RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To report the case of a pediatric patient with bilateral hydronephrosis due to vesicoureteral junction obstruction (VUJO) that was treated non-surgically and to discuss the approach of this anomaly. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 25-month-old boy was referred without complaints for consultation due to prenatal ultrasound showing kidneys with cysts. He was under antibiotic prophylaxis. No family history of kidney disease and/or inherited disorders was reported. Renal ultrasound (RUS) at 2 days of life showed bilateral hydronephrosis, thus ruling out the possibility of kidney cystic disease. Dynamic renal scintigraphy (DTPA) showed marked retention of the marker in the pyelocaliceal system bilaterally, with little response to diuretic drug. He was maintained under antibiotic prophylaxis, when a new RUS showed bilateral ureteral dilatation, abrupt stenosis in the ureterovesical transition region (0.2 cm caliber), moderate bilateral hydronephrosis, and slight renal cortical thickness, confirming the diagnosis of VUJO. At 2 years and 10 months of age, DTPA showed hydronephrosis and ureteral stasis in both kidneys secondary to stenosis at the vesicoureteral junction (VUJ) level, with preservation of kidney function and slow degree of emptying. We opted for a non-surgical approach. RUS at 10 years of age showed significant improvement of all parameters, with ureteral transverse diameter of 9 mm, preserved VUJ, and age-appropriate bilateral kidney development. COMMENTS: VUJO is a major cause of prenatal hydronephrosis and can trigger a deterioration of kidney function. Its treatment is still controversial but should take into account the importance of clinical follow-up and serial imaging evaluation.
Assuntos
Hidronefrose , Obstrução Ureteral , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Constrição Patológica/complicações , Humanos , Hidronefrose/etiologia , Hidronefrose/terapia , Pelve Renal , Masculino , Ácido Pentético , Estudos Retrospectivos , Obstrução Ureteral/complicações , Obstrução Ureteral/terapiaRESUMO
A 28-year-old pregnant woman at 19 weeks gestation presented with dysuria as well as lower abdominal and left flank pain. Imaging revealed left-sided hydronephrosis and a mass invading the posterior bladder wall. Management included placement of a left nephrostomy tube and transurethral resection of ~25% of the mass. Microscopy showed an ectopic decidual reaction within the muscularis propria. The patient improved symptomatically and continued prenatal care. Complete resolution of her ureteral obstruction was demonstrated during the postpartum period. Ectopic decidual reactions involving the urinary bladder are extremely rare, and ureteral obstruction secondary to this phenomenon has not yet been reported.
Assuntos
Coristoma/diagnóstico , Decídua , Hidronefrose/diagnóstico , Hidronefrose/etiologia , Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico , Adulto , Coristoma/etiologia , Coristoma/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Hidronefrose/terapia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/etiologia , Complicações na Gravidez/terapia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/etiologia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/terapiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Fetal hydronephrosis is a frequent finding due to advances in prenatal ultrasonography. The definition of fetal and neonatal urinary tract obstruction is a very difficult task requiring confirmation of reduced renal function and hydronephrosis. In this study we followed a series of consecutive patients with intrauterine hydronephrosis that persisted during post-natal life. METHODS: 116 newborns with antenatal hydronephrosis diagnosed by ultrasound and submitted to a specific post-natal evaluative protocol with a follow-up period of 6 years. RESULTS: In 45 (38.8%) of 116 patients, ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction was confirmed and surgical correction of the UPJ obstruction was done in 19 patients. From 26 children who were initially submitted to non-surgical treatment, only 6 (23%) needed a surgical approach during follow up. Overall analysis showed that surgery was performed in 25 patients with UPJ obstruction, and the others 20 patients were kept under clinical observation, since normal renal function was confirmed by scintigraphy scans. CONCLUSION: Fetal hydronephrosis due to UPJ obstruction deserves careful postnatal evaluation. UPJ obstruction is the most frequent anomaly and its surgical treatment has very precise indications. The evaluative protocol was useful in identify patients that could be followed-up with a non-surgical approach.
