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Intracranial lipomatous hamartomas are considered a non-invasive, benign lesion formed by well-differentiated adipocytes with or without capsules. A necropsy of an ewe presenting apathy, hypokinesis, anorexia, and adipsia revealed a soft, whitish, oval, pendular nodule approximately 6 mm long in the bulb region, located in the pontocerebellum. Histopathological assessments revealed a benign lesion formed mainly by well-differentiated adipocytes, fibrocytes, myelinated nervous fibers, and skeletal striated muscle, characterizing an intracranial lipomatous hamartoma. This is the first report of this condition in sheep.

O hamartoma lipomatoso intracraniano é considerado uma lesão benigna não invasiva formada por adipócitos bem diferenciados com ou sem cápsulas. A necropsia de uma ovelha com apatia, hipocinesia, anorexia e adipsia revelou um nódulo pendular oval, macio, esbranquiçado, de aproximadamente 6 mm de comprimento na região do bulbo, localizado no pontocerebelo. A histopatologia revelou lesão proliferativa formada principalmente por adipócitos bem diferenciados, fibrócitos, fibras nervosas mielinizadas e músculo estriado esquelético caracterizando hamartoma lipomatoso intracraniano. Este é o primeiro relato da condição em ovelhas.

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Background: Vascular hamartomas (VH) are rare or simply underdiagnosed injuries in veterinary medicine and represent a non-neoplastic developmental anomaly disorganization and proliferation of endothelial tissue. VH occur in any region of the body, however in the brain present clinical relevance related with the potential for spontaneous bleeding, adjacent tissue compression and convulsive activity. The aim of these reports is to describe clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical features of a case of cerebrovascular hamartoma and highlight the diagnosis of these rare brain disorder in dogs. Case: A 10-year-old male dog, a Campeiro Bulldog breed presented convulsions episodes and died before an elective surgical procedure for eyelid nodule removal. Three red nodules were observed in the brain, one between the parietal lobe and the left occipital lobe (in the medium suprasylviam sulcus), the other in the caudal region of the corpus callosum and the third one in the cerebellar cortex. Central nervous system, eyelids and most organs and tissues samples were collected, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and processed for histopathological analysis. Histologically, in the eyelid was detected a sebaceous adenoma. The nervous system samples revealed well-differentiated sizes vascular structures with thin-walled and blood-filled, promoting compression of the brain. Normal neuropile was detected between the vascular structures substantiating cerebral vascular hamartoma diagnosis in the dog. Immunohistochemical assay was conducted with CD31 (monoclonal mouse antibody anti-CD31, Clone JC70A, Dako Corp.) and Von Willebrand factor (monoclonal mouse antibody anti-Von Willebrand factor, Clone F8/86, Dako Corp.) using the biotin–peroxidase–streptavidin method (PolyDetector Plus DAB–HRP, Bio SB) on CNS sections to confirm the vascular origin of the lining cells in the mass….(AU)

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Background: Vascular hamartomas (VH) are rare or simply underdiagnosed injuries in veterinary medicine and represent a non-neoplastic developmental anomaly disorganization and proliferation of endothelial tissue. VH occur in any region of the body, however in the brain present clinical relevance related with the potential for spontaneous bleeding, adjacent tissue compression and convulsive activity. The aim of these reports is to describe clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical features of a case of cerebrovascular hamartoma and highlight the diagnosis of these rare brain disorder in dogs. Case: A 10-year-old male dog, a Campeiro Bulldog breed presented convulsions episodes and died before an elective surgical procedure for eyelid nodule removal. Three red nodules were observed in the brain, one between the parietal lobe and the left occipital lobe (in the medium suprasylviam sulcus), the other in the caudal region of the corpus callosum and the third one in the cerebellar cortex. Central nervous system, eyelids and most organs and tissues samples were collected, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and processed for histopathological analysis. Histologically, in the eyelid was detected a sebaceous adenoma. The nervous system samples revealed well-differentiated sizes vascular structures with thin-walled and blood-filled, promoting compression of the brain. Normal neuropile was detected between the vascular structures substantiating cerebral vascular hamartoma diagnosis in the dog. Immunohistochemical assay was conducted with CD31 (monoclonal mouse antibody anti-CD31, Clone JC70A, Dako Corp.) and Von Willebrand factor (monoclonal mouse antibody anti-Von Willebrand factor, Clone F8/86, Dako Corp.) using the biotin–peroxidase–streptavidin method (PolyDetector Plus DAB–HRP, Bio SB) on CNS sections to confirm the vascular origin of the lining cells in the mass….

