Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 41
Filtrar
1.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 60(5): 548-555, 2022 Aug 31.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36048807

RESUMO

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has provoked one of the greatest health crises of our time, which is why risk stratification at the time of hospitalization is essential to identify in good time patients with high morbidity and mortality risk. Dysnatremia as an independent predictor of mortality in patients with COVID-19 has recently become relevant. Objective: To find out if there is an association of dysnatremia with 28-day mortality, and as secondary objectives, its association with hospital stay, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) requirement and presence of acute kidney injury (AKI) during hospital stay. Material and methods: Retrospective, descriptive and analytical cohort study. All consecutive patients of 16 years or older of any gender, admitted to a third level hospital from March 1, 2020 to March 2021, who have a diagnosis of COVID-19 with positive PCR were included. Results: The study included a total of 722 patients. The prevalence of dysnatremia was as follows: 18 patients presented hypernatremia (2.49%) and 153 hyponatremia (21.19%). The presence of hypernatremia once sodium was corrected for glucose was associated with higher mortality (p < 0.05, OR 3.446; 95% CI 1.776-6.688), an increased probability of presenting AKI (p <0.05, OR 2.985; 95% CI 1.718-5.184) and a greater requirement for IMV (p < 0.05, OR 1.945; 95% CI 1.701-5.098). Conclusions: Hypernatremia was associated with higher mortality, higher risk of presenting AKI and the requirement for IMV during hospitalization.


Introducción: la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ha provocado una de las mayores crisis sanitarias de nuestros tiempos, por lo que la estratificación pronóstica al momento de la hospitalización es fundamental para identificar de manera temprana a los pacientes con alto riesgo de morbimortalidad. La disnatremia como predictor independiente de mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19 ha tomado relevancia recientemente. Objetivo: encontrar si existe asociación de disnatremias con mortalidad a 28 días y como secundarios su asociación con estancia hospitalaria, requerimiento de ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) y presencia de lesión renal aguda (LRA) durante la estancia hospitalaria. Material y métodos: estudio de tipo cohorte retrospectivo, descriptivo y analítico. Se incluyeron de manera consecutiva todos los pacientes mayores de 16 años de cualquier género, ingresados en un hospital de tercer nivel de marzo de 2020 a marzo de 2021, los cuales presentaron diagnóstico de COVID-19 con PCR positiva. Resultados: el estudio incluyó un total de 722 pacientes. La prevalencia de disnatremia fue la siguiente: 18 pacientes presentaron hipernatremia (2.49%) y 153 hiponatremia (21.19%). La presencia de hipernatremia una vez corregido el sodio para la glucosa se asoció con mayor mortalidad (p < 0.05, RM 3.446; IC 95%, 1.776-6.688), un aumento de la probabilidad de presentar LRA (p < 0.05, RM 2.985; IC 95%, 1.718-5.184) y mayor requerimiento de VMI (p < 0.05, RM 1.945; IC 95%, 1.701-5.098). Conclusiones: la hipernatremia se asoció a una mayor mortalidad, mayor riesgo de presentar LRA y requerimiento de VMI durante la hospitalización.


Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda , COVID-19 , Hipernatremia , Injúria Renal Aguda/epidemiologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/terapia , COVID-19/complicações , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Hipernatremia/complicações , Hipernatremia/epidemiologia , Morbidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
2.
Geriatr., Gerontol. Aging (Online) ; 14(2): 140-142, 30/06/2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1103727

RESUMO

O tratamento de desidratação e distúrbios eletrolíticos graves é contraindicado por meio de hipodermóclise, mas o nível de evidência da recomendação se baseia na opinião de especialistas. Descreve-se caso clínico de paciente com idade avançada, com indicação de cuidados paliativos, que evoluiu com desidratação hiperosmolar com hipernatremia grave, injúria renal aguda e hipercalemia. Tratou-se a paciente com solução hipotônica por meio da técnica de hipodermóclise, com resolução completa do quadro. Conclui-se que há necessidade de mais estudos sobre o uso da hipodermóclise para o tratamento de distúrbios hidroeletrolíticos graves.


