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Background: Thrombophlebitis represents the main disease of the cardiovascular system of horses, its occurrence is strongly associated with the use of inappropriate materials and techniques. Its clinical presentation varies according to the degree of vessel obstruction and the appearance of complications, in the diagnosis it is essential to assess the extent of damage and the severity of the case. Establishing appropriate treatments, it should be noted that these are mostly clinical, reserving surgical interventions for severe cases, so the aim of the study is report a case of hemorrhagic septic thrombophlebitis treated by partial phlebectomy of the left jugular vein. Case: A 9-year-old male castrated equine, with no defined racial pattern, weighing 345 kg, used in the practice of vaquejada was attended at the Veterinary Hospital (HV) of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Campus Patos (PB). During the anamnesis, it was reported that the animal presented colic a month ago, it was treated, recovered and since then, it started presenting an area with increase in volume in the neck region that ruptured the day before the HV attendance, where blood and pus came from. On physical exam, slight edema was noted in the left masseteric region, a volume rise involving the middle and cranial third of the neck with firm consistency in the left jugular sulcus, sensitivity to palpation and little drainage of purulent bloody secretion was observed. Additionally, tachycardia, tachypnea and intestinal hypomotility were found. In turn, in the ultrasound exam, a hypoechoic structure was seen, causing partial obstruction of the vessel, proximal to the fistulated region and total obstruction distal to it. With this information, antibiotic therapy was prescribed, a warm compress followed by the use of anti-inflammatory gel every 8 h. By choice of the owner, the animal returned to the farm, in the next day returned to the Veterinary Hospital, due to...

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Background: In dogs pheochromocytoma usually compress and invade into the adjacent vessels and structures, whichmay lead to the occurrence of caudal vena caval tumor thrombi. The surgical approach in these cases requires adrenalectomy with caval thrombectomy. Conventionally, tourniquets and partial occlusion clamp are used to reduce intraoperativeblood loss, but in dogs with a large thrombus associated to a great local tumor invasion, the traditional technique may behindered. The aim of this study was to report the use of a purse-string suture during venotomy of the caudal vena cava forthrombectomy, as an alternative to tourniquet and partial occlusion clamp.Case: An 11-year-old male Daschound breed dog, was referred for evaluation because of the appearance of small blackenednodules in the ventral abdomen. During a search for metastatic lesions with abdominal ultrasound, the right adrenal wasidentified with significant volume increase, and presence of tumor-associate circular formation that appeared to invade thecaudal vena cava, suggestive of neoplastic invasion or thrombus. Abdominal computed tomography showed caudal venacava in its hepatic portion presenting considerable increase in diameter, with caudal dilation and presence of hypoattenuatingmaterial in its lumen. Right adrenal gland with rounded appearance and regular borders, heterogeneous parenchyma andjuxtaposed caudal vena cava suggesting invasion of this, confirming the sonographic findings. During exploratory celiotomy,adherence of the adrenal mass to the right renal vessels and invasion of the caudal vena cava were observed, leading to theneed of nephrectomy and venotomy for thrombectomy. To perform the venotomy, a Rumel tourniquet was placed looselyaround the vena cava only caudal to the invasion point of the tumor thrombus, cranially, tourniquet application was notpossible due to the presence of a large thrombus extending into the intrahepatic cava...(AU)