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Fibroadnexal hamartoma (FH), also called focal adnexal dysplasia, is the most common hamartomatous lesion in dogs. There are few retrospective studies about FH in dogs, which did not describe histopathological findings in detail. The main objective was to conduct a retrospective study and to describe the epidemiological and histopathological characteristics of a series of 102 FH cases in dogs. Descriptive statistics and Odds Ratio were used to analyze the data. The lesions were exophytic and measured on average 2.5 cm in diameter. The anatomic sites most affected were the limbs and digital region. The animals were on average 7 years of age and both sexes were equally affected. Doberman (OR: 4.15; P=0.0069) and Schnauzer (OR: 2.50; P=0.049) showed a higher risk for FH. Recurrence was not observed in any case. Four histopathological FH subtypes were identified: follicle-sebaceous (73.53%), sebaceous (16.66%), follicular (8.82%) and sebaceous-apocrine (0.98%). Diffuse and perianexial fibroplasia and inflammation were frequently seen. Chronic inflammation and mature adipocytes were seen in 71.6% and 7.8% of the cases, respectively.(AU)

Hamartoma fibroanexial (HF), também denominado displasia focal anexial, é a lesão hamartomatosa mais comum em cães. Existem poucos estudos retrospectivos sobre HF em cães, os quais não descrevem detalhadamente os achados histopatológicos. O objetivo principal foi realizar um estudo retrospectivo e descrever as características epidemiológicas e histopatológicas de uma série de 102 casos de HF em cães. A estatística descritiva e Odds Ratio foram utilizadas para a análise dos dados. As lesões foram exofíticas e mediram em média 2,5 cm de diâmetro. Os locais anatômicos mais acometidos foram os membros e dígitos. Os animais tinham em média 7 anos de idade e ambos os sexos foram igualmente acometidos. Doberman (OR: 4.15; P=0,0069) e Schnauzer (OR: 2,50; P=0,049) mostraram-se com maior risco para o HF. Não foi relatada recorrência para nenhum caso. Quatro subtipos histopatológicos de HF foram identificados: folículo-sebáceo (73,53%), sebáceo (16,66%), folicular (8,82%) e sebáceo-apócrino (0,98%). Fibroplasia difusa e perianexial e inflamação foram frequentemente observadas. Inflamação crônica e adipócitos maduros foram vistos em 71,6% e 7,8% dos casos, respectivamente.(AU)

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A cistomatose de glândula apócrina é uma condição rara e não-neoplásica, que tem sido relatada em cães e gatos, e caracterizada por vários grupos de glândulas sudoríparas dilatadas, cuja distribuição generalizada raramente é observada. Uma fêmea de onça-pintada melânica (Panthera onca), com idade estimada de 16 anos e mantida em cativeiro, apresentou aumento de volume abdominal. Ao exame físico foram observados vários nódulos de consistência macia e flutuante, não aderidos, com tamanho de 2 a 15cm de diâmetro, na região ventral abdominal. Outras massas de menor diâmetro (0,5-1,0cm) estavam presentes na região cervical e no dorso do animal. Estas massas foram removidas em um procedimento cirúrgico. Dentro deste cisto havia conteúdo líquido, inodoro e translúcido. Microscopicamente, observou-se entre a derme média e profunda a formação de múltiplos cistos de tamanho variável. Esses cistos eram revestidos por uma única camada de células predominantemente cubóides. Em alguns focos eram observadas raras projeções papiliformes de epitélio glandular. O citoplasma estava levemente eosinofílico e com raras imagens de decapitação do ápice. O diagnóstico de cistomatose de glândulas apócrinas foi realizado através dos achados macroscópicos e microscópicos.(AU)