The treatment of dehydration and severe electrolyte disturbances using hypodermoclysis is usually contraindicated, but the level of evidence for its recommendation is based on expert opinion. This case report describes an older patient receiving palliative care who developed hyperosmolar dehydration with severe hypernatremia, acute kidney injury, and hyperkalemia. She was treated with hypodermoclysis using a hypotonic solution, which led to complete resolution of the condition. In conclusion, further studies on the use of hypodermoclysis for the treatment of severe hydroelectrolytic disorders are needed.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Desidratação/complicações , Hipodermóclise/métodos , Hiperpotassemia/complicações , Hipernatremia/complicações , Cuidados Paliativos , Idoso Fragilizado , Injúria Renal Aguda/complicações , Rim/lesões
4.
J. bras. nefrol ; 41(4): 501-508, Out.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056603

RESUMO

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the association between dysnatremias or dyschloremias and mortality during hospitalization in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing acute hemodialysis. Methods: We carried out a retrospective cohort study on adult patients undergoing acute hemodialysis with AKI or CKD diagnosis at a public hospital in Lima, Peru. Dysnatremias were categorized as hyponatremia (Na < 135mmol/L) or hypernatremia (Na > 145mmol/L), and dyschloremias were defined as hypochloremia (Cl < 98 mmol/L) or hyperchloremia (Cl > 109mmol/L). The outcome of interest was mortality during hospitalization. We performed generalized lineal Poisson family models with bias-corrected and accelerated non-parametric bootstrap to estimate the risk ratios at crude (RR) and adjusted analysis (aRR) by gender, age, HCO3 (for all patients) and Liaño score (only for AKI) with CI95%. Results: We included 263 patients (mean age: 54.3 years, females: 43%): 191 with CKD and 72 with AKI. Mortality was higher in patients with AKI (59.7%) than in patients with CKD (14.1%). In overall, patients with hypernatremia had a higher mortality during hospitalization compared to those who had normal sodium values (aRR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.17-2.83); patients with hyponatremia did not have different mortality (aRR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.69-2.04). We also found that hyperchloremia (aRR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.83-2.18) or hypochloremia (aRR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.30-14.78) did not increase mortality in comparison to normal chloride values. No association between dysnatremias or dyschloremias and mortality during hospitalization was found in CKD and AKI subgroups. Conclusions: In our exploratory analysis, only hypernatremia was associated with mortality during hospitalization among patients with AKI or CKD undergoing acute hemodialysis.


Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre distúrbios do sódio ou do cloro e mortalidade hospitalar de pacientes com insuficiência renal aguda (IRA) ou doença renal crônica (DRC) submetidos a hemodiálise aguda. Métodos: O presente estudo de coorte retrospectiva incluiu pacientes adultos submetidos a hemodiálise aguda com diagnóstico de IRA ou DRC em um hospital público de Lima, Peru. Os distúrbios do sódio foram classificados como hiponatremia (Na < 135mmol/L) ou hipernatremia (Na > 145mmol/L), enquanto os distúrbios do cloro foram classificados como hipocloremia (Cl < 98 mmol/L) ou hipercloremia (Cl > 109mmol/L). O desfecho de interesse foi mortalidade hospitalar. Utilizamos modelos de Poisson da família de modelos lineares generalizados com bootstrap não-paramétrico e correção de viés acelerado para estimar os riscos relativos na análise bruta (RR) e ajustada (RRa) para sexo, idade, HCO3 (para todos os pacientes) e escore de Liaño (apenas para IRA) com IC 95%. Resultados: Foram incluídos 263 pacientes (idade média 54,3 anos; 43% do sexo feminino), 191 com DRC e 72 com IRA. A mortalidade foi mais elevada nos pacientes com IRA (59,7%) do que nos indivíduos com DRC (14,1%). No geral, os pacientes com hipernatremia tiveram mortalidade hospitalar mais elevada do que os indivíduos com valores normais de sódio (RRa: 1,82; IC 95%: 1,17-2,83). Os pacientes com hiponatremia não apresentaram mortalidade diferente (RRa: 0,19; IC 95%: 0,69-2,04). Também identificamos que hipercloremia (RRa: 1,35; IC 95%: 0,83-2,18) e hipocloremia (RRa: 0,66; IC 95%: 0,30-14,78) não elevaram a mortalidade em comparação a indivíduos com níveis normais de cloro. Não foi encontrada associação entre distúrbios do sódio ou do cloro e mortalidade hospitalar nos subgrupos com DRC e IRA. Conclusões: Em nossa análise exploratória, apenas hipernatremia apresentou associação com mortalidade hospitalar em pacientes com IRA ou DRC submetidos a hemodiálise aguda.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Sódio/sangue , Cloretos/sangue , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Injúria Renal Aguda/mortalidade , Peru/epidemiologia , Bicarbonatos/sangue , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/sangue , Injúria Renal Aguda/diagnóstico , Injúria Renal Aguda/sangue , Injúria Renal Aguda/terapia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Hipernatremia/complicações , Hipernatremia/mortalidade , Hiponatremia/complicações , Hiponatremia/mortalidade
5.
J Bras Nefrol ; 41(4): 501-508, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31528981