Assuntos
Hidronefrose/etiologia , Obstrução Ureteral/complicações , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Hidronefrose/diagnóstico por imagem , Hidronefrose/terapia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Cintilografia , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal , Obstrução Ureteral/diagnóstico por imagem , Obstrução Ureteral/cirurgia , Sistema Urinário/anormalidades , Sistema Urinário/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
PURPOSE: Fetal hydronephrosis is a frequent finding due to advances in prenatal ultrasonography. The definition of fetal and neonatal urinary tract obstruction is a very difficult task requiring confirmation of reduced renal function and hydronephrosis. In this study we followed a series of consecutive patients with intrauterine hydronephrosis that persisted during post-natal life. METHODS: 116 newborns with antenatal hydronephrosis diagnosed by ultrasound and submitted to a specific post-natal evaluative protocol with a follow-up period of 6 years. RESULTS: In 45 (38.8%) of 116 patients, ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction was confirmed and surgical correction of the UPJ obstruction was done in 19 patients. From 26 children who were initially submitted to non-surgical treatment, only 6 (23%) needed a surgical approach during follow up. Overall analysis showed that surgery was performed in 25 patients with UPJ obstruction, and the others 20 patients were kept under clinical observation, since normal renal function was confirmed by scintigraphy scans. CONCLUSION: Fetal hydronephrosis due to UPJ obstruction deserves careful postnatal evaluation. UPJ obstruction is the most frequent anomaly and its surgical treatment has very precise indications. The evaluative protocol was useful in identify patients that could be followed-up with a non-surgical approach.
OBJETIVO: Com a ampla utilização dos exames ultrassonográficos na avaliação pré-natal, é frequente o diagnóstico da hidronefrose fetal. A definição de obstrução do trato urinário no periodo pós-natal necessita da confirmação de redução da função renal além da hidronefrose. Neste estudo, acompanhamos uma série de pacientes consecutivos com hidronefrose intra-útero que persistiu no periodo pós-natal. MÉTODOS: 116 recém-nascidos com hidronefrose pré-natal diagnosticada pela ultrassonografia foram submetidos a protocolo específico de avaliação e companhados pelo periodo de 06 anos. RESULTADOS: Em 46 (38,8%) dos 116 pacientes foi confirmado o diagnóstico de estenose da junção ureteropiélica (JUP). Conforme os resultados do protocolo aplicado a correção cirúrgica da estenose da JUP foi realizada em 19 pacientes. Das 26 crianças encaminhadas inicialmente para observação clínica, apenas 6 (23%) necessitaram cirurgia durante o seguimento ambulatorial. Na análise geral, o procedimento cirúrgico para correção da estenose da JUP foi indicado em 25 pacientes. Nas outras 20 crianças não houve necessidade da realização da cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: a hidronefrose fetal requer cuidadosa avaliação pós-natal. A estenose da junção pielo-ureteral é a anomalia mais frequente como causa da hidronefrose, e sua correção cirúrgica tem indicações precisas. O protocolo aplicado foi útil em diferenciar pacientes que não necessitaram cirurgia para tratamento da estenose da JUP.
Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Gravidez , Hidronefrose/etiologia , Obstrução Ureteral/complicações , Hidronefrose , Hidronefrose/terapia , Hidronefrose , Estudos Prospectivos , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal , Obstrução Ureteral , Obstrução Ureteral/cirurgia , Obstrução Ureteral , Sistema Urinário/anormalidades , Sistema Urinário , Sistema UrinárioRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To assess the outcome of newborns with mild isolated antenatal hydronephrosis (MIAHN) managed with neither antibiotic prophylaxis nor voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). INCLUSION CRITERIA: anterior-posterior pelvic diameter 5-15 mm at third trimester of gestation, confirmed by first postnatal ultrasound. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: pelvic diameter > 15 mm, calyectasis, hydroureteronephrosis, renal or bladder abnormalities. Clinical and ultrasound follow-up was performed. Parents were familiarized with urinary tract infection (UTI) signs. If UTI was confirmed, VCUG was performed. Hydronephrosis outcome was assessed as intrauterine resolution, total or partial resolution, stability or progression. RESULTS: MIAHN was detected in 193 newborns (109 unilateral, 84 bilateral; 277 renal units); 23 (12%) had UTI and 2 of them showed low-grade reflux. After a mean follow-up of 15 months, 91 renal units showed intrauterine resolution (33%), 111 (40%) total resolution, 20 (7%) partial resolution, 52 (19%) stability and 3 (1%) progression. CONCLUSION: Total resolution of hydronephrosis was observed in 73% of renal units during the first year. Routine antibiotic prophylaxis and VCUG might not be necessary in all infants with MIAHN, clinical and ultrasound follow-up being advisable during the first year of life.
