RESUMO
Background: The uncontrolled multiplication of Sertoli cells causes Sertoli cell tumor or Sertolioma. Because of this, the level of estrogen in the bloodstream increases rapidly and approximately 25% of dogs with this tumor develop feminization syndrome. Testicular neoplasms are more common in dogs than cats, and are often found in elderly patients. This work aims to describe the clinical signs of the feminization syndrome and the treatment instituted in a canine diagnosed with sertolioma. Case: A 18-year-old male canine, 19.5 kg of body mass, with an increase in testicular volume for about 2 years, was treated at the University Veterinary Hospital. On clinical examination, a matte and brittle coat, alopecia on the hind limbs and gynecomastia were observed. Also noted, non-harmonious aspect of the scrotum, pendular foreskin, atrophied right testicle and hyperplastic left, scrotal hyperthermia and absence of pain. In addition, as a result of the hyperestrogenism resulting from the neoplasm, the paraneoplastic syndrome of feminization, the patient also presented galactorrhea, pendular foreskin, atrophy of the penis and the contralateral testicle, dermatopathies, such as bilateral symmetrical alopecia of the flanks, easily removable hair and variable hyperpigmentation. Rectal body temperature of 38.6°C, clear lung auscultation and muffled cardiac auscultation. The results of laboratory tests showed changes such as thrombocytopenia, platelet counts below the reference levels, platelet count of 163,000/uL. There were no alterations that represented metastases in the imaging exams, such as in the chest X-ray in three incidences and in the abdominal ultrasonography. Then, we opted for the surgical procedure of orchiectomy, with the traditional technique of three clamps, associated with total ablation of the scrotum. Samples were sent to the histopathology laboratory and the diagnosis of sertolioma was confirmed. At 10, 30 and 90 days after the operation, the patient was reassessed for possible recurrences or alterations, but there were no complications or recurrence after the procedure. Discussion: Neoplasms of the male reproductive system are common in dogs. Sertolioma is considered one of the most frequent neoplasms in elderly dogs and that results in systemic clinical signs. This is in line with the 18-year-old dog described in the present report. In addition, it may result in clinical signs resulting from hyperestrogenism resulting from the neoplasm that is called paraneoplastic feminization syndrome. The characteristics of this syndrome are: gynecomastia, galactorrhea, pendular foreskin, atrophy of the penis and contralateral testicle, associated with dermatopathies, such as symmetrical bilateral alopecia. All these clinical signs were present. The diagnosis is made through complete anamnesis, complete clinical examination and complementary examination such as ultrasound help in the presumptive diagnosis, but only with histopathology can it be confirmed. In the clinical approach, histopathology was performed to close the diagnosis. Treatment is behind orchiectomy and total ablation of the scrotum, which was performed in the reported case. The treatment of choice was easy to apply, in addition to improving the patient's quality of life, promoting rapid post-surgical healing and an early return to normal life. However, for the effectiveness of the technique, the early diagnosis and collaboration of tutors is fundamental.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Tumor de Células de Sertoli/cirurgia , Tumor de Células de Sertoli/veterinária , Neoplasias Testiculares/veterinária , Feminização/veterinária , Orquiectomia/veterináriaRESUMO
O sertolioma é a neoplasia testicular mais comum em cães, sendo ainda mais frequente em testículos ectópicos. Normalmente manifesta-se em animais de idade avançada, sendo caracterizado como um tumor funcional, resultando no aumento da secreção de estrógeno. O hiperestrogenismo resultante é responsável por manifestações clínicas de dermatopatia endócrina, e a chamada síndrome da feminizaçãodo macho, caracterizada por ginecomastia, prepúcio penduloso, atração de outros machos e posição defêmea ao urinar. Em alguns casos, o hiperestrogenismo pode causar mielotoxidade, resultando em pancitopenia persistente e óbito. O objetivo desse trabalho foi relatar um caso de alopecia endócrina, síndromede feminizarão do macho e mielotoxicidade, secundários à sertolioma, em um cão. (AU)
The sertoli cell tumor is the most common testicular neoplasm in dogs, and is even more common in ectopic testis. They usually manifest in animals of advanced age, being characterized as functional tumors, commonly leading toincreased secretion of estrogen. The resulting hyperestrogenism is responsible for clinical manifestations of endocrine skin disease and the so-called male feminizing syndrome, characterized by gynecomastia, pendulous prepuce, attraction of other males and assuming a female position to urinate. In some cases, hyperestrogenism may lead tomielotoxicity, resulting in persistent pancytopenia and death. The aim of this paperwork was to report a case of endocrine alopecia, male feminization syndrome and myelotoxicity, secondary to sertoli cell tumor, in a mongrel dog. (AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Cães , Feminização/veterinária , TestículoRESUMO
O sertolioma é a neoplasia testicular mais comum em cães, sendo ainda mais frequente em testículos ectópicos. Normalmente manifesta-se em animais de idade avançada, sendo caracterizado como um tumor funcional, resultando no aumento da secreção de estrógeno. O hiperestrogenismo resultante é responsável por manifestações clínicas de dermatopatia endócrina, e a chamada síndrome da feminizaçãodo macho, caracterizada por ginecomastia, prepúcio penduloso, atração de outros machos e posição defêmea ao urinar. Em alguns casos, o hiperestrogenismo pode causar mielotoxidade, resultando em pancitopenia persistente e óbito. O objetivo desse trabalho foi relatar um caso de alopecia endócrina, síndromede feminizarão do macho e mielotoxicidade, secundários à sertolioma, em um cão.