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between dysnatremias or dyschloremias and mortality during hospitalization in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing acute hemodialysis. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective cohort study on adult patients undergoing acute hemodialysis with AKI or CKD diagnosis at a public hospital in Lima, Peru. Dysnatremias were categorized as hyponatremia (Na < 135mmol/L) or hypernatremia (Na > 145mmol/L), and dyschloremias were defined as hypochloremia (Cl < 98 mmol/L) or hyperchloremia (Cl > 109mmol/L). The outcome of interest was mortality during hospitalization. We performed generalized lineal Poisson family models with bias-corrected and accelerated non-parametric bootstrap to estimate the risk ratios at crude (RR) and adjusted analysis (aRR) by gender, age, HCO3 (for all patients) and Liaño score (only for AKI) with CI95%. RESULTS: We included 263 patients (mean age: 54.3 years, females: 43%): 191 with CKD and 72 with AKI. Mortality was higher in patients with AKI (59.7%) than in patients with CKD (14.1%). In overall, patients with hypernatremia had a higher mortality during hospitalization compared to those who had normal sodium values (aRR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.17-2.83); patients with hyponatremia did not have different mortality (aRR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.69-2.04). We also found that hyperchloremia (aRR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.83-2.18) or hypochloremia (aRR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.30-14.78) did not increase mortality in comparison to normal chloride values. No association between dysnatremias or dyschloremias and mortality during hospitalization was found in CKD and AKI subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: In our exploratory analysis, only hypernatremia was associated with mortality during hospitalization among patients with AKI or CKD undergoing acute hemodialysis.


Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda/mortalidade , Cloretos/sangue , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Sódio/sangue , Injúria Renal Aguda/sangue , Injúria Renal Aguda/diagnóstico , Injúria Renal Aguda/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Bicarbonatos/sangue , Feminino , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Hipernatremia/complicações , Hipernatremia/mortalidade , Hiponatremia/complicações , Hiponatremia/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peru/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/sangue , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
7.
Rev Bras Ter Intensiva ; 28(2): 120-31, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27410407

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and laboratorial factors associated with serum sodium variation during continuous renal replacement therapy and to assess whether the perfect admixture formula could predict 24-hour sodium variation. METHODS: Thirty-six continuous renal replacement therapy sessions of 33 patients, in which the affluent prescription was unchanged during the first 24 hours, were retrieved from a prospective collected database and then analyzed. A mixed linear model was performed to investigate the factors associated with large serum sodium variations (≥ 8mEq/L), and a Bland-Altman plot was generated to assess the agreement between the predicted and observed variations. RESULTS: In continuous renal replacement therapy 24-hour sessions, SAPS 3 (p = 0.022) and baseline hypernatremia (p = 0.023) were statistically significant predictors of serum sodium variations ≥ 8mEq/L in univariate analysis, but only hypernatremia demonstrated an independent association (ß = 0.429, p < 0.001). The perfect admixture formula for sodium prediction at 24 hours demonstrated poor agreement with the observed values. CONCLUSIONS: Hypernatremia at the time of continuous renal replacement therapy initiation is an important factor associated with clinically significant serum sodium variation. The use of 4% citrate or acid citrate dextrose - formula A 2.2% as anticoagulants was not associated with higher serum sodium variations. A mathematical prediction for the serum sodium concentration after 24 hours was not feasible.


Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Hipernatremia/complicações , Terapia de Substituição Renal/métodos , Sódio/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ácido Cítrico/administração & dosagem , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , Glucose/administração & dosagem , Glucose/análogos & derivados , Humanos , Hipernatremia/epidemiologia , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos
8.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 28(2): 120-131, tab, graf
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-787737

RESUMO

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar os fatores clínicos e laboratoriais associados com a variação dos níveis séricos de sódio durante terapia renal substitutiva contínua e avaliar se a fórmula de mixagem perfeita pode prever a variação do sódio nas 24 horas. Métodos: A partir de uma base de dados coletada de forma prospectiva, recuperamos e analisamos os dados referentes a 36 sessões de terapia renal substitutiva realizadas em 33 pacientes, nas quais a prescrição de afluentes permaneceu inalterada durante as primeiras 24 horas. Aplicamos um modelo linear misto para investigar os fatores associados com grandes variações dos níveis séricos de sódio (≥ 8mEq/L) e geramos um gráfico de Bland-Altman para avaliar a concordância entre as variações previstas e observadas. Resultados: Nas sessões de terapia renal substitutiva de 24 horas identificamos que SAPS 3 (p = 0,022) e hipernatremia basal (p = 0,023) foram preditores estatisticamente significantes de variações séricas do sódio ≥ 8mEq/L na análise univariada, porém apenas hipernatremia demonstrou uma associação independente (β = 0,429; p < 0,001). A fórmula de mixagem perfeita para previsão do nível de sódio após 24 horas demonstrou baixa concordância com os valores observados. Conclusões: A presença de hipernatremia por ocasião do início da terapia renal substitutiva é um fator importante associado com variações clinicamente significativas dos níveis séricos de sódio. O uso de citrato 4% ou da fórmula A de ácido citrato dextrose 2,2% como anticoagulantes não se associou com variações mais acentuadas dos níveis séricos de sódio. Não foi viável desenvolver uma predição matemática da concentração do sódio após 24 horas.


ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and laboratorial factors associated with serum sodium variation during continuous renal replacement therapy and to assess whether the perfect admixture formula could predict 24-hour sodium variation. Methods: Thirty-six continuous renal replacement therapy sessions of 33 patients, in which the affluent prescription was unchanged during the first 24 hours, were retrieved from a prospective collected database and then analyzed. A mixed linear model was performed to investigate the factors associated with large serum sodium variations (≥ 8mEq/L), and a Bland-Altman plot was generated to assess the agreement between the predicted and observed variations. Results: In continuous renal replacement therapy 24-hour sessions, SAPS 3 (p = 0.022) and baseline hypernatremia (p = 0.023) were statistically significant predictors of serum sodium variations ≥ 8mEq/L in univariate analysis, but only hypernatremia demonstrated an independent association (β = 0.429, p < 0.001). The perfect admixture formula for sodium prediction at 24 hours demonstrated poor agreement with the observed values. Conclusions: Hypernatremia at the time of continuous renal replacement therapy initiation is an important factor associated with clinically significant serum sodium variation. The use of 4% citrate or acid citrate dextrose - formula A 2.2% as anticoagulants was not associated with higher serum sodium variations. A mathematical prediction for the serum sodium concentration after 24 hours was not feasible.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Sódio/sangue , Terapia de Substituição Renal/métodos , Hipernatremia/complicações , Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Modelos Lineares , Estudos Prospectivos , Bases de Dados Factuais , Ácido Cítrico/administração & dosagem , Glucose/administração & dosagem , Glucose/análogos & derivados , Hipernatremia/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
9.
Rev Chil Pediatr ; 86(4): 279-82, 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26298299