Assuntos
Gerenciamento Clínico , Hidronefrose/diagnóstico por imagem , Pelve Renal/diagnóstico por imagem , Rim/diagnóstico por imagem , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal , Pré-Escolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Hidronefrose/etiologia , Hidronefrose/terapia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Gravidez , Terceiro Trimestre da Gravidez , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Infecções Urinárias/complicações , Infecções Urinárias/diagnósticoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Duplication of the ureter and renal pelvis is the most common anomaly of the upper urinary tract. Upper pole heminephrectomy is a treatment option when duplication anomalies are associated with ureteral ectopia or ureterocele with an associated nonfunctioning or infected upper pole moiety. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We describe a NOTES hybrid transvaginal upper pole heminephrectomy in a 24 year old with recurrent infections in a poorly functioning right upper pole moiety. The procedure was performed with a bariatric trocar in the vagina, and a multichannel single-port device (Triport, Olympus Surgical) in the umbilicus. An ultrasonic scalpel was used for the heminephrectomy. The specimen was retrieved through the vagina. RESULTS: Operative time was 150 minutes and blood loss 50 cc. One week later the patient developed urinoma at the surgical site and was re-explored laparoscopically. The cut edge of the heminephrectomy defect was fulgurated and a drain placed. The patient recovered uneventfully following re-exploration. CONCLUSIONS: We describe the technique for transvaginal Hybrid-NOTES heminephrectomy. This approach requires further development with respect to instrumentation, and surgical expertise. The combined umbilical and vaginal approached restored triangulation and facilitates dissection, but more experience is required to determine safety, efficacy and reproducibility.
Assuntos
Túbulos Renais Coletores/cirurgia , Cirurgia Endoscópica por Orifício Natural/métodos , Nefrectomia/métodos , Drenagem , Estética , Feminino , Humanos , Hidronefrose/etiologia , Hidronefrose/cirurgia , Hidronefrose/terapia , Túbulos Renais Coletores/anormalidades , Laparoscopia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Recidiva , Terapia por Ultrassom , Infecções Urinárias/etiologia , Urinoma/etiologia , Urinoma/cirurgia , Vagina , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: There is no formal agreement or criteria utilized to establish a standard of treatment in children with antenatally diagnosed HN. METHODS: We analyzed our own experience in addition to the protocols attending to this subject. Twenty eight (28) children with unilateral HN were assessed from October 1999 through October 2005 and the anteroposterior diameter of renal pelvis (APDP) was measured. RESULTS: Patients underwent surveillance with US and cintilography in 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. The treatment results were reviewed following the classification of Society of Fetal Urology: slight (2 to 5 mm), moderate (6 to 10 mm) and severe (> 10-15 mm). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that slight HN would never be operated on while the severe ones would always be. The moderate HN, on the other hand, would remain under surveillance with US and cintilography for two years.
Assuntos
Hidronefrose/terapia , Algoritmos , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Hidronefrose/diagnóstico por imagem , Lactente , Masculino , Ultrassonografia Pré-NatalRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Whereas a retrograde attempt to insert an indwelling stent is performed in lithotomy position, usually renal access is gained in a prone position. To overcome the time loss of patient repositioning, a renal puncture can be performed in a modified lithotomy position with torqued truncus and slightly elevated flank. There is a two-fold advantage of this position: transurethral and transrenal access can be obtained using a combined approach. In the present study, this simple technique is used to position a floppy guide wire through a modified needle directly through the renal pelvis into the ureter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The kidney is punctured in the modified lithotomy position under sonographic control using an initial three-part puncture needle. A floppy tip guide-wire is inserted into the collecting system via the needle after retrieving the stylet. The retracted needle is bent at the tip while the guide-wire is secured in the needle and the collecting system. The use of the floppy tip guide-wire helps to insert the curved needle back into the kidney pelvis, which becomes the precise guidance for the now steerable wire. The desired steerable stent is positioned under radiographic control in a retrograde fashion over the endoscopically harbored tip of the guide-wire. Two patient cohorts (newly described method and conventional method) were compared. RESULTS: The presented steering procedure saves 16.5 mean minutes compared to the conventional antegrade stenting and 79.5 Euros compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The described combined antegrade-retrograde stent placement through a bent three-part puncture needle results in both clinical superiority (OR time, success rate) and financial benefits.
