RESUMO
We aimed to evaluate the levels of growth factors in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with autism after transplantation of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNCs). Fourteen subjects diagnosed with autism received transplantation of CBMNCs first through intravenous infusion, and three times subsequently through intrathecal injections. A 2-mL sample of CSF was taken before each intrathecal injection. CSF levels of nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All data are reported as means ± SD and were analyzed using the SPSS 10.0 software. One-way analysis of variance with post-hoc F-and Q-tests were performed for comparisons. NGF levels in the CSF were significantly increased after transplantation (213.54 ± 56.38 after the third versus 28.32 ± 12.22 ng/L after the first transplantation; P < 0.05), while VEGF and bFGF levels did not change significantly. Therefore, transplantation of CBMNCs could increase NGF levels in the CSF of patients with autism.
Assuntos
Transtorno Autístico/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Sangue Fetal/citologia , Leucócitos Mononucleares/transplante , Fator de Crescimento Neural/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Transtorno Autístico/terapia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Fator 2 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do Tratamento , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/líquido cefalorraquidianoRESUMO
HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP/HAM) is a chronic CNS disease characterized by axomyelinic degeneration of the long axons of corticospinal tracts. Levels of NGF, NT-3, NT-4/5, BDNF, GDNF, CNTF, and FGF-2 were measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 21 TSP/HAM patients and 20 controls. NGF, BDNF, and FGF-2 levels were also determined in 19 patients with HIV motor cognitive motor syndrome, and in 21 subjects diagnosed with Creutzfeldt Jakob disease (CJD). No significant differences were detected in the concentrations of NGF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4/5, GDNF, and CNTF in the CSF between TSP/HAM patients and controls. FGF-2 was significantly lower in the CSF of the three groups of patients compared with controls; the HIV group exhibited the lowest values. HIV patients differed from TSP/HAM in their significantly higher levels of NGF and lower levels of BDNF and FGF-2, whereas CJD patients differed only in their higher levels of NGF. Immunohistochemical studies were done of trophic factors (NGF and FGF-2) and neurotrophin receptors (trkA and p75) in spinal cord and motor cortical areas from anatomopathological cases of TSP/HAM. Results indicated that NGF is expressed in motoneurons and oligodendrocytes of the posterior column of the spinal cord. FGF-2 was detected in motoneurons and spinal cord vessels. p75 receptor was detected in cortical neurons. The absence of a significant change in the trophic factor levels in TSP/HAM may be attributed to a selective axonal lesion in a slow process.
Assuntos
Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Síndrome de Creutzfeldt-Jakob/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Fator 2 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Infecções por HIV/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Fator de Crescimento Neural/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Western Blotting , Síndrome de Creutzfeldt-Jakob/complicações , Síndrome de Creutzfeldt-Jakob/virologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/complicações , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/virologia , Receptor de Fator de Crescimento Neural/imunologia , Receptor trkA/imunologia , Medula Espinal/patologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Nerve growth factor (NGF) is the best characterized neurotrophic polypeptide. Initially it was postulated that alterations in the expression of NGF within its production sites may be responsible for the consistent atrophy and loss of cholinergic basal forebrain neurons in dementing illness such as Alzheimer s Disease (AD). OBJECTIVE: We analyze the NGF concentration in serum from control and patients with AD in order to elucidate something alteration in this fluid related with AD neuropathology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We applied a twosite enzyme immunoassay to determine NGF levels in sera of patients with AD. RESULTS: Sera from Alzheimer s patients (36+/-7 pg/ml) showed slight but non significant reduction in NGF levels when compared with age related controls (66+/-18 pg/ml). On the another hand, the NGF concentrations in AD patients and control subjects to the sex were following: female AD patients showed a mean of 33.27+/-10.43 pg/ml vs 57.83+/-22 pg/ml founded in female controls, while the mean value for male AD patients was 40.87+/-12.29 pg/ml vs 37.47+/-12.28 pg/ml for the male controls. In all the cases studied, no significant differences were observed according to Student t-Test. CONCLUSIONS: Even when no significant differences were observed between controls and AD patients, the results show a tendency NGF concentration decrease in this illness. Certainly, NGF is produced not only in the forebrain but throughout the body, for this reason, more studies, including the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid would be useful to define the real relationship between NGF concentration changes in serum and AD-related changes in endogenous NGF concentrations, taking into account increasing levels by exogenous NGF administration could still be useful in maintaining the cholinergic neurons.