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Rhabdomyolysis is a rare paediatric condition. The case is presented of a patient in whom this developed secondary to severe hypernatraemic dehydration following acute diarrhoea. CASE REPORT: Infant 11 months of age who presented with vomiting, fever, diarrhoea and anuria for 15 hours. Parents reported adequate preparation of artificial formula and oral rehydration solution. He was admitted with malaise, severe dehydration signs and symptoms, cyanosis, and low reactivity. The laboratory tests highlighted severe metabolic acidosis, hypernatraemia and pre-renal kidney failure (Sodium [Na] plasma 181 mEq/L, urine density> 1030). He was managed in Intensive Care Unit with gradual clinical and renal function improvement. On the third day, slight axial hypotonia and elevated cell lysis enzymes (creatine phosphokinase 75,076 IU/L) were observed, interpreted as rhabdomyolysis. He was treated with intravenous rehydration up to 1.5 times the basal requirements, and he showed a good clinical and biochemical response, being discharged 12 days after admission without motor sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: Severe hypernatraemia is described as a rare cause of rhabdomyolysis and renal failure. In critically ill patients, it is important to have a high index of suspicion for rhabdomyolysis and performing serial determinations of creatine phosphokinase for early detection and treatment.


Assuntos
Desidratação/complicações , Diarreia/complicações , Hipernatremia/complicações , Rabdomiólise/etiologia , Creatina Quinase/metabolismo , Desidratação/etiologia , Desidratação/terapia , Hidratação/métodos , Humanos , Hipernatremia/etiologia , Lactente , Masculino , Rabdomiólise/terapia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Vômito/complicações
10.
Free Radic Res ; 49(4): 383-96, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25747394

RESUMO

The body regulates plasma sodium levels within a small physiologic range, despite large variations in daily sodium and water intake. It is known that sodium transport in the kidneys plays an important role in hypoxia, being the major determinant of renal oxygen consumption. Tubular epithelial cell hypoxia is an important contributor to the development of renal inflammation, and the damage may progress to structural injury, ending in acute renal failure. In this review, we will summarize the renal inflammatory effects of high acute plasma sodium (acute hypernatremia), and the molecular mechanisms involved. We will also discuss recent findings related to the role of oxidative stress and angiotensin II (Ang II) in the pathogenesis of renal injury. We will comment on the effects of agents used to prevent or attenuate the inflammatory response, such as the atrial natriuretic peptide, the superoxide dismutase mimetic - tempol, and losartan.


Assuntos
Hipernatremia/complicações , Nefrite/etiologia , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Angiotensina II/fisiologia , Animais , Fator Natriurético Atrial/uso terapêutico , Óxidos N-Cíclicos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Losartan/uso terapêutico , Nefrite/tratamento farmacológico , Nefrite/prevenção & controle , Marcadores de Spin
11.
Transplant Proc ; 45(10): 3726-7, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24315009

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Pediatric liver transplantation is limited by donation. In the last 5 years, urgent conditions have forced transplant teams to accept donors with minor suboptimal conditions, termed "extended donor criteria." Among those, the risk of using severe hypernatremic donors (SHD) for liver transplant is not yet well established. The aim of this study is to report the outcome of pediatric patients receiving grafts from SHD. METHODS: Clinical records of patients transplanted in the last 3 years at Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile, were reviewed. Outcome was evaluated in terms of patient and graft survival and complications potentially associated to the donor condition. RESULTS: Five of 33 deceased donor transplants presented with SHD. All recipients were waiting transplant in an acute condition, one of them in acute liver failure (ALF). No living related donor was available. Donors' serum sodium was 169 to 193 mEq/L before medical management and between 157 and 172 mEq/L at procurement. One patient died from sepsis related to biliary complications, and the patient suffering ALF developed primary graft nonfunction, received a second transplant 2 weeks later, and recovered to stable medical condition. No other complication was registered in these patients. DISCUSSION: Our findings allow us to postulate that hypernatremic deceased donors may be used for pediatric liver transplant under special circumstances.


