RESUMO
Macrodystrophia lipomatosa (ML), is a Rare cause of non-hereditary localized gigantism, due to the progressi-ve proliferation of mesenchymal tissue, with a disproportionate increase of fibroadipose tissue in one or more digits of the affected extremity. This congenital abnormality occurs more frequently in the distribution of the median nerve (arm) and plantar nerve (leg). Etiology is uncertain, and it is frequently misdiagnosed as another cause of macrodactylia. This paperõreports a case of a 6 y.o. boy who presented overgrowth of the lst and 2nd digit of the right foot, and slight increase of the 3rd digit in the other foot. A multidisciplinary evaluation was performed, corresponding to the second case reported in Venezuela.
La Macrodistrofia lipomatosa (ML), es una causa infrecuente de gigantismo localizado, no hereditario caracterizado por proliferación progresiva de todos los elementos mesenquimáticos, con un incremento desproporcionado en el tejido fibroadiposo en uno o más dedos de la extremidad afectada. Esta anormalidad congénita ocurre más frecuentemente en la distribución del nervio mediano en el miembro superior y nervio plantar en el miembro inferior. La etiología de la ML es incierta y es una entidad clínica que con frecuencia es diagnosticada erróneamente como otras formas de macrodactilia. Reportamos el caso de un escolar de 6 años de edad quien presentó sobrecremiento de 1º y 2º ortejo del pie derecho y leve aumento del 3º ortejo del pie contralateral. Esta paciente fue evaluada de forma multidisciplinaria en nuestra institución y corresponde al segundo caso de MLõreportado en Venezuela.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Dedos do Pé/anormalidades , Deformidades Congênitas do Pé/diagnóstico , Gigantismo/diagnóstico , Lipomatose/diagnóstico , Deformidades Congênitas do Pé/etiologia , Gigantismo/etiologia , Lipomatose/etiologiaRESUMO
Objetivo: Descrever uma casuística de pacientes atendidos em serviço de referência em endocrinologia pediátrica com queixa principal de alta estatura. Métodos: Revisão de prontuários de 1.980 pacientes atendidos no período de janeiro de 2003 a janeiro de 2007, incluindo apenas os indivíduos cuja queixa principal, na primeira consulta, fosse sua alta estatura.Resultados: Foram encontrados 16 pacientes (0,8% do total de primeiras consultas). Destes, 12 preenchiam critérios diagnósticos de alta estatura (escore Z do indicador estatura para idade-ZE/I>2). Sete (58%) eram do sexo masculino. A idade em primeira consulta variou entre 3 anos e 4 meses e 13 anos e 3 meses. O ZE/I variou de 2,18 a 5,99 e a altura-alvo, de -1,10 a 1,24. Em relação às causas da alta estatura, concluiu-se que: sete pacientes (58%) tinham alta estatura familiar; dois (17%) idiopática e três (25%) sofriam de causas patológicas (síndrome de Marfan em um e adenoma hipofisário em dois deles). Nos quatro demais, o ZE/I variou de 1,86 a 1,98, não preenchendo critérios para alta estatura. Nestes, a etiologia do crescimento excessivo foi idiopática em dois, familiar em um e causado pela síndrome de Weaver em outro. Conclusões: A distribuição das etiologias de pacientes avaliados com a queixa de alta estatura está de acordo com a literatura, que relata ser familiar a principal causa. Embora alta estatura seja uma queixa principal pouco freqüente no consultório de endocrinologia pediátrica, a investigação deve ser cuidadosa a fim de se afastarem causas patológicas, que constituíram 25% dos casos.
Objective: To describe patients followed at a referral service in pediatric endocrinology with the chief complaint of tall stature. Methods: Chart review of 1,980 patients evaluated from January 2003 to January 2007, being selected only individuals whose main complaint in the first consultation was tall stature. Results: 16 patients were selected (0.8%) and 12 of them fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for tall stature (height Z score for age-ZH/A>2). Seven (58%) patients were males. The age at the first evaluation ranged from 3 years and 4 months to 13 years and 3 months. The ZH/A ranged from 2.18 to 5.99 and the Z score for target height ranged from -1.10 to 1.24. Regarding the causes of tall stature: seven patients (58%) had familiar causes of tall stature, two (17%) had idiopathic tall stature (ITS), and three (25%) of them presented a pathologic cause (Marfan'ssyndrome in one and pituitary adenomas in two). In the other four patients, ZH/A varied from 1.86 to 1.98 and did not fulfill the diagnostic criteria for tall stature. In this group, the diagnoses were: idiopathic in two, familial in one and Weaver's syndrome in another patient.Conclusions: The distribution of etiologies of patients evaluated with the chief complaint of tall stature corresponds to the literature, in which familial cases constitute the primary cause. Although tall stature is not a frequent complaint, the investigation of these patients should be performed in a thorough way in order to early diagnose secondary causes, which constituted 25% of our study cases.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Estatura , Gigantismo/etiologia , Transtornos do Crescimento/etiologiaRESUMO
Sotos syndrome or cerebral gigantism is characterized by macrocephaly, overgrowth, mental retardation and central nervous system abnormalities. Congenital heart defects may be present. We report 8 patients with this syndrome and relate their clinical features, neuroimaging and echocardiographic findings.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/anormalidades , Anormalidades Craniofaciais/etiologia , Gigantismo/etiologia , Anormalidades Múltiplas/etiologia , Anormalidades Múltiplas/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Anormalidades Craniofaciais/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Gigantismo/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Deficiência Intelectual/fisiopatologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , SíndromeRESUMO
Hypersecretion of GH is usually caused by a pituitary adenoma and about 40% of these tumors exhibit missense gsp mutations in Arg201 or Gln227 of the Gs, gene. We studied 20 pituitary tumors obtained from patients with GH hypersecretion. One tumor was resected from an 11 year-old boy with a 3 year history of accelerated growth, associated with increased concentrations of serum GH and IGF-I, which were not suppressed by glucose administration. The remaining 19 tumors were obtained from adult acromegalic patients, who had elevated baseline serum GH levels that did not show evidence of suppression after administration of glucose. The gsp mutations were studied by enzymatic digestion of the amplified PCR fragment of exon 8 (Arg201) and exon 9 (Gln227) with the enzymes NlaIII and NgoAIV, respectively. The tumors obtained from the boy and from nine of the 19 patients with acromegaly exhibited the gsp mutation R201H. None of the tumors had the Gln227 mutation. The gsp positive patients tended to be older, had smaller tumors, and had preoperative basal serum GH levels which were significantly lower (21 +/- 6 vs 56 +/- 16 microg/l, p<0.05) than the gsp negative patients. In this study, we documented the presence of a gsp mutation in Arg201 in a boy with gigantism and in approximately half of 19 Chilean adult patients with acromegaly, similar to other populations.
Assuntos
Adenoma/genética , Adenoma/metabolismo , Subunidades alfa Gs de Proteínas de Ligação ao GTP/genética , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/metabolismo , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto/genética , Proteínas Oncogênicas/genética , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/genética , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/metabolismo , Adenoma/complicações , Criança , Chile , Códon/genética , DNA/genética , DNA/isolamento & purificação , Gigantismo/etiologia , Gigantismo/genética , Gigantismo/fisiopatologia , Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Crescimento/fisiologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/complicações , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaRESUMO
A 2 1/4-year-old boy with pituitary gigantism had a large pituitary macroadenoma. Gross tumor removal has prevented further visual losses, but he has had persistent hypersecretion of growth hormone and prolactin. Treatment with somatostatin analog has decreased both hormone secretion and growth velocity.