RESUMO
Predictors of health across the life-course do not maintain the same significance in very late life and the role of financial strain in health outcomes of very old adults remain unclear. Data from adults aged 74 + in waves 5 and 7 of the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly (n = 772) study was used to evaluate the role of financial strain on the health of older Mexican Americans who have the highest poverty rate of any racial or ethnic group in the United States. We evaluate the association between episodic (one wave) and persistent financial strain (two waves), with follow-up health outcomes (self-rated health, ADL (limitations in activities of daily living)/IADL (limitations in instrumental activities of daily living) disability, and depressive symptoms). Adults with persistent strain were twice as likely to experience depressive symptoms and three times more likely to experience IADL limitations than the unstrained. Our findings highlight the role of stress proliferation and allostatic load processes leading to deteriorated health over time.
Assuntos
Atividades Cotidianas , Depressão , Nível de Saúde , Americanos Mexicanos , Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Feminino , Americanos Mexicanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Atividades Cotidianas/psicologia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/etnologia , Depressão/psicologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos/etnologia , Estresse Financeiro/etnologia , Estresse Financeiro/psicologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The present study examined how different family level (family financial stress, family violence) and individual (food insecurity, gender, race) determinants of health were associated with mental health among Puerto Rican adolescents living in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: A sample consisting of 119 Puerto Rican adolescents, aged 13 to 17, was collected via Qualtrics Panels between November 2020 and January 2021. We examined the association between family financial stress experienced during the pandemic and psychological distress. We also evaluated whether the association between family financial stress and psychological distress was moderated by family violence, food insecurity, and the participant's gender and race. RESULTS: Findings showed that food insecurity positively predicted psychological distress. Results also showed that participants' race moderated the association between family financial stress and psychological distress. Specifically, we found that while there was a significant positive association between family financial stress and psychological distress among Puerto Rican adolescents who identified as a racial minority, this association was nonsignificant among White Puerto Rican adolescents. CONCLUSION: Our research highlights the significant role of COVID-19 related family financial stress and food insecurity on Puerto Rican adolescents' poor mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Estresse Financeiro , Hispânico ou Latino , Saúde Mental , Pandemias , Estresse Psicológico , Adolescente , Humanos , Ansiedade , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/etnologia , COVID-19/psicologia , Hispânico ou Latino/etnologia , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde Mental/etnologia , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Porto Rico/etnologia , Estresse Financeiro/economia , Estresse Financeiro/epidemiologia , Estresse Financeiro/etnologia , Estresse Financeiro/psicologia , Insegurança Alimentar/economia , Estresse Psicológico/economia , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Estresse Psicológico/etnologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: In a sample of Mexican American adolescents (N = 398; 51% females; aged 13-17), we examined the associations between psychological distress, COVID-19 household economic stress, COVID-19 academic stress, and whether these associations varied by adolescents' gender and by parents/caregivers' essential worker status. METHOD: First, linear regression models assessed the main effects of household economic and academic stress on psychological distress. Second, the moderating effects of gender and parents/caregivers' essential worker status on the association between household economic and academic stress, and psychological distress were examined. Third, the three-way interaction effect of household economic stress, gender, and parents/caregivers' essential worker status on psychological distress as well as the three-way interaction effect of academic stress, gender, and parents/caregivers' essential worker status on psychological distress were calculated. RESULTS: Household economic and academic stress were associated with psychological distress. However, these associations did not vary based on adolescents' gender or parents/caregivers' essential worker status. The three-way interaction for household economic stress, parents/caregivers' essential worker status, and gender for psychological distress was significant. Specifically, the effects of household economic stress on psychological distress was worse for boys than girls whose parents/caregivers were essential workers. Furthermore, the three-way interaction among academic stress, parents/caregivers' essential worker status, and gender was significant. Particularly, the effects of academic stress when grades were worse on adolescents' psychological distress was worse for boys than girls whose parents/caregivers were essential workers. CONCLUSION: Parents/caregivers' essential worker status was salient among Mexican American adolescents' mental health outcomes during COVID-19, particularly for adolescent boys.