RESUMO
Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de uma ou duas doses de prostaglandina F2α (PGF2α) associada ou não a gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) sobre a dinâmica folicular, a função luteal pré-ovulatória, assim como as características morfofuncionais pós-ovulatórias do corpo lúteo (CL) em fêmeas mestiças cíclicas submetidas a um protocolo de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF). Para tanto, 29 vacas 3/4 Gir x Holandês multíparas foram submetidas ao exame de ultrassonografia (US) transretal e após a detecção do CL iniciou-se um protocolo de IATF em um dia denominado zero (D0), por meio da inserção do implante de progesterona (P4) associado à aplicação de 2,0mg de benzoato de estradiol. No D7 esses animais receberam 12,5mg de dinoprost trometamina. No D9 realizou a remoção dos dispositivos de P4 e aplicou 0,6mg de cipionato de estradiol. Nesse momento, as fêmeas foram subdivididas nos seguintes tratamentos: Grupo Controle (n=7), foi administrado 2,5mL de solução fisiológica; Grupo 2PGF (n=7), aplicou 12,5mg de dinoprost trometamina; Grupo eCG (n=7), administrou-se 300UI de eCG; Grupo 2PGF+eCG (n=8), realizou a aplicação de 300UI de eCG e 12,5mg de dinoprost trometamina. Para avaliar a dinâmica folicular foram realizados exames de US em modo B e power doppler (Mindray Z5, Shenzhen, China) a cada 12h do D7 até o momento da ovulação ou 96h após a remoção dos implantes de P4, mensurando-se o diâmetro folicular (DFOL), a área da parede folicular (AFOL) e a área de perfusão sanguínea da parede folicular (VFOL). Concomitante a cada exame, foram coletadas amostras de sangue sendo determinada a concentração sérica de P4 pré-ovulatória por meio da metodologia de quimioluminescência. No D24 foi realizada a US modo B e doppler analisando-se o diâmetro luteal (DCL), área luteal (ACL) e área de perfusão sanguínea do CL (VCL), assim como, foi coletada amostra de sangue para averiguar a concentração sérica de P4 pós-ovulatória.(AU)
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of one or two prostaglandin doses F2α (PGF2a) with or without equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) in the follicular dynamics, the preovulatory luteal function, as well as the structural and functional characteristics post-ovulatory of the corpus luteum (CL) in cyclic crossbred females subjected to a fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol. For this, 29 multiparous 3/4 Gyr x Holstein cows were subjected to transrectal ultrasound examination (US) and upon detection of CL initiated a FTAI protocol on day called zero (D0) by the insertion of progesterone implant (P4) associated with the application of 2.0mg estradiol benzoate. On D7, these animals received 12.5mg of dinoprost tromethamine. At D9 happened the removal of the P4 devices and was applied 0.6mg of estradiol cypionate. At that time, the females were divided into the following treatments: control group (n=7) - which received 2.5mL of saline solution, 2PGF group (n=7) - received 12.5mg of dinoprost tromethamine, eCG group (n=7) - was administered 300IU eCG and eCG+2PGF group (n=8) - which received 300 IU eCG and 12.5mg of dinoprost tromethamine. To assess follicular dynamics were performed US scans B-mode and power doppler (Mindray Z5, Shenzhen, China) each 12h on D7 until the time of ovulation or until 96h after removal of the P4 implants, considering the follicular diameter (DFOL), the area of the follicular wall (AFOL) and the blood perfusion area of the follicular wall (VFOL). Concomitant with each test, blood samples were collected to determine the serum concentration of P4 preovulatory by chemiluminescence methodology. In D24 had held US B-mode and doppler to analyse the luteal diameter (DCL), luteal area (ACL) and blood perfusion area CL (VCL). (AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Proestro/fisiologia , Bovinos/metabolismo , Gonadotropinas Equinas/análise , Sincronização do EstroRESUMO
Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de uma ou duas doses de prostaglandina F2α (PGF2α) associada ou não a gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) sobre a dinâmica folicular, a função luteal pré-ovulatória, assim como as características morfofuncionais pós-ovulatórias do corpo lúteo (CL) em fêmeas mestiças cíclicas submetidas a um protocolo de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF). Para tanto, 29 vacas 3/4 Gir x Holandês multíparas foram submetidas ao exame de ultrassonografia (US) transretal e após a detecção do CL iniciou-se um protocolo de IATF em um dia denominado zero (D0), por meio da inserção do implante de progesterona (P4) associado à aplicação de 2,0mg de benzoato de estradiol. No D7 esses animais receberam 12,5mg de dinoprost trometamina. No D9 realizou a remoção dos dispositivos de P4 e aplicou 0,6mg de cipionato de