Cystomatosis of the apocrine gland is a rare condition reported in dogs and cats. It is a non-neoplastic condition, characterized by several groups of dilated cystic sweat glands. Rarely a more widespread distribution can be observed. A captive female about 16 year-old melanic jaguar (Panthera onca) presented increased abdominal volume. Physical examination showed multiple floating nodular masses ranging from to 2 to 15cm in diameter located in the ventral abdomen. Other masses of smaller diameter (0.5-1.0cm) were present in the cervical region and in the back of the jaguar. These masses were surgically removed. Within this cyst had a odorless translucent content. Microscopically, between the mid and deep dermis there existed multiple cysts of different sizes, coated with a single layer of cuboidal cells. In some foci, there were rare papilliform projections of glandular epithelium. The cytoplasm was slightly eosinophilic with rare images of decapitation of the apex. The diagnostic of apocrine cystomatosis was performed through macroscopic and microscopic findings.(AU)

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A cistomatose de glândula apócrina é uma condição rara e não-neoplásica, que tem sido relatada em cães e gatos, e caracterizada por vários grupos de glândulas sudoríparas dilatadas, cuja distribuição generalizada raramente é observada. Uma fêmea de onça-pintada melânica (Panthera onca), com idade estimada de 16 anos e mantida em cativeiro, apresentou aumento de volume abdominal. Ao exame físico foram observados vários nódulos de consistência macia e flutuante, não aderidos, com tamanho de 2 a 15cm de diâmetro, na região ventral abdominal. Outras massas de menor diâmetro (0,5-1,0cm) estavam presentes na região cervical e no dorso do animal. Estas massas foram removidas em um procedimento cirúrgico. Dentro deste cisto havia conteúdo líquido, inodoro e translúcido. Microscopicamente, observou-se entre a derme média e profunda a formação de múltiplos cistos de tamanho variável. Esses cistos eram revestidos por uma única camada de células predominantemente cubóides. Em alguns focos eram observadas raras projeções papiliformes de epitélio glandular. O citoplasma estava levemente eosinofílico e com raras imagens de decapitação do ápice. O diagnóstico de cistomatose de glândulas apócrinas foi realizado através dos achados macroscópicos e microscópicos.(AU)

Cystomatosis of the apocrine gland is a rare condition reported in dogs and cats. It is a non-neoplastic condition, characterized by several groups of dilated cystic sweat glands. Rarely a more widespread distribution can be observed. A captive female about 16 year-old melanic jaguar (Panthera onca) presented increased abdominal volume. Physical examination showed multiple floating nodular masses ranging from to 2 to 15cm in diameter located in the ventral abdomen. Other masses of smaller diameter (0.5-1.0cm) were present in the cervical region and in the back of the jaguar. These masses were surgically removed. Within this cyst had a odorless translucent content. Microscopically, between the mid and deep dermis there existed multiple cysts of different sizes, coated with a single layer of cuboidal cells. In some foci, there were rare papilliform projections of glandular epithelium. The cytoplasm was slightly eosinophilic with rare images of decapitation of the apex. The diagnostic of apocrine cystomatosis was performed through macroscopic and microscopic findings.(AU)