Assuntos
Hidronefrose/terapia , Nefrostomia Percutânea/métodos , Stents , Retenção Urinária/terapia , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Pelve Renal , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Ultrassonografia de IntervençãoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Whereas a retrograde attempt to insert an indwelling stent is performed in lithotomy position, usually renal access is gained in a prone position. To overcome the time loss of patient repositioning, a renal puncture can be performed in a modified lithotomy position with torqued truncus and slightly elevated flank. There is a two-fold advantage of this position: transurethral and transrenal access can be obtained using a combined approach. In the present study, this simple technique is used to position a floppy guide wire through a modified needle directly through the renal pelvis into the ureter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The kidney is punctured in the modified lithotomy position under sonographic control using an initial three-part puncture needle. A floppy tip guide-wire is inserted into the collecting system via the needle after retrieving the stylet. The retracted needle is bent at the tip while the guide-wire is secured in the needle and the collecting system. The use of the floppy tip guide-wire helps to insert the curved needle back into the kidney pelvis, which becomes the precise guidance for the now steerable wire. The desired steerable stent is positioned under radiographic control in a retrograde fashion over the endoscopically harbored tip of the guide-wire. Two patient cohorts (newly described method and conventional method) were compared. RESULTS: The presented steering procedure saves 16.5 mean minutes compared to the conventional antegrade stenting and 79.5 Euros compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The described combined antegrade-retrograde stent placement through a bent three-part puncture needle results in both clinical superiority (OR time, success rate) and financial benefits.
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Hidronefrose/terapia , Nefrostomia Percutânea/métodos , Stents , Retenção Urinária/terapia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Desenho de Equipamento , Pelve Renal , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Ultrassonografia de IntervençãoRESUMO
Objetivo: La mayoría de las hidronefrosis antenatales se resuelven en forma espontánea, pero aquellas que presentan dilataciones mayores o severas requieren, por lo general, tratamiento quirúrgico. Existe un subgrupo de éstas que, pese a su gran dilatación, presentan función renal normal. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar a largo plazo aquellas dilataciones consideradas severas que han sido tratadas en forma conservadora. Método: Revisión de fichas clínicas e imagenología de pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de hidronefrosis atendidos en nuestra unidad. Resultado: Entre 1998 y 2005 se han atendido en nuestra unidad 289 niños con diagnóstico prenatal de malformación de la vía urinaria; 159 son hidronefrosis. Hubo 106 niños (67 por ciento) y 53 niñas (33 por ciento). De éstos, 37 pacientes eran severos; 15 se operaron y 22 se manejaron en forma conservadora con ecografía y renograma seriado. Nueve de los 22 (41 por ciento) requirieron pieloplastia a los 17 meses en promedio. En las 13 unidades restantes aún en seguimiento promedio de 27 meses (rango 4-60 meses), la función renal está conservada. No se encontraron diferencias significativas con respecto a función renal, grosor de parénquima y diámetro de la pelvis entre aquellos manejados quirúrgicamente v/s aquellos seguidos conservadoramente. Conclusiones: Proponemos que no toda hidronefrosis severa debe ser tratada quirúrgicamente. Creemos que los que son asintomáticos y tienen función renal normal deben seguirse en forma seriada con ecografía y cintigrafía renal para decidir su conducta. Aún es necesario encontrar algún método que permita prevenir el daño renal, donde el elaborar un protocolo prospectivo que evalúe las características del parénquima renal y su progresión en el tiempo puede tener alguna cabida.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Dilatação Patológica/diagnóstico , Hidronefrose/diagnóstico , Hidronefrose/terapia , Obstrução Uretral/embriologia , Sistema Urinário/anormalidades , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal , SeguimentosAssuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal/métodos , Doenças Fetais , Hidronefrose/diagnóstico , Hidronefrose/embriologia , Hidronefrose/terapia , Obstrução Ureteral/diagnóstico , Sistema Urinário/anormalidades , Doenças Urológicas/diagnóstico , Doenças Urológicas/embriologiaRESUMO
