RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patients with periodontal disease show differences in the profile of proteins in whole saliva. This profile reflects the nature and amplitude of the host response to a periodontal microbial challenge. Since periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with different progression stages, the aim of the study was to evaluate the host response in these different clinical stages by assessing salivary flow rate, the concentrations of proteins and mucin and the amylase activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty adult subjects were clinically examined and distributed into four groups (n = 15) according to the periodontal status, namely, healthy, mild, moderate and severe periodontitis. Whole saliva was collected for 5 min, followed by a second 5 min sampling period with stimulation by chewing a paraffin block, and flow rate was determined. Salivary proteins, amylase and mucin were determined by colorimetric methods. RESULTS: The concentrations of proteins, amylase and mucin increased in subjects with moderate and severe periodontal disease in unstimulated saliva, while flow rate decreased. A positive correlation was found between proteins and amylase or mucin concentrations among the different groups, indicating that the concentrations changed in the same way, being the response of salivary glands to the disease, possibly to enhance the protective potential of saliva. Mucin concentration was lower in the mild periodontitis group. Mechanical stimulation induced an increase in flow rate and output of proteins, amylase and mucin. CONCLUSION: Periodontitis induces an increase in the output of proteins, including mucin and amylase, thereby enhancing the protective potential of saliva, but this is accompanied by a decrease in flow rate.
Assuntos
Amilases/análise , Periodontite Crônica/metabolismo , Mucinas/análise , Saliva/química , Proteínas e Peptídeos Salivares/análise , Adulto , Periodontite Crônica/classificação , Colorimetria , Feminino , Hemorragia Gengival/classificação , Hemorragia Gengival/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/classificação , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/metabolismo , Índice Periodontal , Bolsa Periodontal/classificação , Bolsa Periodontal/metabolismo , Periodonto/metabolismo , Estimulação Física , Saliva/metabolismo , Taxa Secretória/fisiologiaRESUMO
Susceptibility to and development of periodontal disease have been associated with psychological conditions. Previous studies have associated the presence of polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter with several behavioral traits and psychological conditions such as depression, anxiety, and stress. The short allele S has a reduced transcriptional efficiency and is associated with lowered serotonin expression and uptake. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and aggressive periodontitis in a sample of Brazilian individuals. This study involved 61 individuals affected by aggressive periodontitis and 71 without periodontitis. Genomic DNA was obtained from oral swabs, amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and genotyped at 5-HTTLPR. The Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. The aggressive periodontitis group displayed a significantly higher occurrence of genotype SS (P < 0.01) and of allele S (P < 0.01). After adjustment for gender and age, it was observed that genotype SS occurred 8 times more frequently in this group. Our findings suggest that 5-HTTLPR polymorphism might be associated with aggressive periodontitis in the Brazilian population.