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During routine inspection of a slaughtered heifer from a feedlot, the veterinarian in charge condemned the heartdue to a lesion on the endocardium. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry showed that the lesion was composed bycardiac tissues at different degree of differentiation, disordered and out of proportion. The most conspicuous was adispersed population of large, vacuolated and PAS positive cells, enmeshed in excessive fibrous connective tissue. Thesecells, identified as spider cells, resulted markedly positive for desmin, and negative for vimentin, smooth muscle α-actin andmyogenin factor 4. An extensive infiltration by fibro-fatty tissue was other abnormal component of the lesion. Furthermore,abnormal cardiomyoblasts forming tortuous bundles were also recognized. Nonetheless, these cells showed distinctivestriations and even intercalated discs. Some of this abnormal cardiac myoblasts resulted markedly positive for desmin andisolated strands also were positive for smooth muscle α-actin, but negative for myogenin factor 4 and vimentin. Based onthe pathognomonic spider cells and immunoreactivity, the lesion was classified as a cardiac rhabdomyoma. For some, thecardiac rhabdomyomas are not true neoplasms but congenital hamartomas in heart. However, principal component incardiac hamartomas in animals is an abnormal vascular pattern completely different from the lesion herein presented. Basedon the diverse tissue components, their immature and distorted image and, positive results for immunomarkers of earlymyoblast differentiation as well as terminal cardiomyocyte characteristics, dysplasia must be considered as the commondenominator in development of cardiac rhabdomyomas with tissue heterogeneity.(AU)

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RESUMO

During routine inspection of a slaughtered heifer from a feedlot, the veterinarian in charge condemned the heartdue to a lesion on the endocardium. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry showed that the lesion was composed bycardiac tissues at different degree of differentiation, disordered and out of proportion. The most conspicuous was adispersed population of large, vacuolated and PAS positive cells, enmeshed in excessive fibrous connective tissue. Thesecells, identified as spider cells, resulted markedly positive for desmin, and negative for vimentin, smooth muscle α-actin andmyogenin factor 4. An extensive infiltration by fibro-fatty tissue was other abnormal component of the lesion. Furthermore,abnormal cardiomyoblasts forming tortuous bundles were also recognized. Nonetheless, these cells showed distinctivestriations and even intercalated discs. Some of this abnormal cardiac myoblasts resulted markedly positive for desmin andisolated strands also were positive for smooth muscle α-actin, but negative for myogenin factor 4 and vimentin. Based onthe pathognomonic spider cells and immunoreactivity, the lesion was classified as a cardiac rhabdomyoma. For some, thecardiac rhabdomyomas are not true neoplasms but congenital hamartomas in heart. However, principal component incardiac hamartomas in animals is an abnormal vascular pattern completely different from the lesion herein presented. Basedon the diverse tissue components, their immature and distorted image and, positive results for immunomarkers of earlymyoblast differentiation as well as terminal cardiomyocyte characteristics, dysplasia must be considered as the commondenominator in development of cardiac rhabdomyomas with tissue heterogeneity.

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O hamartoma é uma proliferação não neoplásica, podendo envolver um ou mais componente da pele. Quando há acometimento do colágeno da derme, recebe a denominação de hamartoma colagenoso. Este equivale a uma condição rara em cães. Objetivou-se descrever tal distúrbio em canino. Uma cadela, seis anos, sem raça definida, possuía lesão cutânea. A paciente foi submetida ao exame físico. Optou-se porrealizar biopsia excisional e o material obtido foi enviado para a histopatologia. Havia um nódulo epidermodermal,localizado na região patelar esquerda. Não ocorriam alterações em outras áreas anatômicas. O padrão histológico foi compatível com hamartoma colagenoso. Este deve ser incluído como diagnóstico diferencial das neoformações cutâneas neoplásicas e não neoplásicas da espécie canina. (AU)

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O hamartoma é uma proliferação não neoplásica, podendo envolver um ou mais componente da pele. Quando há acometimento do colágeno da derme, recebe a denominação de hamartoma colagenoso. Este equivale a uma condição rara em cães. Objetivou-se descrever tal distúrbio em canino. Uma cadela, seis anos, sem raça definida, possuía lesão cutânea. A paciente foi submetida ao exame físico. Optou-se porrealizar biopsia excisional e o material obtido foi enviado para a histopatologia. Havia um nódulo epidermodermal,localizado na região patelar esquerda. Não ocorriam alterações em outras áreas anatômicas. O padrão histológico foi compatível com hamartoma colagenoso. Este deve ser incluído como diagnóstico diferencial das neoformações cutâneas neoplásicas e não neoplásicas da espécie canina.

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