RESUMO
In order to determine the main anatomopathological findings of Testudines necropsied in the Distrito Federal, all necropsy records performed at the "Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária" of the "Universidade de Brasília" (LPV-UnB) on Testudines during the period from January 2008 to July 2020 were reviewed. The 72 cases reviewed were grouped and classified according to species, sex, origin, season of occurrence, and diagnosis. In 69.44% of the cases the species was informed in the necropsy protocols, which included Phrynops geoffroanus (38%), Trachemys dorbigni (36%), Chelonoidis carbonaria (14%), Chelonoidis denticulata (10%) and Podocnemis expansa (2%). In 30.55% of the cases this parameter was not informed and were classified only as Testudines. In 41.66% of the cases the sex was informed, being female 22.22%, male 19.44%, and 58.33% were not informed. Of these animals 79.16% were from environmental agencies and 20.84% from zoos and/or guardians. In 70.83% of the animals analyzed they were directly related to the autumn and winter seasons, with June being the most frequent month (29.17%). The conclusive diagnosis was possible in 68.05% of the cases. The category of disorders caused by injurious agents (48.97%) was the most prevalent, followed by inflammatory disorders (32.65%) and nutritional and metabolic disorders (28.57%). The main diagnoses were carapace and/or plastron fracture with 30.61%, hepatic steatosis (20.40%) and pneumonia (10.22%). Most cases of carapace or plastron fracture and hepatic steatosis occurred in animals from environmental agencies.(AU)
Com o objetivo de determinar os principais achados anatomopatológicos de Testudines necropsiados no Distrito Federal, foram revisadas todas as fichas de necropsia realizadas no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade de Brasília (LPV-UnB) em Testudines, durante o período de janeiro de 2008 a julho de 2020. Os 72 casos revisados foram agrupados e classificados quanto à espécie, sexo, procedência, estação do ano de ocorrência e diagnóstico. Em 69,44% dos casos havia a espécie informada nos protocolos de necropsia, que incluíam Phrynops geoffroanus (38%), Trachemys dorbigni (36%), Chelonoidis carbonaria (14%), Chelonoidis denticulata (10%) e Podocnemis expansa (2%). Em 30,55% dos casos não tiveram esse parâmetro informado e foram classificados apenas como Testudines. Em 41,66% casos foi informado o sexo, sendo fêmea 22,22%, macho 19,44% e não informados 58,33%. Destes animais 79,16% eram de órgão ambiental e 20,84% de zoológicos e ou tutores. Em 70,83% dos animais analisados tiveram direta relação com as estações de outono e inverno, sendo o mês de junho o mais frequente (29,17%). O diagnóstico conclusivo foi possível em 68,05% dos casos. A categoria de distúrbios causados por agentes lesivos (48,97%) foi a mais prevalente, seguido por distúrbios inflamatórios (32,65%) e dos distúrbios nutricionais e metabólicos (28,57%). Os principais diagnósticos foram fratura de carapaça e ou plastrão com 30,61%, esteatose hepática (20,40%) e pneumonia (10,22%). A maior parte dos casos de fratura de carapaça ou plastrão e de esteatose hepática ocorreram em animais provenientes de órgão ambiental.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Pneumonia/mortalidade , Tartarugas/anatomia & histologia , Tartarugas/lesões , Fraturas Ósseas/mortalidade , Fígado Gorduroso/mortalidade , Autopsia/veterináriaRESUMO
In order to determine the main anatomopathological findings of Testudines necropsied in the Distrito Federal, all necropsy records performed at the "Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária" of the "Universidade de Brasília" (LPV-UnB) on Testudines during the period from January 2008 to July 2020 were reviewed. The 72 cases reviewed were grouped and classified according to species, sex, origin, season of occurrence, and diagnosis. In 69.44% of the cases the species was informed in the necropsy protocols, which included Phrynops geoffroanus (38%), Trachemys dorbigni (36%), Chelonoidis carbonaria (14%), Chelonoidis denticulata (10%) and Podocnemis expansa (2%). In 30.55% of the cases this parameter was not informed and were classified only as Testudines. In 41.66% of the cases the sex was informed, being female 22.22%, male 19.44%, and 58.33% were not informed. Of these animals 79.16% were from environmental agencies and 20.84% from zoos and/or guardians. In 70.83% of the animals analyzed they were directly related to the autumn and winter seasons, with June being the most frequent month (29.17%). The conclusive diagnosis was possible in 68.05% of the cases. The category of disorders caused by injurious agents (48.97%) was the most prevalent, followed by inflammatory disorders (32.65%) and nutritional and metabolic disorders (28.57%). The main diagnoses were carapace and/or plastron fracture with 30.61%, hepatic steatosis (20.40%) and pneumonia (10.22%). Most cases of carapace or plastron fracture and hepatic steatosis occurred in animals from environmental agencies.