estradiol. Nesse momento, as fêmeas foram subdivididas nos seguintes tratamentos: Grupo Controle (n=7), foi administrado 2,5mL de solução fisiológica; Grupo 2PGF (n=7), aplicou 12,5mg de dinoprost trometamina; Grupo eCG (n=7), administrou-se 300UI de eCG; Grupo 2PGF+eCG (n=8), realizou a aplicação de 300UI de eCG e 12,5mg de dinoprost trometamina. Para avaliar a dinâmica folicular foram realizados exames de US em modo B e power doppler (Mindray Z5, Shenzhen, China) a cada 12h do D7 até o momento da ovulação ou 96h após a remoção dos implantes de P4, mensurando-se o diâmetro folicular (DFOL), a área da parede folicular (AFOL) e a área de perfusão sanguínea da parede folicular (VFOL). Concomitante a cada exame, foram coletadas amostras de sangue sendo determinada a concentração sérica de P4 pré-ovulatória por meio da metodologia de quimioluminescência. No D24 foi realizada a US modo B e doppler analisando-se o diâmetro luteal (DCL), área luteal (ACL) e área de perfusão sanguínea do CL (VCL), assim como, foi coletada amostra de sangue para averiguar a concentração sérica de P4 pós-ovulatória. Os dados foram avaliados pelo Two-way ANOVA e análise de medidas repetidas considerando os efeitos do eCG, 2PGF e interação eCG*2PGF, P<0,05. Não houve diferença significativa entre os protocolos de sincronização para as variáveis DFOL, AFOL e VFOL ao longo do tempo da dinâmica folicular. Os grupos experimentais apresentaram uma concentração sérica de P4 pré-ovulatória semelhante em cada momento da avaliação. Não foi observada distinção da ACL e VCL entre os tratamentos hormonais, contudo o Grupo eCG demonstrou tendência (P=0,08) a apresentar maior DCL em relação ao Grupo 2PGF e 2PGF+eCG. Adicionalmente a estes achados, também foi constatado tendência (P=0,07) a maiores concentrações de progesterona no dia 24 do protocolo nos animais do Grupo eCG (11,00±3,32ng/mL) em relação ao Grupo 2PGF (6,37±1,31ng/mL), enquanto o Controle e 2PGF+eCG demonstraram resultados intermediários que se assemelham a ambos os grupos, com concentrações de 8,43±3,85 e 9,18±2,82ng/mL, respectivamente. As tentativas de ajustes no proestro foram incapazes de melhorar a qualidade folicular e minimizar a função luteal pré-ovulatória, assim como não incrementaram a morfologia do CL e a função luteal pós-ovulatória, sugerindo que em animais cíclicos mestiços protocolos de IATF com a utilização de uma única dose PGF2α e sem o suporte gonadotrófico da eCG parece promover adequada resposta folicular e luteal.(AU)
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of one or two prostaglandin doses F2α (PGF2a) with or without equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) in the follicular dynamics, the preovulatory luteal function, as well as the structural and functional characteristics post-ovulatory of the corpus luteum (CL) in cyclic crossbred females subjected to a fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol. For this, 29 multiparous 3/4 Gyr x Holstein cows were subjected to transrectal ultrasound examination (US) and upon detection of CL initiated a FTAI protocol on day called zero (D0) by the insertion of progesterone implant (P4) associated with the application of 2.0mg estradiol benzoate. On D7, these animals received 12.5mg of dinoprost tromethamine. At D9 happened the removal of the P4 devices and was applied 0.6mg of estradiol cypionate. At that time, the females were divided into the following treatments: control group (n=7) - which received 2.5mL of saline solution, 2PGF group (n=7) - received 12.5mg of dinoprost tromethamine, eCG group (n=7) - was administered 300IU eCG and eCG+2PGF group (n=8) - which received 300 IU eCG and 12.5mg of dinoprost tromethamine. To assess follicular dynamics were performed US scans B-mode and power doppler (Mindray Z5, Shenzhen, China) each 12h on D7 until the time of ovulation or until 96h after removal of the P4 implants, considering the follicular diameter (DFOL), the area of the follicular wall (AFOL) and the blood perfusion area of the follicular wall (VFOL). Concomitant with each test, blood samples were collected to determine the serum concentration of P4 preovulatory by chemiluminescence methodology. In D24 had held US B-mode and doppler to analyse the luteal diameter (DCL), luteal area (ACL) and blood perfusion area CL (VCL). Also, a blood sample was collected to determine the serum concentration of P4 post-ovulatory. All data was evaluated by Two-way ANOVA and repeated measures analysis considering the effects of eCG, 2PGF and eCG*2PGF, P<0.05. There was not significant difference between the synchronization protocols for DFOL, AFOL and VFOL variables over time of follicular dynamics. Experimental groups had a serum concentration of P4 preovulatory similar in every moment of evaluation. There wasn't distinction of ACL and VCL between hormone treatments. However, the eCG group