The sertoli cell tumor is the most common testicular neoplasm in dogs, and is even more common in ectopic testis. They usually manifest in animals of advanced age, being characterized as functional tumors, commonly leading toincreased secretion of estrogen. The resulting hyperestrogenism is responsible for clinical manifestations of endocrine skin disease and the so-called male feminizing syndrome, characterized by gynecomastia, pendulous prepuce, attraction of other males and assuming a female position to urinate. In some cases, hyperestrogenism may lead tomielotoxicity, resulting in persistent pancytopenia and death. The aim of this paperwork was to report a case of endocrine alopecia, male feminization syndrome and myelotoxicity, secondary to sertoli cell tumor, in a mongrel dog.
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Cães , Cães , Feminização/veterinária , TestículoRESUMO
A síndrome de feminização do macho é uma endocrinopatia associada à excessiva produção de hormônios sexuais ou seus precursores pelos testículos (geralmente causada por tumores testiculares). É mais frequente em cães machos intactos de meia-idade a idosos. As manifestações clínicas são caracterizadas por alopecia simétrica e bilateral não pruriginosa em região perineal, genital, cervical e membros, hiperpigmentação cutânea, dermatose linear prepucial, prepúcio pendular e ginecomastia. O diagnóstico baseia-se na história,exame físico, testes laboratoriais, respostas à orquiectomia e histopatológico dos testículos neoplásicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de feminização do macho em um cão da raça Cocker Spaniel, 7 anos,atendido no Serviço de Dermatologia do Hovet Metodista de São Paulo.(AU)
The syndrome is a feminization of the male endocrine disorder associated with excessive sex hormone production by the testes or their precursors (usually caused by testicular tumors). It is more common in male dogs intact middle-aged to elderly. Clinical manifestations are characterized by alopecia bilaterally symmetric and not itchy in the perineal, genital, neck and limbs, skin hyperpigmentation, acne linear preputial foreskin pendulum and gynecomastia. The diagnosis is based on history, physical examination, laboratory tests, responses to orchiectomy and histopathological testicular neoplasm. The objective of this study is to report a case of feminization of the male in a dog breed cocker spaniel, 7 years, attended the Serviço de Dermatologia do Hovet Metodista de São Paulo.(AU)
El síndrome es una feminización de la enfermedad endocrina masculina asociada con la producción excesiva de hormonas sexuales por los testículos o sus precursores (por lo general causada por los tumores testiculares). Es más común en los perros machos intactos de mediana edad a ancianos. Las manifestaciones clínicas se caracterizan por la alopecia bilateral simétrica y no pica en el perineal, genital, el cuello y las extremidades,hiperpigmentación de la piel, acné péndulo prepucio prepucio lineal y ginecomastia. El diagnóstico se basa en la historia, examen físico, pruebas de laboratorio, las respuestas a orquiectomía y neoplasia testicular histopatológico.El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un caso de feminización de los machos en una raza de perro cocker spaniel, 7 años, asistió a la Departamento de Dermatología, Hovet Metodista.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Feminização/diagnóstico , Feminização/veterinária , Neoplasias Testiculares/veterinária , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/efeitos adversos , Ginecomastia/veterinária , Doenças do Sistema Endócrino/veterinária , OrquiectomiaRESUMO
A síndrome de feminização do macho é uma endocrinopatia associada à excessiva produção de hormônios sexuais ou seus precursores pelos testículos (geralmente causada por tumores testiculares). É mais frequente em cães machos intactos de meia-idade a idosos. As manifestações clínicas são caracterizadas por alopecia simétrica e bilateral não pruriginosa em região perineal, genital, cervical e membros, hiperpigmentação cutânea, dermatose linear prepucial, prepúcio pendular e ginecomastia. O diagnóstico baseia-se na história,exame físico, testes laboratoriais, respostas à orquiectomia e histopatológico dos testículos neoplásicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de feminização do macho em um cão da raça Cocker Spaniel, 7 anos,atendido no Serviço de Dermatologia do Hovet Metodista de São Paulo.
The syndrome is a feminization of the male endocrine disorder associated with excessive sex hormone production by the testes or their precursors (usually caused by testicular tumors). It is more common in male dogs intact middle-aged to elderly. Clinical manifestations are characterized by alopecia bilaterally symmetric and not itchy in the perineal, genital, neck and limbs, skin hyperpigmentation, acne linear preputial foreskin pendulum and gynecomastia. The diagnosis is based on history, physical examination, laboratory tests, responses to orchiectomy and histopathological testicular neoplasm. The objective of this study is to report a case of feminization of the male in a dog breed cocker spaniel, 7 years, attended the Serviço de Dermatologia do Hovet Metodista de São Paulo.
El síndrome es una feminización de la enfermedad endocrina masculina asociada con la producción excesiva de hormonas sexuales por los testículos o sus precursores (por lo general causada por los tumores testiculares). Es más común en los perros machos intactos de mediana edad a ancianos. Las manifestaciones clínicas se caracterizan por la alopecia bilateral simétrica y no pica en el perineal, genital, el cuello y las extremidades,hiperpigmentación de la piel, acné péndulo prepucio prepucio lineal y ginecomastia. El diagnóstico se basa en la historia, examen físico, pruebas de laboratorio, las respuestas a orquiectomía y neoplasia testicular histopatológico.El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un caso de feminización de los machos en una raza de perro cocker spaniel, 7 años, asistió a la Departamento de Dermatología, Hovet Metodista.