Com o objetivo de determinar os principais achados anatomopatológicos de Testudines necropsiados no Distrito Federal, foram revisadas todas as fichas de necropsia realizadas no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade de Brasília (LPV-UnB) em Testudines, durante o período de janeiro de 2008 a julho de 2020. Os 72 casos revisados foram agrupados e classificados quanto à espécie, sexo, procedência, estação do ano de ocorrência e diagnóstico. Em 69,44% dos casos havia a espécie informada nos protocolos de necropsia, que incluíam Phrynops geoffroanus (38%), Trachemys dorbigni (36%), Chelonoidis carbonaria (14%), Chelonoidis denticulata (10%) e Podocnemis expansa (2%). Em 30,55% dos casos não tiveram esse parâmetro informado e foram classificados apenas como Testudines. Em 41,66% casos foi informado o sexo, sendo fêmea 22,22%, macho 19,44% e não informados 58,33%. Destes animais 79,16% eram de órgão ambiental e 20,84% de zoológicos e ou tutores. Em 70,83% dos animais analisados tiveram direta relação com as estações de outono e inverno, sendo o mês de junho o mais frequente (29,17%). O diagnóstico conclusivo foi possível em 68,05% dos casos. A categoria de distúrbios causados por agentes lesivos (48,97%) foi a mais prevalente, seguido por distúrbios inflamatórios (32,65%) e dos distúrbios nutricionais e metabólicos (28,57%). Os principais diagnósticos foram fratura de carapaça e ou plastrão com 30,61%, esteatose hepática (20,40%) e pneumonia (10,22%). A maior parte dos casos de fratura de carapaça ou plastrão e de esteatose hepática ocorreram em animais provenientes de órgão ambiental.
Assuntos
Animais , Fraturas Ósseas/mortalidade , Fígado Gorduroso/mortalidade , Pneumonia/mortalidade , Tartarugas/anatomia & histologia , Tartarugas/lesões , Autopsia/veterináriaRESUMO
Hepatic steatosis is also known as fatty liver, hepatic lipidosis, fatty degeneration and is very common in captive parrots, especially in parrots of the genus Amazona. Its etiology is multifactorial, and the excessive consumption of high fat food associated with the sedentary lifestyle are the main predisposing factors. The present study reports a case of hepatic steatosis in a blue fronted amazon parrot (Amazona aestiva), which due to the severity of the case, died a few hours after starting treatment and had its diagnosis confirmed through necropsy and histopathological exams.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Papagaios , Fígado Gorduroso/mortalidade , Fígado Gorduroso/veterinária , Fígado Gorduroso/diagnóstico , Obesidade/veterinária , Autopsia/veterináriaRESUMO
Hepatic steatosis is also known as fatty liver, hepatic lipidosis, fatty degeneration and is very common in captive parrots, especially in parrots of the genus Amazona. Its etiology is multifactorial, and the excessive consumption of high fat food associated with the sedentary lifestyle are the main predisposing factors. The present study reports a case of hepatic steatosis in a blue fronted amazon parrot (Amazona aestiva), which due to the severity of the case, died a few hours after starting treatment and had its diagnosis confirmed through necropsy and histopathological exams.
Assuntos
Animais , Fígado Gorduroso/diagnóstico , Fígado Gorduroso/mortalidade , Fígado Gorduroso/veterinária , Papagaios , Autopsia/veterinária , Obesidade/veterináriaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is increasing. We sought to compare tumor characteristics and outcomes after a liver transplant according to the cause of liver disease and ethnicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (292, 23%) out of all the liver transplant recipients (N=1266) at the University of Miami between 2000 and 2010. Liver disease was caused by hepatitis C virus in 221 patients (76%), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in 19 patients (6.5%), hepatitis B virus in 20 patients (7%), alcohol in 44 patients (15%), and other in 18 patients (6%). The median age was 57 years (range, 17 to 77 y), 218 were men (75%), 270 were white (92%), and 92 were Hispanic (31.5%). RESULTS: Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were more likely to be older (64 vs 57; P = .0006), Hispanic (58% vs 30%; P = .018); nonsmokers (89% vs 65%; P = .041), diabetic (84% vs 26% P < .0001), hypertensive (63% vs 27%; P = .003), and using statins (32% vs 4%; P = .0004) compared with hepatocellular carcinoma without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Diabetes, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are significantly more common in Hispanics than in non-Hispanic persons with hepatocellular carcinoma. In persons without hepatocellular carcinoma, the proportion of Hispanics was similar between those with (n=84) and those without (n=1182) nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hispanic ethnicity was not associated with worse tumor behavior or overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: Patients transplanted for hepatocellular carcinoma and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were older, and were more frequently Hispanic than were persons with hepatocellular carcinoma and without [corrected] nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hispanic ethnicity may be a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Fígado Gorduroso/etnologia , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Transplante de Fígado , População Branca/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/etnologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/mortalidade , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Fígado Gorduroso/mortalidade , Feminino , Florida/epidemiologia , Hepatite B/etnologia , Hepatite C/etnologia , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Hepatopatias Alcoólicas/etnologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etnologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Fígado/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Liver