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RESUMO

Background: In dogs pheochromocytoma usually compress and invade into the adjacent vessels and structures, whichmay lead to the occurrence of caudal vena caval tumor thrombi. The surgical approach in these cases requires adrenalectomy with caval thrombectomy. Conventionally, tourniquets and partial occlusion clamp are used to reduce intraoperativeblood loss, but in dogs with a large thrombus associated to a great local tumor invasion, the traditional technique may behindered. The aim of this study was to report the use of a purse-string suture during venotomy of the caudal vena cava forthrombectomy, as an alternative to tourniquet and partial occlusion clamp.Case: An 11-year-old male Daschound breed dog, was referred for evaluation because of the appearance of small blackenednodules in the ventral abdomen. During a search for metastatic lesions with abdominal ultrasound, the right adrenal wasidentified with significant volume increase, and presence of tumor-associate circular formation that appeared to invade thecaudal vena cava, suggestive of neoplastic invasion or thrombus. Abdominal computed tomography showed caudal venacava in its hepatic portion presenting considerable increase in diameter, with caudal dilation and presence of hypoattenuatingmaterial in its lumen. Right adrenal gland with rounded appearance and regular borders, heterogeneous parenchyma andjuxtaposed caudal vena cava suggesting invasion of this, confirming the sonographic findings. During exploratory celiotomy,adherence of the adrenal mass to the right renal vessels and invasion of the caudal vena cava were observed, leading to theneed of nephrectomy and venotomy for thrombectomy. To perform the venotomy, a Rumel tourniquet was placed looselyaround the vena cava only caudal to the invasion point of the tumor thrombus, cranially, tourniquet application was notpossible due to the presence of a large thrombus extending into the intrahepatic cava...

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O volume ocupado pelos eritrócitos em uma amostra de sangue é quantificado como hematócrito, expresso em porcentagem. É normalmente repetido em intervalos regulares, principalmente para a identificação de desidratação e anemias. Na medicina humana, vários estudos têm comparado valores laboratoriais de amostras de sangue obtidos via venopunção e cateteres periféricos. Na medicina veterinária, porém, não foram conduzidos estudos sobre este tópico. Para realização do presente estudo utilizaram-se amostras sanguíneas de animais atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Anhembi Morumbi. As amostras foram obtidas através da venopunção da veia facial transversa e do cateter previamente colocado na veia jugular. O hematócrito de ambas foi determinado pelo método manual utilizando-se centrífuga e o plasma observado em refratômetro manual. Os resultados foram comparados entre as duas amostras. Testes estatísticos realizados mostraram que não existe diferença significativa entre os dois métodos, sendo a coleta através do cateter uma possibilidade para o acompanhamento de animais em manejo intensivo, minimizando os danos causados aos animais.(AU)

The volume occupied by erythrocytes in a blood sample is quantified as hematocrit, expressed as a percentage. It is usually repeated at regular intervals, primarily for the identification of dehydration and anemia. In human medicine, several studies have compared laboratory values of blood samples obtained via venipuncture and peripheral catheters. In veterinary medicine, however, no studies on this topic have been conducted. For the 50 accomplishment of the present study we used blood samples of animals attended at the Veterinary Hospital Anhembi Morumbi. The samples were obtained through venipuncture of the transverse facial vein and the catheter previously placed in the jugular vein. The hematocrit of both was determined by manual method using centrifuge and the plasma observed in manual refractometer. The results were compared between the two samples. Statistical tests showed that there is no significant difference between the two methods, with catheter collection being a possibility for the monitoring of animals under intensive management, minimizing the damages caused to the animals.(AU)

