RESUMO
Oregano infusions have traditionally been used to treat some diseases related to inflammation and cancer; also, some species have shown antiproliferative activity on cancer cell lines, for example, colon and liver, and this has been attributed to its phytochemical profile, mainly its phenolic compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and antiproliferative potential of the polyphenols-rich extracts (PRE) of the oregano species H. patens, L. graveolens, and L. palmeri on breast cancer cell lines. The PRE of the three oregano species were obtained from dried leaves. The extract was characterized by determining antioxidant activity, total phenols content, and identifying the profile of phenolic acids and flavonoids by chromatography UPLC-MS/MS. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated in vitro on a non-cancer cell line of fibroblast NIH3T3 and the antiproliferative potential on the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. L. graveolens showed the highest antioxidant capacity and significantly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells at non-cytotoxic concentrations in normal cells, with a similar effect to that cisplatin in MDA-MB-231 cells. Therefore, the polyphenol-rich extract from L. graveolens showed the greatest potential to guide future research on the antiproliferative mechanism of action.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias da Mama , Hedeoma , Lippia , Origanum , Animais , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/análise , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Proliferação de Células , Cromatografia Líquida , Feminino , Humanos , Lippia/química , Células MCF-7 , Camundongos , Células NIH 3T3 , Origanum/química , Fenóis/análise , Fenóis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Polifenóis/análise , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Espectrometria de Massas em TandemRESUMO
Hedeoma piperita Benth. is a perennial herb from the Lamiaceae family, which is highly valued for its medicinal and culinary properties by the Purépecha ethnic group in Michoacán, Mexico. The species presents populations of two morphotypes (white and purple corollas) that have not been formally studied. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the morphological and genetic variation between the two morphotypes. We sampled individuals from 15 populations within the Purépecha Plateau in western Mexico to measure 33 quantitative and qualitative morphological variable characters (vegetative and reproductive) and to estimate genetic diversity and structure using six nuclear microsatellite markers. Principal Component Analysis showed a clear separation between populations of the two morphotypes, which differences were statistically significant for all vegetative (n = 11) and reproductive (n = 22) characters. Similarly, Bayesian and multivariate cluster analyses based on the microsatellite data supported the distinction of the two morphotypes, except for one population of the white corolla that was genetically closer to the purple corolla group. Genetic diversity was moderate to low across populations of the two morphotypes, and inbreeding (FIS) was significantly higher in populations of the purple corolla. Our morphological and genetic data support the presence of two divergent morphotypes in H. piperita. This species is of high importance within the Purépecha culture, but unfortunately is declining in the region due to its high extraction rates. Thus, our results are valuable to delineate germplasm zones for future breeding programs and for informing in situ conservation strategies.
Assuntos
Variação Genética , Hedeoma/genética , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Plantas Medicinais/genética , Teorema de Bayes , Núcleo Celular/genética , Cor , Flores/anatomia & histologia , Flores/genética , Genética Populacional/métodos , Geografia , Hedeoma/anatomia & histologia , Hedeoma/classificação , México , Pigmentação/genética , Plantas Medicinais/anatomia & histologia , Plantas Medicinais/classificação , Análise de Componente Principal , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
The aim of the present work was to optimize the main experimental variables of a procedure using HS-SPME/GC-MS as the analytical methodology to establish the profile of the volatile compounds present in aerial parts of Hedeoma multiflorum Benth. The influence of the type of fiber, equilibrium time, extraction time and extraction temperature on the composition of the volatile compounds was determined using response surface methodology (RSM), and the parameters of the models were corroborated by multiple linear regressions. The results showed that the regression models generated adequately explained the data variation and represented the relationships between the parameters and their responses. The optimal analysis conditions from the contour plots were established (DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber, with a 10 min equilibrium time, 10 min extraction time, and 40°C). Under these conditions, 41 volatile components in the whole plant were determined, which represents more than those reported using hydrodistillation.
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue optimizar las principales variables experimentales de un procedimiento HS-SPME/GC para establecer el perfil de compuestos volaÌtiles presentes en la parte aeÌrea de Hedeoma multiflorum Benth. Se determinoÌ la influencia de las variables tipo de fibra, tiempo de equilibrio, tiempo de extraccioÌn y temperatura de extraccioÌn sobre la composicioÌn de los volaÌtiles, utilizando una met odologiÌa de superficie de respuesta (RSM) y los paraÌmetros del modelo se corroboraron por regresioÌn lineal muÌltiple. Los resultados demostraron que los modelos de regresioÌn generados explican adecuadamente la variacioÌn de los datos y representaron significativamente las relaciones reales entre los paraÌmetros y sus respuestas. Las condiciones oÌptimas de anaÌlisis fueron establecidas (DVB/CAR/PDMS, con un tiempo de equilibrio de 10 minutos, un tiempo de extraccioÌn de 10 minutos y trabajando a 40°C). Utilizando esta metodologiÌa, se determinaron 41 componentes volaÌtiles en planta entera, maÌs que los reportados mediante hidrodestilacioÌn.