disease continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria, due to the high endemicity of viral hepatitis B. However non-alcoholic fatty liver disease may be an important contributory factor. The impact of fatty liver disease in our region has not been evaluated. AIM: To determine the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among a population of diabetic (DM) subjects attending the endocrine clinic of LASUTH compared with non-diabetic subjects; ascertain other contributing factors and compare the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome in subjects with and without NAFLD. METHODOLOGY: Consecutive patients who satisfy the study criteria were enrolled. An investigator- administered questionnaire was used to determine symptoms of liver disease, followed by physical examination to obtain anthropometric indices as well as signs of liver disease. Abdominal scan was performed to determine radiologic evidence of fatty liver and fasting blood samples were collected from for the measurement of fasting lipid profile, glucose, liver biochemistry and serology for hepatitis B and C markers. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty subjects, mean age 56 years (standard deviation = 9, range 20-80 yr) and gender ratio (F: M) of 83:67(55%:45%), were recruited. 106 were diabetics and 44 non-diabetics. The overall prevalence of NAFLD amongst all study subjects was 8.7%. The prevalence rate of NAFLD was higher in the DM cases than in the Control subjects but this difference was not statistically significant (9.5 vs. 4.5%, p = 0.2). Only one of the subjects with fatty liver disease had elevated transaminase levels (steatohepatitis) and also had type 2 DM. Central obesity as measured by waist circumference (WC) and SGPT levels were significantly higher in people with fatty liver. The mean body mass index (BMI) of diabetic and non-diabetic patients was similar (31 vs. 30 kg/m(2)). The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was higher in the subjects with NAFLD than in those without fatty liver disease but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.8). CONCLUSION: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is present in Africa but is less than what one would expect based on American and European studies.
Assuntos
Hospitais Urbanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Síndrome Metabólica/etnologia , Síndrome Metabólica/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etnologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/mortalidade , Fígado Gorduroso/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado Gorduroso/etnologia , Fígado Gorduroso/mortalidade , Feminino , Hepatite B Crônica/etnologia , Hepatite B Crônica/mortalidade , Hepatite C Crônica/etnologia , Hepatite C Crônica/mortalidade , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Morbidade , Nigéria/epidemiologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Prevalência , Inquéritos e Questionários , Ultrassonografia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The fat content of the liver has been measured in 163 biopsy specimens taken from 95 malnourished children in Jamaica within a few days of admission to hospital and at various stages of recovery. The fat content was also measured in 38 samples from children who died. Severe degrees of fatty infiltration, up to 50% of the wet weight, were found. Fatty liver of this degree of severity may be a cause of death. The increase in fat was accompanied by an increase in water content. This may be the result of breakdown in the energy-dependent regulation of water content. Repeat biopsies were done within 6 weeks of admission in 26 children. The average rate of clearance of fat expressed as a fraction of the amount present at any time was 5.5% per day. An attempt was made by more frequent biopsies to determine whether the rate of decrease was influenced by the protein content of the diet, but the results were inconclusive.
Assuntos
Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Fígado/metabolismo , Água Corporal/metabolismo , Pré-Escolar , Proteínas Alimentares/uso terapêutico , Fígado Gorduroso/etiologia , Fígado Gorduroso/mortalidade , Humanos , Lactente , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/dietoterapia , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/mortalidade , JamaicaRESUMO
The fat content of the liver has been measured in 163 biopsy specimens taken from 95 malnourished children in Jamaica within a few days of admission to hospital and at various stages of recovery. The fat content was also measured in 38 samples from children who died. Severe degrees of fatty infiltration, up to 50 percent of the wet weight, were found. Fatty liver of this degree of severity may be a cause of death. The increase in fat was accompanied by an increase in water content. Repeat biopsies were done within 6 weeks of admission in 26 children. The average rate of clearance of fat expressed as a fraction of the amount present at any time was 5.5 percent per day. An attempt was made by more frequent biopsies to determine whether the rate of decrease was influenced by the protein content of the diet, but the results were inconclusive.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/metabolismo , Lipídeos/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Água Corporal/metabolismo , Proteínas Alimentares/uso terapêutico , Fígado Gorduroso/etiologia , Fígado Gorduroso/mortalidade , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/dietoterapia , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/mortalidade , JamaicaRESUMO
The clinical and autopsy features of 20 fatal cases of "Sugar babies" are reported from the Colonial Hospital, San Fernando, Trinidad. At autopsy the most striking finding was the large fatty liver. Treatment of the condition is discussed and the importance of an adequate protein intake during the first year of life is stressed. (AU)