El volumen ocupado por los eritrocitos en una muestra de sangre se cuantifica como hematocrito, expresado en porcentaje. Se suele repetir a intervalos regulares, principalmente para la identificación de deshidratación y anemias. En la medicina humana, varios estudios han comparado valores de laboratorio de muestras de sangre obtenidas vía venopunción y catéteres periféricos. En la medicina veterinaria, sin embargo, no se realizaron estudios sobre este tema. Para la realización del presente estudio se utilizaron muestras sanguíneas de animales atendidos en el Hospital Veterinario Anhembi Morumbi. Las muestras sanguíneas se obtuvieron a través de la venopunción de la vena facial transversa y del catéter previamente colocado en la vena yugular. El hematocrito de ambas fue determinado por el método manual utilizando centrífuga y el plasma observado en refractómetro manual. Los resultados se compararon entre las dos muestras. Las pruebas estadísticas realizadas mostraron que no existe diferencia significativa entre los dos métodos, siendo la recolección a través del catéter una posibilidad para el acornpañarniento de animales en manejo intensivo, minimizando los daños causados a los animales.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O volume ocupado pelos eritrócitos em uma amostra de sangue é quantificado como hematócrito, expresso em porcentagem. É normalmente repetido em intervalos regulares, principalmente para a identificação de desidratação e anemias. Na medicina humana, vários estudos têm comparado valores laboratoriais de amostras de sangue obtidos via venopunção e cateteres periféricos. Na medicina veterinária, porém, não foram conduzidos estudos sobre este tópico. Para realização do presente estudo utilizaram-se amostras sanguíneas de animais atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Anhembi Morumbi. As amostras foram obtidas através da venopunção da veia facial transversa e do cateter previamente colocado na veia jugular. O hematócrito de ambas foi determinado pelo método manual utilizando-se centrífuga e o plasma observado em refratômetro manual. Os resultados foram comparados entre as duas amostras. Testes estatísticos realizados mostraram que não existe diferença significativa entre os dois métodos, sendo a coleta através do cateter uma possibilidade para o acompanhamento de animais em manejo intensivo, minimizando os danos causados aos animais.

The volume occupied by erythrocytes in a blood sample is quantified as hematocrit, expressed as a percentage. It is usually repeated at regular intervals, primarily for the identification of dehydration and anemia. In human medicine, several studies have compared laboratory values of blood samples obtained via venipuncture and peripheral catheters. In veterinary medicine, however, no studies on this topic have been conducted. For the 50 accomplishment of the present study we used blood samples of animals attended at the Veterinary Hospital Anhembi Morumbi. The samples were obtained through venipuncture of the transverse facial vein and the catheter previously placed in the jugular vein. The hematocrit of both was determined by manual method using centrifuge and the plasma observed in manual refractometer. The results were compared between the two samples. Statistical tests showed that there is no significant difference between the two methods, with catheter collection being a possibility for the monitoring of animals under intensive management, minimizing the damages caused to the animals.

El volumen ocupado por los eritrocitos en una muestra de sangre se cuantifica como hematocrito, expresado en porcentaje. Se suele repetir a intervalos regulares, principalmente para la identificación de deshidratación y anemias. En la medicina humana, varios estudios han comparado valores de laboratorio de muestras de sangre obtenidas vía venopunción y catéteres periféricos. En la medicina veterinaria, sin embargo, no se realizaron estudios sobre este tema. Para la realización del presente estudio se utilizaron muestras sanguíneas de animales atendidos en el Hospital Veterinario Anhembi Morumbi. Las muestras sanguíneas se obtuvieron a través de la venopunción de la vena facial transversa y del catéter previamente colocado en la vena yugular. El hematocrito de ambas fue determinado por el método manual utilizando centrífuga y el plasma observado en refractómetro manual. Los resultados se compararon entre las dos muestras. Las pruebas estadísticas realizadas mostraron que no existe diferencia significativa entre los dos métodos, siendo la recolección a través del catéter una posibilidad para el acornpañarniento de animales en manejo intensivo, minimizando los daños causados a los animales.

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RESUMO

In Northeastern of Brazil is practiced surgical procedure called "disconnect" with the aim of eliminate chronic lameness in horses. The act is carried out for several decades as a regional cultural element incorporated into the population customs and traditionally practiced by laypeople and veterinarians. This paper aims characterize the surgical procedure known as "disconnect", citing their different access and technical efficiency through information obtained through direct survey of performers (veterinarians or lay) and owners of animals that have undergone the procedure. According to the descriptions, the procedure has four surgical approaches, and can be defined as vascular section followed by profuse bleeding, with or without hemostasis ligature, at medial access of the proximal or distal region of the fore and hindlimbs. The information obtained and the anatomical structural analysis indicate that the practice of "disconnect" is characterized by phlebotomy, associated or not with neurectomy, being a questionable, empirical and inefficient procedure in the treatment of lameness. From the cases report developed, the initial character on the subject concludes the absence of therapy evidence in animals undergoing the procedure, counter indicating it in the clinical and surgical routine horses.

Na região nordeste do Brasil pratica-se o procedimento cirúrgico denominado desgovernar com objetivo de eliminar claudicações crônicas em equinos. O ato é realizado há várias décadas como um elemento cultural regional, incorporado aos costumes da população e habitualmente praticado por leigos e médicos veterinários. Este artigo objetiva identificar o ato cirúrgico conhecido como desgovernar, citando seus diferentes acessos e eficiência da técnica, a partir de informações obtidas através de inquérito direto aos executores (médicos veterinários ou leigos) e proprietários de animais que foram submetidos ao procedimento. De acordo com as descrições, o procedimento possui quatro acessos cirúrgicos, na face medial da região proximal ou distal dos membros torácicos e pélvicos, podendo ser definido como secção vascular seguida de hemorragia profusa, com ou sem hemostasia por ligadura. As informações obtidas e a análise estrutural anatômica indicam que a prática de desgovernar é caracterizada por flebotomia seguida ou não de neurectomia, sendo um procedimento questionável, empírico e ineficiente no tratamento das claudicações. A partir do estudo de casos desenvolvido, de caráter inicial sobre a temática, conclui-se a ausência da comprovação terapêutica nos animais submetidos ao procedimento, o contra indicando na rotina clínico-cirúrgica de equinos.

Assuntos

RESUMO

In Northeastern of Brazil is practiced surgical procedure called "disconnect" with the aim of eliminate chronic lameness in horses. The act is carried out for several decades as a regional cultural element incorporated into the population customs and traditionally practiced by laypeople and veterinarians. This paper aims characterize the surgical procedure known as "disconnect", citing their different access and technical efficiency through information obtained through direct survey of performers (veterinarians or lay) and owners of animals that have undergone the procedure. According to the descriptions, the procedure has four surgical approaches, and can be defined as vascular section followed by profuse bleeding, with or without hemostasis ligature, at medial access of the proximal or distal region of the fore and hindlimbs. The information obtained and the anatomical structural analysis indicate that the practice of "disconnect" is characterized by phlebotomy, associated or not with neurectomy, being a questionable, empirical and inefficient procedure in the treatment of lameness. From the cases report developed, the initial character on the subject concludes the absence of therapy evidence in animals undergoing the procedure, counter indicating it in the clinical and surgical routine horses.(AU)

Na região nordeste do Brasil pratica-se o procedimento cirúrgico denominado desgovernar com objetivo de eliminar claudicações crônicas em equinos. O ato é realizado há várias décadas como um elemento cultural regional, incorporado aos costumes da população e habitualmente praticado por leigos e médicos veterinários. Este artigo objetiva identificar o ato cirúrgico conhecido como desgovernar, citando seus diferentes acessos e eficiência da técnica, a partir de informações obtidas através de inquérito direto aos executores (médicos veterinários ou leigos) e proprietários de animais que foram submetidos ao procedimento. De acordo com as descrições, o procedimento possui quatro acessos cirúrgicos, na face medial da região proximal ou distal dos membros torácicos e pélvicos, podendo ser definido como secção vascular seguida de hemorragia profusa, com ou sem hemostasia por ligadura. As informações obtidas e a análise estrutural anatômica indicam que a prática de desgovernar é caracterizada por flebotomia seguida ou não de neurectomia, sendo um procedimento questionável, empírico e ineficiente no tratamento das claudicações. A partir do estudo de casos desenvolvido, de caráter inicial sobre a temática, conclui-se a ausência da comprovação terapêutica nos animais submetidos ao procedimento, o contra indicando na rotina clínico-cirúrgica de equinos.(AU)

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