Assuntos
Hedeoma , Microextração em Fase Sólida/métodos , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/química , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas/métodosRESUMO
Hedeoma drummondii is a medicinal plant with diverse properties; however, validations of its medicinal uses are scarce. To evaluate its antimicrobial properties H. drummondii, was tested against opportunistic pathogens of medical importance. Antimicrobial tests were performed by the microdilution method in order to determine the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for each extract. Extracts of this plant showed relevant antimicrobial activity, results revealed that the hexanic extract has stronger activity and broader spectrum compared to acetone and methanol extracts. The activity of hexanic extract may be attributed mainly to the presence of the monoterpenes pulegone and menthol. In conclusion, the hexanic extract possess relevant antibacterial properties which suggests that H. drummondii have bioactive principles; these new data provide scientific support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine, particularly for gastrointestinal diseases.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Hedeoma/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Monoterpenos Cicloexânicos , Hexanos/química , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Monoterpenos/farmacologiaRESUMO
CONTEXT: Hedeoma multiflorum Benth. (Lamiaceae) is widely used in Argentinean popular medicine for digestive and anti-spasmodic purposes. However, knowledge about its pharmacological properties has been poorly investigated. OBJECTIVE: The antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of an aqueous extract from the plant were investigated for the first time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Scavenging of stable free radicals of 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS(+)) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), reducing of ferric (III) iron of ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) reagent, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LP) of human plasma and rat brain homogenates were assessed. Cytotoxicity was tested on human polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cytotoxicity was assessed by flow cytometric techniques. RESULTS: Extract scavenged ABTS(+) and DPPH (1.78 and 0.78 µmol Trolox equivalent/mg dry extract, respectively) and reduced FRAP reagent (0.66 µmol ascorbic acid equivalent/mg dry extract). LP of human plasma and rat brain was also inhibited in a dose-dependent way (inhibitory concentration 50%=27.0 and 86.0 µg/mL, respectively). Extract is rich in polyphenol compounds (0.96 ± 0.08 µmol equivalent caffeic acid/mg dry matter). Treatment of PMN decreased significantly the cell ability to reduce the MTT salt and increased the hypodiploid nuclei from 4 to 18% quantified using propidium iodide (PI). In the annexin V-Fluorescein isothiocyanate (annexin V-FITC) assay, 26% of treated cells were annexin V-FITC positive and PI negative. Using the 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide uptake method, the negative fraction of cells was calculated as 29%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: H. multiflorum extract was found to have a significant antioxidant and pro-apoptotic activities, and a great potential as a source of healthy products.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Hedeoma/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Plantas Medicinais/química , Animais , Antioxidantes/química , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Argentina , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Radicais Livres/metabolismo , Humanos , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Oxirredução/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Plasma/metabolismo , Ratos , Água/químicaRESUMO
Hedeoma drummondii (poleo) has been used by Mexicans to prepare a tea for its pleasant taste. The methanolic extract, polar fractions, and major antioxidant compounds of the Mexican herbal tea obtained from aerial parts of H. drummondii ("poleo") showed antiproliferative effects against the cancer cell lines MCF-7 (human breast) and HeLa (human cervix). Phenolic acids isolated from poleo have significant antiproliferative effects with caffeic acid the most potent. This evidence suggests that herbal poleo tea may have chemopreventive properties.
Assuntos
Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Hedeoma/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/análise , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Ácidos Cafeicos/análise , Ácidos Cafeicos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Células HeLa , Humanos , México , Extratos Vegetais/análiseRESUMO
The aerial parts of the Lamiaceae Hedeoma drummondii (Benth.) are used in Mexico to prepare a herbal tea and by North American Amerindians as a spice. The methanolic extract of the aerial parts exhibited a strong antioxidant effect measured by the scavenging of the free diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Assay-guided fractionation of the crude methanolic extract allowed the identification of three major active constituents, chlorogenic, caffeic and rosmarinic acid, as well as sideritoflavone derivatives and simple phenolics. The TEAC, FRAP, total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined. The high content of caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid relates to the antioxidant activity of H. drummondii.