Assuntos
Seleção do Doador , Hipernatremia/complicações , Transplante de Fígado , Doadores de Tecidos/provisão & distribuição , Fatores Etários , Biomarcadores/sangue , Cadáver , Criança , Chile , Feminino , Humanos , Hipernatremia/sangue , Hipernatremia/diagnóstico , Hipernatremia/mortalidade , Lactente , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Fígado/mortalidade , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Reoperação , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Sódio/sangue , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Listas de Espera
12.
PLoS One ; 8(9): e73187, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24039883

RESUMO

Noradrenergic neurons in the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM; A1 group) contribute to cardiovascular regulation. The present study assessed whether specific lesions in the A1 group altered the cardiovascular responses that were evoked by hypertonic saline (HS) infusion in non-anesthetized rats. Male Wistar rats (280-340 g) received nanoinjections of antidopamine-ß-hydroxylase-saporin (A1 lesion, 0.105 ng.nL(-1)) or free saporin (sham, 0.021 ng.nL(-1)) into their CVLMs. Two weeks later, the rats were anesthetized (2% halothane in O2) and their femoral artery and vein were catheterized and led to exit subcutaneously between the scapulae. On the following day, the animals were submitted to HS infusion (3 M NaCl, 1.8 ml • kg(-1), b.wt., for longer than 1 min). In the sham-group (n = 8), HS induced a sustained pressor response (ΔMAP: 35±3.6 and 11±1.8 mmHg, for 10 and 90 min after HS infusion, respectively; P<0.05 vs. baseline). Ten min after HS infusion, the pressor responses of the anti-DßH-saporin-treated rats (n = 11)were significantly smaller(ΔMAP: 18±1.4 mmHg; P<0.05 vs. baseline and vs. sham group), and at 90 min, their blood pressures reached baseline values (2±1.6 mmHg). Compared to the sham group, the natriuresis that was induced by HS was reduced in the lesioned group 60 min after the challenge (196±5.5 mM vs. 262±7.6 mM, respectively; P<0.05). In addition, A1-lesioned rats excreted only 47% of their sodium 90 min after HS infusion, while sham animals excreted 80% of their sodium. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed a substantial destruction of the A1 cell group in the CVLM of rats that had been nanoinjected withanti-DßH-saporin. These results suggest that medullary noradrenergic A1 neurons are involved in the excitatory neural pathway that regulates hypertensive and natriuretic responses to acute changes in the composition of body fluid.


Assuntos
Neurônios Adrenérgicos , Hipernatremia/complicações , Hipernatremia/fisiopatologia , Hipertensão/etiologia , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Natriurese , Neurônios Adrenérgicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Barorreflexo , Pressão Sanguínea , Frequência Cardíaca , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Rim/metabolismo , Rim/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Ratos , Proteínas Inativadoras de Ribossomos Tipo 1/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Inativadoras de Ribossomos Tipo 1/farmacologia , Solução Salina Hipertônica/administração & dosagem , Solução Salina Hipertônica/farmacologia , Saporinas , Sódio/sangue
16.
West Indian med. j ; West Indian med. j;55(4): 282-285, Sept. 2006.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-472117

RESUMO

There have been several reports in the literature about hypernatraemic dehydration and severe malnutrition in exclusively breastfed infants. The authors report a series of four such cases admitted to the Newborn Special Care Unit of the University Hospital of the West Indies over a seven-year period. All four were term infants who had weight loss of greater than 20of their birthweight, serum sodium levels greater than 175 mmol/L, metabolic acidosis and pre-renal failure at presentation. Three of the infants had seizures shortly after presentation. One of the infants died soon after admission to hospital, the three others had normal neurological development clinically at the time of last review.


Ha habido varios reportes en la literatura sobre deshidratación hipernatrémica y malnutrición severa en bebés amamantados exclusivamente al pecho. Los autores reportan una serie de cuatro de estos casos, ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Especiales para Recién Nacidos del Hospital Universitario de West Indies, a lo largo de un período de siete años. En los cuatro casos se trataba de infantes a término que habían perdido más del 20% de su peso al nacer, tenían niveles de sodio en suero superiores a 175 mmol/l, acidosis metabólica, y presentaban fallo pre-renal al ser atendidos. Tres de los bebés presentaron convulsiones poco después de ser vistos por el médico. Uno de los bebés murió poco después del ingreso al hospital, en tanto que los otros tres presentaban un desarrollo neurológico normal al momento del último examen.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Aleitamento Materno , Cuidado do Lactente , Desidratação/etiologia , Fórmulas Infantis , Hipernatremia/complicações , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente , Acidose , Desidratação/fisiopatologia , Evolução Fatal , Hipernatremia/fisiopatologia , Recém-Nascido
17.
West Indian Med J ; 55(4): 282-5, 2006 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17249318

