênico-sanitária e na saúde pública, cujos parasitos infectam espécimes do peixe sapo-pescador, Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 (Lophiidae), obtidos em mercados dos municípios de Cabo Frio, Niterói, Duque de Caxias e Rio de Janeiro; são apresentados os índices parasitológicos e sítios de infecção dos helmintos encontrados. Foram investigados 87 espécimes de Lophius gastrophysus no período de março de 2000 a dezembro de 2005. Desses, 17 (19,5%) estavam parasitados por larvas de anisaquídeos. Anisakis simplex, Hysterothylacium sp. e Raphidascaris sp. apareceram com prevalências de 1,14, 12,6 e 12,6%, intensidade e intensidade média de infecção de 1, 2,81 e 10,5, abundância média de 0,01, 0,35 e 1,33 respectivamente. Os sítios de infecção foram o estômago, serosas do estômago e intestino e cavidade abdominal. Este é o primeiro registro de Anisakis simplex, Hysterothylacium sp. e Raphidascaris sp. nesta espécie de peixe.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Peixes/parasitologia , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Infecções por Ascaridida/veterináriaRESUMO
Exposure to parasites is considered to be an important factor in the development of many diseases and histopathologies which are the result of the parasite-host interaction. The present study evaluated the impact of natural infection by larvae of Ortleppascaris sp. (Nematoda: Ascaridida) in the liver of the cane toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758). Larvae were encysted in nodules delimited by collagenous fibers and fibroblasts or freely within the hepatic parenchyma, provoking a clear response from the host. The histological examination of the liver revealed viable larvae in a number of different developmental stages, as well as cysts filled with amorphous material and cell residues and surrounded by dense fibrotic tissue. The infection of the liver by these larvae induces a significant increase in the area occupied by melanomacrophages and a reduction or deficit in the vascularization of the liver, hypertrophy of the hepatocytes, vacuolar bodies, and cytoplasmatic granules. Focal concentrations of inflammatory infiltrates were observed enclosing the unencapsulated early-stage larvae. These results indicate that infection by Ortleppascaris sp. induces severe physiological problems and histopathological lesions in the liver of R. marina .
Assuntos
Infecções por Ascaridida/veterinária , Ascaridoidea/fisiologia , Bufo marinus/parasitologia , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/veterinária , Fígado/patologia , Animais , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Grânulos Citoplasmáticos/patologia , Hepatócitos/parasitologia , Hepatócitos/patologia , Hipertrofia , Células de Kupffer/patologia , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Fígado/parasitologia , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/patologia , Macrófagos/parasitologia , Macrófagos/patologia , Vacúolos/patologiaRESUMO
The stomachs of 100 free-ranging black caimans (Melanosuchus niger Spix, 1825) from the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas state, Brazil, were examined for parasitism and pathologic lesions. All animals were harvested for human consumption. Ascaridoid nematodes were found in 67 caimans and were identified as Brevimulticaecum sp. These parasites were associated with focally extensive, chronic gastric ulcers and formation of localized intramural granulomas containing nematodes. All caiman were in good nutritional condition, which suggests that effects of gastric nematodiasis on the crocodilian hosts were minimal at the time of slaughter.
Assuntos
Jacarés e Crocodilos/parasitologia , Infecções por Ascaridida/veterinária , Ascaridoidea/isolamento & purificação , Granuloma/veterinária , Úlcera Gástrica/veterinária , Animais , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Brasil , Doença Crônica , Granuloma/parasitologia , Granuloma/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Estômago/parasitologia , Estômago/patologia , Úlcera Gástrica/parasitologia , Úlcera Gástrica/patologiaRESUMO
Sixty specimens of Paralichthys isosceles captured in the southeastern Brazilian coast were investigated for helminths from October 2006 to March 2008. One thousand eight hundred and twenty larvae (third and fourth stages) of Hysterothylacium sp. were recovered from the abdominal cavity, free or inserted in the mesentery, intestine, stomach, stomach wall, liver, spleen, ovaries, and serosas of heart, kidneys, ovaries and abdominal musculature. Gross lesions appeared as nodules in the stomach mucosa and intestinal serosa. Histological examination of these nodules revealed sections of Hysterothylacium sp. larvae inserted in the abdominal musculature, in the submucosa, muscular and serosa layers of the stomach and intestine. Associated granulomas consisted of fibrous connective tissue, macrophages and lymphocytes that surrounded, besides the larvae, necrotic material and tunnels with acidophilic lining, sometimes devoid of inflammatory reaction. The pathological alterations as well as the occurrence of Hysterothylacium sp. are reported for the first time in this host. The parasitic indexes refer to a prevalence of 100%, mean intensity of 30.3, mean abundance of 32 and range of intensity variation from 1 to 596.
Assuntos
Infecções por Ascaridida/veterinária , Ascaridoidea/fisiologia , Doenças dos Peixes/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Animais , Infecções por Ascaridida/epidemiologia , Infecções por Ascaridida/parasitologia , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Brasil , Doenças dos Peixes/patologia , LarvaRESUMO
The nematode Lagochilascaris minor is the causative agent of lagochilascariosis, a human disease that affects the neck region causing exudative abscesses with eggs, larvae, and adult parasites. Mice are currently considered intermediate hosts for the parasite. To determine the pattern of infection and the possibility of mice as definitive hosts for L. minor, experimental lagochilascariosis was studied in two distinct isogenic mouse strains: BALB/c and C57BL/6. Our results indicate that BALB/c mice are more resistant to L. minor infection than C57BL/6, having less intense lesions in the lungs, a lower number of nodules with encysted larvae and fewer adult worms, and displaying a higher serum level of IFN gamma. Both mouse strains had low levels of serum IL-10. We also observed adult parasites in both mouse strains, raising the possibility that mice are definitive hosts of L. minor. This is the first description of adult parasite development of L. minor in mice.
Assuntos
Infecções por Ascaridida/parasitologia , Ascaridoidea/isolamento & purificação , Citocinas/sangue , Tecido Adiposo/patologia , Animais , Infecções por Ascaridida/imunologia , Infecções por Ascaridida/mortalidade , Infecções por Ascaridida/patologia , Ascaridoidea/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ascaridoidea/imunologia , Gatos , Feminino , Humanos , Fígado/parasitologia , Fígado/patologia , Pulmão/parasitologia , Pulmão/patologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Músculo Esquelético/parasitologia , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Baço/patologia , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
Dissemination of parasitic infections depends on migration through tissues and evasion from both hemostatic processes and immune responses from hosts. Metalloproteases play major roles in these mechanisms of pathogen-host interactions and, thus, are considered drug targets. In this study, we characterized metalloprotease activities in excretory/secretory (ES) products from third stage larvae (L3) of the ascarid Lagochilascaris minor, the causative agent of lagochilascariosis, which demonstrates an impressive migrating capacity across host tissues, including bone. Gel enzymography showed that ES products of L3 display two major gelatinolytic activities. Optimal proteolytic activity was found to occur at neutral/alkaline pH and was associated with two L. minor-secreted metalloproteases of 59 (SM59(Lm)) and 114kDa (SM114(Lm)). We next showed that ES products of L3 were able to hydrolyze fibrinogen and collagen I at neutral pH, but not BSA, in an extensive manner. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ES products of L3 mediate hydrolysis of the triple helical structure of collagen I fibers in mouse mesentery. These results suggest that ES proteases of L3 might facilitate both L. minor migration through host tissues by hydrolyzing collagens of the extracellular matrix and evasion from host hemostatic mechanisms by degrading fibrinogen.