RESUMO
The presence of infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) in Cuba has been previously documented. However, genetic information on the strains that circulate in the Cuban people is still unknown. The present work constitutes the first study concerning the phylogenetic relationship of HIV-2 Cuban isolates conducted on 13 Cuban patients who were diagnosed with HIV-2. The env sequences were analyzed for the construction of a phylogenetic tree with reference sequences of HIV-2. Phylogenetic analysis of the env gene showed that all the Cuban sequences clustered in group A of HIV-2. The analysis indicated several independent introductions of HIV-2 into Cuba. The results of the study will reinforce the program on the epidemiological surveillance of the infection in Cuba and make possible further molecular evolutionary studies.
Assuntos
Variação Genética , Infecções por HIV/virologia , HIV-2/classificação , HIV-2/genética , Filogenia , Adulto , Idoso , Análise por Conglomerados , Cuba , Feminino , HIV-2/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Adulto Jovem , Produtos do Gene env do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana/genéticaRESUMO
The high level of HIV genetic diversity has important implications for screening, diagnostic testing and patient monitoring. Continued diversification and global redistribution of HIV groups, subtypes and recombinants make it imperative that serological and molecular assays be designed and evaluated to ensure reliable performance on all HIV infections. Recognizing the importance of this issue, we initiated a comprehensive program to monitor global diversification of HIV, search for newly emerging variants, assemble large-volume panels of genetically and geographically diverse strains, and develop strategies to determine the impact of HIV diversity on assays used for detecting and monitoring HIV infection. Efforts to identify and characterize rare and emerging HIV strains have lead to the identification of HIV-1 group O, group N, and dual infections of groups M and O. A panel of plasma specimens was established that includes specimens collected from 12 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, and South America; the panel comprises infections due to HIV-1 group M subtypes A, B, C, D, F, and G, as well as CRF01, CRF02, and unique recombinant forms, group N, and group O. Serological and molecular characterization of this unique panel has provided vital sequence data to support assay development and an invaluable source of well-defined specimens to evaluate and compare assay performance. The ability to address the challenge posed by ongoing evolution of HIV and the emergence of new variants requires continued surveillance of global HIV strain diversity, a sound scientific foundation for assay development, and suitable panels to evaluate and validate assay performance.
Assuntos
Variação Genética , Infecções por HIV/virologia , HIV-1/genética , HIV-2/genética , África , Ásia , Bioensaio , Europa (Continente) , Evolução Molecular , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , HIV-1/classificação , HIV-1/imunologia , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , HIV-2/classificação , Humanos , Epidemiologia Molecular , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico/virologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , América do SulRESUMO
This article looks at the history, development, progress and research of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) which causes AIDS. The author reports of the ongoing research into a vaccine for HIV, he examines the viral life cycle and indicates the points at which the virus can be attacked, and classifies antiviral strategies