RESUMO

There have been several reports in the literature about hypernatraemic dehydration and severe malnutrition in exclusively breastfed infants. The authors report a series of four such cases admitted to the Newborn Special Care Unit of the University Hospital of the West Indies over a seven-year period. All four were term infants who had weight loss of greater than 20% of their birthweight, serum sodium levels greater than 175 mmol/L, metabolic acidosis and pre-renal failure at presentation. Three of the infants had seizures shortly after presentation. One of the infants died soon after admission to hospital, the three others had normal neurological development clinically at the time of last review.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Desidratação/etiologia , Hipernatremia/complicações , Cuidado do Lactente , Fórmulas Infantis , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente , Acidose , Desidratação/fisiopatologia , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Hipernatremia/fisiopatologia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino
19.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 76(5): 471-478, oct. 2005. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-420127

RESUMO

Objetivo: conocer la incidencia de deshidratación hipernatrémica (DH) asociada a ictericia así como sus características clínicas en neonatos ingresados a un hospital general. Material y Métodos: estudio exploratorio, prospectivo, descriptivo. Se incluyeron neonatos de término, ingresados por hiperbilirrubinemia, divididos en dos grupos, con y sin hipernatremia. Se compararon características perinatales, edad en la readmisión, pérdida de peso, fiebre, bilirrubina, manejo con antimicrobianos, presencia de alteraciones neurológicas y mortalidad. Resultados: se ingresaron 24 pacientes en un año, de los cuales 12 tuvieron sodio sérico elevado, con un promedio de 163,92 mmol/L. La incidencia fue de 5/1000 nacidos vivos. No se encontraron diferencias en cuanto a las características perinatales o cifras de bilirrubinas. La pérdida ponderal fue mayor en el grupo con DH. Dos pacientes presentaron alteraciones neurológicas y uno falleció. Conclusiones: la incidencia de la triada de deshidratación hipernatrémica, fiebre e ictericia puede ser mayor a la reportada.


Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Desidratação/epidemiologia , Hipernatremia/complicações , Icterícia/complicações , Readmissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Evolução Clínica/estatística & dados numéricos , Hipernatremia/mortalidade , Incidência , Aleitamento Materno/efeitos adversos , México/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Sódio/metabolismo , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/complicações , Redução de Peso
20.
Ann Trop Paediatr ; 24(4): 295-300, 2004 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15720886

RESUMO

A 12-year retrospective review of neonates admitted with hypernatraemic dehydration to the neonatal unit of the University Hospital of the West Indies was conducted between 1 January 1990 and 31 December 2001. Twenty-four infants fulfilled the criteria for hypernatraemic dehydration. Nineteen (79%) women were either nulliparous or primiparous with a mean (SD) age of 26.9 (4.4) yrs. Modal length of hospital stay for mothers was 24 hrs. Twenty (83.3%) infants were exclusively breastfed. Mean (SD) age at presentation was 7.4 (3.8) days. Mean (SD) percentage weight loss between birth and presentation was 18.9% (6.3). Mean (SD) serum sodium at presentation was 164.8 (13.9) mmol/L. Babies visited at home by nurses had a lower mean serum sodium, were less dehydrated and were significantly less acidiotic. Their mean (SD) length of hospital stay was also significantly less [4.2 (1.4) days] than those who were not visited [7.9 (3.8) days] (p < 0.05). Complications occurred in 19 (79%) of infants and included renal failure (19, 79%), seizures (3, 13%) and intraventricular haemorrhage (1, 4%), and one died (4%). Hypernatraemic dehydration is an uncommon complication of failure to establish breastfeeding but is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Education programmes are needed to increase awareness amongst health-care workers and mothers in order to prevent the problem.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Desidratação/epidemiologia , Hipernatremia/epidemiologia , Acidose/epidemiologia , Acidose/etiologia , Adulto , Desidratação/etiologia , Feminino , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Humanos , Hipernatremia/complicações , Incidência , Recém-Nascido , Jamaica/epidemiologia , Masculino , Cuidado Pré-Natal/métodos , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sódio/sangue , Redução de Peso/fisiologia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA