RESUMO
Um dos problemas odontológicos mais comuns em carnívoros selvagens são as fraturas dentárias, com ou sem exposições de polpa. Dentre as reconstruções estabelecidas, a restauração metálica fundida (RMF) devolve a forma, a função e previne novas fraturas. Na RMF, diversos metais são utilizados: nobres, como ouro, ou básicos, como cromo-cobalto, níquel-cromo, molibdênio e cobre-alumínio. Uma suçuarana (Puma concolor) resgatada e mantida em cativeiro apresentou fratura dentária com exposição de polpa em canino inferior esquerdo. Na avaliação odontológica, indicou-se a necessidade de tratamento endodôntico. Durante o tratamento, houve a oportunidade de adaptar uma RMF disponível. Para tanto, o remanescente coronal fraturado foi devidamente preparado e adaptado com sucesso. Objetiva-se descrever a técnica utilizada nessa adaptação de uma RMF disponível, de forma a contribuir com os estudos de odontologia veterinária e conservação de animais selvagens.
One of the most common dental problems on carnivores is tooth fracture, with or without pulp exposure. Among the established reconstructions, the metal restoration returns form and function while preventing new fractures. Different alloys are used for metallic crowns: either noble metal-based alloys containing gold or basic alloys such as cobalt-chromium, nickel-chromium, molybdenum and copper-aluminum. A rescued cougar (Puma concolor) kept in captivity had a dental fracture with pulp exposure in the lower left canine. Dental evaluation indicated the need for endodontic treatment. There was the opportunity to adapt an available prosthetic crown during treatment. The tooth was prepared for its insertion, which was successful. The aim of this article is to describe the technique used in the adaptation of a preexisting prosthetic crown to this case, in order to contribute to studies of veterinary dentistry and wildlife conservation.
Uno de los problemas odontológicos más comunes en los carnívoros salvajes son las fracturas dentarias, ya sea aquellas que tengan o no exposición de pulpa. Dentro de las posibles formas de reconstruir el diente, la restauración metálica fundida (RMF) permite devolver la forma y la función del mismo, previniendo nuevas fracturas. En la RMF pueden utilizarse varios tipos de metal, ya sea los nobles como el oro, o los básicos como el cromo-cobalto, niquel-cromo, molibdeno y cobre-aluminio. Una hembra de puma (Puma concolor) que había sido rescatada y mantenida en cautiverio, presentó una fractura dentária con exposición de pulpa en el canino inferior izquierdo. Durante el examen odontológico se constató la necesidad de realizar un tratamiento de endodoncia. Durante el mismo se realizó la adaptación de una RMF que se tenía a disposición. Una vez preparado el diente, se pudo insertar con éxito la restauración. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir la técnica utilizada en la adaptación de una RMF, contribuyendo al estudio de la odontología veterinaria y la conservación de animales salvajes.
Assuntos
Animais , Animais Selvagens/anatomia & histologia , Fraturas dos Dentes , Odontologia/veterinária , Felis/classificaçãoRESUMO
The Geoffroys cat Leopardus geoffroyi (dOrbigny & Gervais, 1844) is a small cat found in the Southern Cone of South America and, depending on the author, four or five subspecies have been usually recognized (L. g. geoffroyi, L. g. paraguae, L. g. euxanthus, L. g. salinarum and L. g. leucobaptus), mainly based on external morphological characters, such as color pattern of the pelage. In order to clarify the taxonomy of L. geoffroyi, I analyzed approximately 200 specimens housed in museums. I have examined the external and craniodental morphology in quantitative and qualitative terms in the search for patterns of congruent characters that would indicate the existence of taxonomic units. Twenty craniodental measurements were taken and tested by univariate and multivariate (MANOVA, PCA and DFA) procedures. In this study I detected a great variation in the morphological characters, and thus it was not possible to determine whether any of these were geographically consistent and could be used to determine any taxonomic unit. Based on this, I do not recognize any subspecific division for L. geoffroyi. Along its geographic range, a gradual and subtle change from one color pattern to the next along the latitude was detected, but the morphological characters that were used to define the putative subspecies were also detected in a same population. Furthermore, the present study is congruent with the results obtained by previous molecular data, suggesting that L. geoffroyi has a high level of genetic diversity with no geographic structure. This indicates the existence of a large panmictic population with no significant barriers to gene flow and, as a consequence, no subspecies should be recognized.