Introducción. La indicación de la cistouretrografía en todo neonato con hidronefrosis antenatal, independientemente del hallazgo posnatal, es controvertida. Objetivos. 1) Conocer el porcentaje de neonatos con hidronefrosis antenatal que presentaron una hidronefrosis posnatal leve, y 2) la incidencia de infección de la vía urinaria y la evolución clínica en dos grupos de pacientes manejados con diferentes protocolos. Población, material y métodos. Entre 1989 y 2003, 150 recién nacidos con hidronefrosis antenatal aislada fueron evaluados con ecografía renal y vesical. Se excluyeron, según la ecografía posnatal, los pacientes con riñones pequeños e hiperecogénicos, hidronefrosis moderadas, graves y bilaterales, hidroureteronefrosis, dobles sistemas o anomalías vesicales. Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de dos grupos de pacientes evaluados con distintos protocolos en forma prospectiva en dos períodos consecutivos. Grupo A) estudiados con cistouretrografía, determinandola incidencia de reflujo vesicoureteral y dejados con profilaxis antibiótica. Grupo B) sin cistouretrografía, ni quimioprofilaxis. De los 150 neonatos, 74 tuvieron hidronefrosis posnatal leve, 4 no tuvieron seguimiento, 23 pertenecieron al grupo A y 47 al B. Ambos grupos se controlaron clínicamente y ecográficamente cada 3 meses. Resultados. El 49,3 por ciento tuvo hidronefrosis posnatal leve. Se detectó reflujo de bajo grado en 3 de los 23 neonatos del grupo A. Sólo un paciente de este grupo, con cistouretrografía normal, tuvo 1 episodio de infección urinaria. De los 47 pacientes del grupo B, 4 (8,5 por ciento) tuvieron una infección urinaria. Se detectó reflujo de primer grado en un paciente y un divertículo de vejiga en otro. La hidronefrosis involucionó en el 80 y 78 por ciento de los pacientes de los grupos A y B respectivamente.
Assuntos
Recém-Nascido , Hidronefrose/classificação , Hidronefrose/complicações , Hidronefrose/diagnóstico , Hidronefrose/epidemiologia , Hidronefrose/terapia , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Cake kidney is a rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital tract, with a few more than 20 cases described in the literature. It can be diagnosed at any age range. Normally, drainage is achieved by 2 ureters, and there are only 5 reports in the literature of cake kidney drained by a single ureter. The authors describe one more case of this rare malformation of the urinary tract.
Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Rim/anormalidades , Ureter/anormalidades , Obstrução Ureteral/etiologia , Infecções Urinárias/etiologia , Hidronefrose/etiologia , Hidronefrose/terapia , Cálculos Renais/etiologia , Cálculos Renais/cirurgia , Rim/cirurgia , Rim , Resultado do Tratamento , Ureter/cirurgia , Obstrução Ureteral/cirurgiaRESUMO
Introducción. La indicación de la cistouretrografía en todo neonato con hidronefrosis antenatal, independientemente del hallazgo posnatal, es controvertida. Objetivos. 1) Conocer el porcentaje de neonatos con hidronefrosis antenatal que presentaron una hidronefrosis posnatal leve, y 2) la incidencia de infección de la vía urinaria y la evolución clínica en dos grupos de pacientes manejados con diferentes protocolos. Población, material y métodos. Entre 1989 y 2003, 150 recién nacidos con hidronefrosis antenatal aislada fueron evaluados con ecografía renal y vesical. Se excluyeron, según la ecografía posnatal, los pacientes con riñones pequeños e hiperecogénicos, hidronefrosis moderadas, graves y bilaterales, hidroureteronefrosis, dobles sistemas o anomalías vesicales. Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de dos grupos de pacientes evaluados con distintos protocolos en forma prospectiva en dos períodos consecutivos. Grupo A) estudiados con cistouretrografía, determinandola incidencia de reflujo vesicoureteral y dejados con profilaxis antibiótica. Grupo B) sin cistouretrografía, ni quimioprofilaxis. De los 150 neonatos, 74 tuvieron hidronefrosis posnatal leve, 4 no tuvieron seguimiento, 23 pertenecieron al grupo A y 47 al B. Ambos grupos se controlaron clínicamente y ecográficamente cada 3 meses. Resultados. El 49,3 por ciento tuvo hidronefrosis posnatal leve. Se detectó reflujo de bajo grado en 3 de los 23 neonatos del grupo A. Sólo un paciente de este grupo, con cistouretrografía normal, tuvo 1 episodio de infección urinaria. De los 47 pacientes del grupo B, 4 (8,5 por ciento) tuvieron una infección urinaria. Se detectó reflujo de primer grado en un paciente y un divertículo de vejiga en otro. La hidronefrosis involucionó en el 80 y 78 por ciento de los pacientes de los grupos A y B respectivamente.(AU)
Assuntos
Recém-Nascido , Hidronefrose/classificação , Hidronefrose/complicações , Hidronefrose/diagnóstico , Hidronefrose/epidemiologia , Hidronefrose/terapia , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Cake kidney is a rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital tract, with a few more than 20 cases described in the literature. It can be diagnosed at any age range. Normally, drainage is achieved by 2 ureters, and there are only 5 reports in the literature of cake kidney drained by a single ureter. The authors describe one more case of this rare malformation of the urinary tract.
