RESUMO
Food borne trematodes (FBTs) are an assemblage of platyhelminth parasites transmitted through the food chain, four of which are recognized as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Fascioliasis stands out among the other NTDs due to its broad and significant impact on both human and animal health, as Fasciola sp., are also considered major pathogens of domesticated ruminants. Here we present a reference genome sequence of the common liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica isolated from sheep, complementing previously reported isolate from cattle. A total of 14,642 genes were predicted from the 1.14 GB genome of the liver fluke. Comparative genomics indicated that F. hepatica Oregon and related food-borne trematodes are metabolically less constrained than schistosomes and cestodes, taking advantage of the richer millieux offered by the hepatobiliary organs. Protease families differentially expanded between diverse trematodes may facilitate migration and survival within the heterogeneous environments and niches within the mammalian host. Surprisingly, the sequencing of Oregon and Uruguay F. hepatica isolates led to the first discovery of an endobacteria in this species. Two contigs from the F. hepatica Oregon assembly were joined to complete the 859,205 bp genome of a novel Neorickettsia endobacterium (nFh) closely related to the etiological agents of human Sennetsu and Potomac horse fevers. Immunohistochemical studies targeting a Neorickettsia surface protein found nFh in specific organs and tissues of the adult trematode including the female reproductive tract, eggs, the Mehlis' gland, seminal vesicle, and oral suckers, suggesting putative routes for fluke-to-fluke and fluke-to-host transmission. The genomes of F. hepatica and nFh will serve as a resource for further exploration of the biology of F. hepatica, and specifically its newly discovered trans-kingdom interaction with nFh and the impact of both species on disease in ruminants and humans.
Assuntos
Fasciola hepatica/genética , Genoma Bacteriano , Genoma Helmíntico , Neorickettsia sennetsu/genética , Animais , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Ehrlichiose/microbiologia , Ehrlichiose/transmissão , Ehrlichiose/veterinária , Fasciola hepatica/isolamento & purificação , Fasciola hepatica/microbiologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/transmissão , Cavalos , Humanos , Neorickettsia sennetsu/patogenicidade , Oregon , Ovinos/parasitologia , UruguaiRESUMO
Fasciolosis is a disease caused by Fasciola hepatica responsible for causing significant losses in livestock. This study aimed to evaluate the Pochonia chlamydosporia fungus (isolate VC1) on F. hepatica eggs after passing through the cattle gastrointestinal tract. For this evaluation, 1 g pellet was given in sodium alginate matrix per kilogram live weight containing 25% of fungal mycelium from isolate VC1 per animal. Twelve animals were used, six treated and six untreated (control). Some stool samples were collected from the groups of treated and control animals, at the times of 12, 18, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the pellets' administration. Then, from each stool sample of treated and control groups, 2 g was placed in a Petri dish of 9 cm in diameter, containing 2% water-agar and 1,000 eggs of F. hepatica. It was observed that the fungus was effective in preying upon the eggs in the samples recovered at all of the schedules starting at 12 h. Furthermore, differences were observed (p < 0.01) in the destruction of eggs in the Petri dishes in the treated group compared with the control group. The ovicidal effect was observed after 7 days of interaction. The ovicidal P. chlamydosporia fungus was effective in destroying F. hepatica eggs; therefore, it is suggested that this fungus could be employed as agent for the control of helminth eggs.
Assuntos
Fasciola hepatica/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fasciola hepatica/microbiologia , Hypocreales/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hypocreales/patogenicidade , Óvulo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Óvulo/microbiologia , Controle Biológico de Vetores/métodos , Animais , Bovinos , Fezes/parasitologia , Trato Gastrointestinal/parasitologia , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
La fasciolasis humana es una infección parasitaria causada por el tremátode Fasciola hepática que afecta principalmente al ganado ovino y vacuno, siendo el hombre un hospedero accidental. La situación epidemiológica ha cambiado en los últimos años, habiéndose reportado un incremento en el número de casos en diferentes países alrededor del mundo. En la mayoría de los casos el diagnóstico de la infección en la fase aguda o invasiva y en la fase crónica o de estado, es difícil por la superposición de síntomas de ambas fases, por la escasez de síntomas o por la eliminación intermitente de huevos por el parásito adulto. La determinación de la fase en que se encuentra el paciente, va a depender de la sospecha clínica y de la elección de métodos serológicos o coproparasitológicos adecuados en las fases aguda o crónica respectivamente, así como también de determinar si éste proviene de una zona endémica. En el presente trabajo, se reportan 6 casos de pacientes que fueron hospitalizados en el Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, en Lima entre los años de 1990 a 1999, cuyos diagnósticos presuntivos fueron diferentes del diagnóstico final y que presentaron problemas de diagnóstico. Se establece la importancia de la correlación entre el dato de procedencia, los hallazgos físicos y de laboratorio para el diagnóstico de esta parasitosis.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Zoonoses/parasitologia , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Dor Abdominal/terapia , Fasciola hepatica/microbiologia , Fasciola hepatica/parasitologia , Hospitais EstaduaisRESUMO
Contiene: La fasciola hepatica; caracteristicas anatomicas de la fasciola hepatica; fisiologia y su ciclo biologico; los caracoles o churos hospederos intermediarios, la fascioliasis o distomatosis hepatica; tratamiento medico humano animal control caracoles y controles biologicos; presentacion y analisis de la investigacion; antecedentes; la fasciola hepatica un problema de salud; cullucachi una comunidad enferma; el minifundio y su relacion con la produccion salud; testimonios de los campesinos de la comunidad de Cullucachi; tipo de estudio; metodologia; objetivos de la investigacion; interaccion de los factores socioeconomicos y biologicos que caracterizan el proceso salud enfermedad de la poblacion infantil; factores de riesgo sanitario ambiental; perfil epidemiologico parasitario; estado nutricional de la poblacion; conclusiones; correlacion clinico laboratorial de los casos, fascioliasis o distomatosis hepatica; pruebas laboratoriales efectuadas y resultados observados; fijacion de complemento; hematologia, hemoglobina recuento eosenofilico; copraparasitologia; clinica dolor colico recurrente, sindrome diarreico; hepatomegalia, trastornos de la piel, lineamientos generales para una propuesta de accion; uso de controles biologicos; lucha contra el caracol; conclusiones generales; conclusiones; antecedentes bibliograficos del tema
Assuntos
Humanos , Fasciola hepatica/anatomia & histologia , Fasciola hepatica/citologia , Fasciola hepatica/fisiologia , Fasciola hepatica/imunologia , Fasciola hepatica/microbiologia , Fasciola hepatica/parasitologia , BolíviaRESUMO
Se presentan tres pacientes procedentes de Bogotá, pertenecientes a la misma familia, consumidores habituales de berros, con cuadro clínico caracterizado por perdida de peso, dolor en hipocondrio derecho y eosinofolia causado por Fasciola hepática y confirmado por sero diagnóstico y copro-análisis. El caso estudiado en el Hospital San Juan de Dios (H.S.J.D.) sirvió como índice para el diagnóstico de los dos familiares atendidos en otras instituciones. El tratamiento se realizó con dehidroemetina en dos pacientes y en otro con praziquantel, con buenos resultados