Assuntos
Animais , Animais Selvagens , Classificação/métodos , Especificidade da Espécie , Felis/classificação , Felidae/classificaçãoRESUMO
The Geoffroys cat Leopardus geoffroyi (dOrbigny & Gervais, 1844) is a small cat found in the Southern Cone of South America and, depending on the author, four or five subspecies have been usually recognized (L. g. geoffroyi, L. g. paraguae, L. g. euxanthus, L. g. salinarum and L. g. leucobaptus), mainly based on external morphological characters, such as color pattern of the pelage. In order to clarify the taxonomy of L. geoffroyi, I analyzed approximately 200 specimens housed in museums. I have examined the external and craniodental morphology in quantitative and qualitative terms in the search for patterns of congruent characters that would indicate the existence of taxonomic units. Twenty craniodental measurements were taken and tested by univariate and multivariate (MANOVA, PCA and DFA) procedures. In this study I detected a great variation in the morphological characters, and thus it was not possible to determine whether any of these were geographically consistent and could be used to determine any taxonomic unit. Based on this, I do not recognize any subspecific division for L. geoffroyi. Along its geographic range, a gradual and subtle change from one color pattern to the next along the latitude was detected, but the morphological characters that were used to define the putative subspecies were also detected in a same population. Furthermore, the present study is congruent with the results obtained by previous molecular data, suggesting that L. geoffroyi has a high level of genetic diversity with no geographic structure. This indicates the existence of a large panmictic population with no significant barriers to gene flow and, as a consequence, no subspecies should be recognized.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Felis/classificação , Animais Selvagens , Classificação/métodos , Especificidade da Espécie , Felidae/classificaçãoRESUMO
Um dos problemas odontológicos mais comuns em carnívoros selvagens são as fraturas dentárias, com ou sem exposições de polpa. Dentre as reconstruções estabelecidas, a restauração metálica fundida (RMF) devolve a forma, a função e previne novas fraturas. Na RMF, diversos metais são utilizados: nobres, como ouro, ou básicos, como cromo-cobalto, níquel-cromo, molibdênio e cobre-alumínio. Uma suçuarana (Puma concolor) resgatada e mantida em cativeiro apresentou fratura dentária com exposição de polpa em canino inferior esquerdo. Na avaliação odontológica, indicou-se a necessidade de tratamento endodôntico. Durante o tratamento, houve a oportunidade de adaptar uma RMF disponível. Para tanto, o remanescente coronal fraturado foi devidamente preparado e adaptado com sucesso. Objetiva-se descrever a técnica utilizada nessa adaptação de uma RMF disponível, de forma a contribuir com os estudos de odontologia veterinária e conservação de animais selvagens.(AU)
One of the most common dental problems on carnivores is tooth fracture, with or without pulp exposure. Among the established reconstructions, the metal restoration returns form and function while preventing new fractures. Different alloys are used for metallic crowns: either noble metal-based alloys containing gold or basic alloys such as cobalt-chromium, nickel-chromium, molybdenum and copper-aluminum. A rescued cougar (Puma concolor) kept in captivity had a dental fracture with pulp exposure in the lower left canine. Dental evaluation indicated the need for endodontic treatment. There was the opportunity to adapt an available prosthetic crown during treatment. The tooth was prepared for its insertion, which was successful. The aim of this article is to describe the technique used in the adaptation of a preexisting prosthetic crown to this case, in order to contribute to studies of veterinary dentistry and wildlife conservation.(AU)
Uno de los problemas odontológicos más comunes en los carnívoros salvajes son las fracturas dentarias, ya sea aquellas que tengan o no exposición de pulpa. Dentro de las posibles formas de reconstruir el diente, la restauración metálica fundida (RMF) permite devolver la forma y la función del mismo, previniendo nuevas fracturas. En la RMF pueden utilizarse varios tipos de metal, ya sea los nobles como el oro, o los básicos como el cromo-cobalto, niquel-cromo, molibdeno y cobre-aluminio. Una hembra de puma (Puma concolor) que había sido rescatada y mantenida en cautiverio, presentó una fractura dentária con exposición de pulpa en el canino inferior izquierdo. Durante el examen odontológico se constató la necesidad de realizar un tratamiento de endodoncia. Durante el mismo se realizó la adaptación de una RMF que se tenía a disposición. Una vez preparado el diente, se pudo insertar con éxito la restauración. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir la técnica utilizada en la adaptación de una RMF, contribuyendo al estudio de la odontología veterinaria y la conservación de animales salvajes.(AU)