Assuntos
Rim/anormalidades , Ureter/anormalidades , Obstrução Ureteral/etiologia , Infecções Urinárias/etiologia , Humanos , Hidronefrose/etiologia , Hidronefrose/terapia , Lactente , Rim/diagnóstico por imagem , Rim/cirurgia , Cálculos Renais/etiologia , Cálculos Renais/cirurgia , Masculino , Resultado do Tratamento , Ultrassonografia , Ureter/cirurgia , Obstrução Ureteral/cirurgiaRESUMO
Obstrução da junção ureteropélvica é a mais freqüente causa de hidronefrose detectada através da ultra-sonografia fetal. Antes da década de 80 a grande maioria dos casos era diagnosticada em crianças maiores geralmente sintomáticas, com dor abdominal e infecção urinária. Atualmente, a maioria dos casos de aparente obstrução da junção ureteropélvica é detectada na investigação de hidronefrose fetal em lactentes quase sempre assintomáticos. O objetivo dessa revisão é avaliar os aspectos relacionados a etiopatogênese e ao tratamento da obstrução da junção ureteropélvica. Foram revistos os principais estudos clínicos que compararam a abordagem conservadora com a cirúrgica. Essa compilação mostrou que a abordagem conservadora é segura para a maioria dos neonatos assintomáticos com obstrução de junção pieloureteral unilateral e a abordagem cirúrgica deve ser reservada para os casos que apresentem dano ao parênquima renal.
Ureteropelvic junction obstruction is the most frequent cause of prenatally detected fetal hydronephrosis. Before the eighties, most cases were detected in children with symptoms such as abdominal pain and urinary tract infection. Today, most cases of apparent ureteropelvic junction obstruction are identified by investigation of fetal hydronephrosis in asymptomatic infants. The aim of this review is to evaluate the aspects related with the pathogenesis and the approach of the ureteropelvic junction obstruction. The main clinical studies that compared conservative and surgical treatments were compiled. The review shows that the conservative approach is safe for asymptomatic neonates and the surgical procedure should be reserved for cases with damaged renal parenchvma.
Assuntos
Humanos , Hidronefrose/terapia , Obstrução Ureteral/terapia , Hidronefrose/diagnóstico , Terapias Fetais , Ultrassonografia Pré-NatalRESUMO
With the widespread use of obstetric echography the incidence of fetal hydronephrosis has been reported more frequently. Consequently, many uropathies have been detected in asymptomatic neonates. The authors report their experience with prenatally detected primary non-refluxing megaureter. Newborns with fetal hydronephrosis were investigated by ultrasonography and micturating cystourethrogram after the beginning of chemoprophylaxis. If primary megaureter was identified, after 1 month the children underwent 99tm-DMSA, diuretic 99tm-DTPA, and intravenous urography. Eight infants with primary megaureter (bilateral in 3 cases) were identified, for a total of 11 renal units for study. All children were submitted to non-operative management. We performed ultrasonography and diuretic 99tm-DTPA during follow-up, which lasted on average 75 months. The mean cross-sectional diameter of the dilated ureter was 13.6 mm during neonatal period, and reached 8.4 mm at the end of follow-up. The renal function and the diuretic renogram remained stable throughout follow-up. Two neonates presented transitory hypertension. Our results support the notion that conservative management is safe for primary megaureter detected in asymptomatic neonates, with most cases showing spontaneous regression during a prolonged follow-up.