RESUMO
Fungal allergies can be detected by the skin prick test with extracts of the organisms, but not all fungi, including the basidiomycetes, are being examined. We determined the level of sensitization to basidiomycetes in allergic subjects and compared their reactivity to commercial extracts commonly used to detect allergies. Crude spore extracts of the basidiomycetes Ganoderma applanatum, Chlorophyllum molybdites, and Pleurotus ostreatus, which are known to release numerous spores, were examined along with commercial extracts on 33 subjects with asthma, allergic or non-allergic rhinitis. Overall, affected subjects showed the highest reactivity to mites (36%), followed by Ganoderma applanatum (30%), grass (27%) Chlorophyllum molybdites (12%) and Pleurotus ostreatus (12%). Allergic rhinitis patients were most reactive to mites (58%), grass (42%), Ganoderma applanatum (25%), Penicillium spp. (25%), and cat (17%). Those with asthma primarily responded to mites (44%), Ganoderma applanatum (44%), grass (33%), and Pleurotus ostreatus (22%). IgE levels correlated with positive basidiomycetes extracts. This finding, coupled with higher reactivity to basidiospores as compared to mitospores, and the similar sensitivities of patients to G. applanatum and mites, suggest that basidiomycetes are important allergen sources in the tropics.
Assuntos
Agaricales/imunologia , Antígenos de Fungos/imunologia , Asma/imunologia , Ganoderma/imunologia , Rinite Alérgica Perene/imunologia , Adulto , Agaricales/isolamento & purificação , Alérgenos/imunologia , Animais , Asma/microbiologia , Misturas Complexas/imunologia , Meio Ambiente , Feminino , Carpóforos , Ganoderma/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Imunoglobulina E/imunologia , Masculino , Ácaros/imunologia , Poaceae/imunologia , Porto Rico , Rinite Alérgica Perene/microbiologia , Pele/imunologia , Testes Cutâneos , Esporos Fúngicos/imunologia , Clima Tropical , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Applanoxidic acids and sterols, isolated from Ganoderma spp., were acetylated and/or methylated. The antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and the antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes of the derivatives were investigated by a microdilution method, and compared with those of the natural products. Both natural and modified compounds exhibited comparable antibacterial and antifungal activities in a range of 1.0 to > 2.0 mg/ml minimal inhibitory concentration.