showed a tendency (P=0.08) to present higher DCL compared to the 2PGF and 2PGF+eCG groups. In addition to these findings, there was also a tendency (P=0.07) to higher concentrations of P4 on D24 of the protocol in the animals of the eCG group (11.00±3.32ng/mL) compared to the 2PGF group (6,37±1.31ng/mL), meanwhile the Control and 2PGF+eCG showed intermediate results that resembled both groups, with concentrations of 8.43±3.85 and 9.18±2.82ng/mL, respectively. Attempts to adjust proestrus were unable to improve follicular quality and minimize preovulatory luteal function, nor did they increase CL morphology and post-ovulatory luteal function, suggesting that in cyclic animals, FTAI protocols using a single PGF2α dose and without the gonadotrophic support of eCG seems to promote adequate follicular and luteal responses.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Proestro/fisiologia , Bovinos/metabolismo , Gonadotropinas Equinas/análise , Sincronização do EstroRESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate the pregnancy rate in cyclic lactating dairy cows inseminated at fixed timeusing eCG in the withdrawal of progesterone implant. The experimental design was a randomized blocks, twotreatments with 32 repetitions for G1 and 31 repetitions for G2. The G1 control group: cows with hormonalprotocol with the use of eCG; G2: cows with hormonal protocol without using eCG. The study presented to theGroup eCG with pregnancy rate of 28.13%, while no eCG group had a 16.13% pregnancy rate. The statisticaldifference between the groups was not significant (p = 0.2522). In conclusion, the use of eCG had no influenceon the pregnancy rate.
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Gravidez , Bovinos , Bovinos/embriologia , Gonadotropinas Equinas/análise , Gonadotropinas Equinas/genética , Inseminação Artificial/genética , Inseminação Artificial/veterinária , Prenhez , Sincronização do EstroRESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate the pregnancy rate in cyclic lactating dairy cows inseminated at fixed timeusing eCG in the withdrawal of progesterone implant. The experimental design was a randomized blocks, twotreatments with 32 repetitions for G1 and 31 repetitions for G2. The G1 control group: cows with hormonalprotocol with the use of eCG; G2: cows with hormonal protocol without using eCG. The study presented to theGroup eCG with pregnancy rate of 28.13%, while no eCG group had a 16.13% pregnancy rate. The statisticaldifference between the groups was not significant (p = 0.2522). In conclusion, the use of eCG had no influenceon the pregnancy rate.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Bovinos , Bovinos/embriologia , Prenhez , Inseminação Artificial/genética , Inseminação Artificial/veterinária , Gonadotropinas Equinas/análise , Gonadotropinas Equinas/genética , Sincronização do EstroRESUMO
A gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) tem sido utilizada em programas de sincronização para inseminação artificial em tempo fixo e normalmente promove o aumento do volume do corpo lúteo e a da produção de progesterona. Além disso, esta mesma gonadotrofina pode ser utilizada para superovulação. Desse modo, hipóteses relativas aos mecanismos pelos quais gonadotrofinas exógenas alteram as funções celulares nos corpos lúteos resultantes foram formuladas. Para testar tais hipóteses, 18 vacas (Bos indicus) foram divididas em grupos: controle (n=5), estimulado (n=6) e superovulado (n=7) e a ovulação das mesmas foi sincronizada usando um protocolo já estabelecido com dispositivo de progesterona. Os animais estimulados receberam 400 UI de eCG no dia de remoção do dispositivo de progesterona e os animais superovulados 4 dias antes. No dia 7 após injeção de GnRh, os animais foram abatidos para a coleta de CLL e sangue. Análises de peso e volume de CL, concentração de progesterona (P4), bem como da expressão gênica e proteica de fatores angiogênicos e de proteínas esteroidogênicas foram realizadas. Além disso, o transcriptoma foi analisado por microarranjo. Foi observado que o volume do CL foi maior nos animais do grupo estimulado (1177,37 ± 167,07 mm3) e ainda maior nos do superovulado (1495,18 ± 137,01 mm3) quando comparados ao grupo controle (830,33 ± 234,99 mm3; p = 0,03). A concentração média de progesterona por CL nos animais do grupo estimulado foi maior que nos animais do grupo controle (5,95 ± 0,17 vs 3,69 ± 0,72 ng/ml; p = 0,03) e que nos superovulados (4,11 ± 0.73; p = 0,01). Além disso, os tratamentos com eCG aumentaram a expressão do FGFR2 e também da STAR nos animais estimulados e superovulados (p < 0,05). Quanto aos resultados do microarranjo, no total 242 transcritos foram aumentados e 111 foram diminuídos nos animais estimulados e 111 foram aumentados e 113 diminuídos nos animais superovulados em relação aos animais controle (1,5 vezes, p 0.05).
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) has been widely used in synchronization protocol to artificial insemination program and usually promote corpus luteum (CL) volume increases and stimulates progesterone production. Furthermore the same gonadotropin can be used to superovulation protocols. Thus, hypotheses concerning the mechanisms by which exogenous gonadotropins alter cellular functions in resulting corpora lutea were formulated. To test that hypothesis, 18 (Bos indicus) cows were divided into control (n=5), stimulated (n=6) and superovulated groups (n=7). Ovulation was synchronized using a progesterone device-based protocol. Stimulated animals received 400 IU of eCG of device removal and superovulated animals received 2000 IU of eCG 4 days prior. Corpora lutea (CLL) and blood samples were collected seven days after GnRH administration. Analyses of CL weight and volume, progesterone (P4) concentration, as well as the gene and protein expression of angiogenic and steroidogenic proteins were performed. Furthermore, the transcriptome was evaluated by microarray. The CL volume was higher in superovulated (1495.18 ± 137.01) than in stimulated (1177.37 ± 167.07) cows and higher in stimulated than in the control (830.33 ± 234.99) cows, and the P4 concentration per CL was higher in stimulated (5.95 ± 0.17 ng/ml) animals than in the control (3.69 ± 0.72 ng/ml) and superovulated (4.11 ± 0.73 ng/ml; P = 0.01) animals. Overall, 242 transcripts were up-regulated and 111 transcripts were downregulated in stimulated cows (P 0.05) and 111 were up-regulated and 113 down-regulated in superovulated cows in relation to the control (1.5 fold, P 0.05).
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Corpo Lúteo/citologia , Expressão Gênica/genética , Gonadotropinas Equinas/análise , Gonadotropinas Equinas/genética , SuperovulaçãoRESUMO
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) was discovered more than 80 y ago as a factor found in circulation of the pregnant mare during the first third of gestation. It is a variant of equine luteinizing hormone (LH), differentially glycosylated by the equine trophoblast cells. It has the peculiar property of provoking both follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and LH activity in non-equid species. The biological basis for this dual activity is believed to be the result of promiscuity of the mammalian FSH receptors, imparting the capacity to respond to this equine LH-like hormone. The best approximation of the role of eCG in the mare is that it induces accessory corpora lutea to better support early gestation. There are numerous applications for eCG in domestic species, including induction of puberty, reversal of anestrus, superovulation and, most recently, improvement of fertility.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Gonadotropinas Equinas/análise , Gravidez/metabolismo , Hormônios/química , Ovário/anatomia & histologia , Cavalos/classificaçãoRESUMO
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) was discovered more than 80 y ago as a factor found in circulation of the pregnant mare during the first third of gestation. It is a variant of equine luteinizing hormone (LH), differentially glycosylated by the equine trophoblast cells. It has the peculiar property of provoking both follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and LH activity in non-equid species. The biological basis for this dual activity is believed to be the result of promiscuity of the mammalian FSH receptors, imparting the capacity to respond to this equine LH-like hormone. The best approximation of the role of eCG in the mare is that it induces accessory corpora lutea to better support early gestation. There are numerous applications for eCG in domestic species, including induction of puberty, reversal of anestrus, superovulation and, most recently, improvement of fertility.
Assuntos
Animais , Gonadotropinas Equinas/análise , Gravidez/metabolismo , Hormônios/química , Ovário/anatomia & histologia , Cavalos/classificaçãoRESUMO
The effect of substitution of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in synchronization protocols of ovulation in dairy goats was evaluated. Twelve goats received intravaginal sponges impregnated with 60mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) for 10 days. The sponges were removed and the animals were distributed into two groups (G): G1 (n=6) treated with 0.5mL of a synthetic analogue of PGF2 α and 100 IU of eCG for each 10kg weight, intramuscular injection (IM); and G2 (n=6) treated with 0.5mL of a synthetic analogue of PGF2α and 20mg of FSH (IM). All animals were monitored for estrus detection with aid of a ruffian after sponge removal. The ovarian dynamics were analyzed by ultrasound, since six hours after sponge removed. Each animal was analyzed in time elapsed of six hours until 12 hours after ovulation detection. For data analyses, the Wilcoxon test and variance analyses were used. There was not difference between the analyzed parameters (P>0.05). In this way, eCG can be replaced by FSH in synchronization protocols of ovulation in dairy goats.
Assuntos
Animais , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante , Gonadotropinas Equinas/análise , Ovulação , Técnicas Reprodutivas/veterináriaRESUMO
The effect of substitution of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in synchronization protocols of ovulation in dairy goats was evaluated. Twelve goats received intravaginal sponges impregnated with 60mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) for 10 days. The sponges were removed and the animals were distributed into two groups (G): G1 (n=6) treated with 0.5mL of a synthetic analogue of PGF2 α and 100 IU of eCG for each 10kg weight, intramuscular injection (IM); and G2 (n=6) treated with 0.5mL of a synthetic analogue of PGF2α and 20mg of FSH (IM). All animals were monitored for estrus detection with aid of a ruffian after sponge removal. The ovarian dynamics were analyzed by ultrasound, since six hours after sponge removed. Each animal was analyzed in time elapsed of six hours until 12 hours after ovulation detection. For data analyses, the Wilcoxon test and variance analyses were used. There was not difference between the analyzed parameters (P>0.05). In this way, eCG can be replaced by FSH in synchronization protocols of ovulation in dairy goats.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Técnicas Reprodutivas/veterinária , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante , Ovulação , Gonadotropinas Equinas/análiseRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a eficiência de três métodos de sincronização do estro em cabras leiteiras. Foram utilizadas 59 cabras Saanen distribuídas em três grupos: G-1 (n=20) usou-se esponjas impregnadas com 60mg de acetato de medroxiprogesterona (MAP), G-2 (n=19) e G-3 (n=20) com CIDR® contendo progesterona natural (P4). Os dispositivos do G-1 permaneceram nos animais por 11 dias, no nono dia aplicou-se 250UI de eCG e 50µg de PGF2a. No G-2 e G-3 os CIDRâ permaneceram nas fêmeas por 5 dias; no terceiro dia aplicou-se 50µg de PGF2a e, somente no G-2, 250UI de eCG, na retirada do dispositivo. No G-3, 48 h antes da retirada do dispositivo iniciou-se o efeito macho. As montas naturais foram realizadas 20 h após a detecção do estro. A resposta estral para o G-1 e G-2 foi de 100% e 90% no G-3. O intervalo médio entre o fim do tratamento e o início do estro foi de 31,53+2,81 h (MAP), 24,39±1,21 h (CIDRâ+ eCG) e 43,56±2,19 h (CIDRâ+ efeito macho). As taxas de gestação, parição e prolificidade foram de 95%, 80% e 1,83 no G-1, de 52,6%, 47% e 1,77 para o G-2 e 61,1%, 50% e 1,70 no G-3, respectivamente. Quando comparado com a esponja e CIDRâ+ efeito macho, o CIDRâ+ eCG antecipa o início do estro e o sincroniza melhor, por outro lado, a baixa taxa de gestação e parição do CIDRâ em relação à esponja, nos revela, que nessas condições experimentais, a esponja é melhor que o CIDR®.
The objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of three methods of estrus synchronization in dairy goats. Fifty nine Saanen goats were used and separated in three groups: G-1 (n=20), sponge impregnated with 60mg of medroxiprogesterone acetate (MAP), G-2 (n=19) and G-3 (n=20), CIDRâ containing natural progesterone (P4). The devices of G-1 remained in animals for 11 days; on the ninth day it was applied 250IU eCG and 50µg of PGF2a. In G-2 and G-3 the CIDRâ remained in females for 5 days; on the third day it was applied 50µg of PGF2a and only the G-2, 250IU of eCG, in the withdrawal of the device. In G-3, 48h before the removal of the device, the male effect began. The natural mountings were performed 20 h after the detection of estrus. The estrus response to the G-1 and G-2 was 100% and 90% in G-3. The average interval between the end of the treatment and estrus onset was 31.53+2.81 h (MAP), 24.39±1.21 h (CIDRâ+ eCG) and 43.56+2.19 h (CIDRâ+ male effect). The pregnancy and kidding rates and prolificacy was 95%, 80% and 1.83 in G-1, 52.6%, 47% and 1.77 for the G-2 and 61.1%, 50% and 1.70 in G-3, respectively. When compared with the sponge and CIDRâ+ male effect, the CIDRâ+ eCG anticipates the onset of estrus and synchronize better, on the other hand, the low pregnancy and kidding rates in CIDRâ in relation to the sponge, reveals that under these experimental conditions, the sponge is better than the CIDR®.