RESUMO
Although a number of studies have measured circulating levels of some trace elements in preeclampsia (PE) and compared to healthy pregnant (HP), there is no consensus yet about the deficiency of some metals and development of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to compare plasmatic levels of Zn, Mn, Co, Cu, Se and Sr among non-pregnant (NP), healthy pregnant (HP), gestational hypertensive (GH) and preeclamptic (PE) women and to correlate these levels with plasma soluble endoglin (sENG) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT-1), two important antiangiogenic proteins related to PE. A total of 184 women were enrolled in this study (NP=35, GH=51, PE=37 and HP=61). Trace element analyses were carried out with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS). sENG and sFLT-1 plasma concentrations were measured by commercial ELISA kits. The most interesting result is that Sr is higher in PE (63%, P<0.001) compared to HP and their levels are positively correlated with sENG in all three groups of pregnant women. Moreover, we found a negative correlation between Zn and sENG in HP (r=-0.43, P=0.003). Regarding other elements, we found similar levels among pregnant groups. In conclusion, this study showed that Sr may has a role in physiopathology of PE.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Angiogênese/sangue , Antígenos CD/sangue , Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez/sangue , Receptores de Superfície Celular/sangue , Oligoelementos/sangue , Receptor 1 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/sangue , Adulto , Brasil , Endoglina , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Pré-Eclâmpsia , Gravidez , Solubilidade , Estrôncio/sangue , Zinco/sangueRESUMO
Monitoring the nutritional status of essential elements and assessing exposure of individuals to toxic elements is of great importance for human health. Thus, the appropriate selection and measurement of biomarkers of internal dose is of critical importance. Due to their many advantages, hair samples have been widely used to assess human exposure to different contaminants. However, the validity of this biomarker in evaluating the level of trace elements in the human body is debatable. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between levels of trace elements in hair and whole blood or plasma in a Brazilian population. Hair, blood and plasma were collected from 280 adult volunteers for metal determination. An ICP-MS was used for sample analysis. Manganese, copper, lead and strontium levels in blood varied from 5.1 to 14.7, from 494.8 to 2383.8, from 5.9 to 330.1 and from 11.6 to 87.3 microg/L, respectively. Corresponding levels in hair varied from 0.05 to 6.71, from 0.02 to 37.59, from 0.02 to 30.63 and from 0.9 to 12.6 microg/g. Trace element levels in plasma varied from 0.07 to 8.62, from 118.2 to 1577.7 and from 2.31 to 34.2 microg/L for Mn, Cu and Sr, respectively. There was a weak correlation (r=0.22, p<0.001) between lead levels in hair and blood. Moreover, copper and strontium levels in blood correlate with those levels in plasma (r=0.64 , p<0.001 for Cu) and (r=0.22, p<0.05 for Sr). However, for Cu, Mn and Sr there was no correlation between levels in hair and blood. Our findings suggest that while the idea of measuring trace elements in hair is attractive, hair is not an appropriate biomarker for evaluating Cu, Mn and Sr deficiency or Pb exposure.
Assuntos
Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Cabelo/química , Oligoelementos/análise , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Cobre/análise , Cobre/sangue , Cobre/deficiência , Feminino , Humanos , Chumbo/análise , Chumbo/sangue , Chumbo/toxicidade , Masculino , Manganês/análise , Manganês/sangue , Manganês/deficiência , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estrôncio/análise , Estrôncio/sangue , Estrôncio/deficiência , Oligoelementos/sangue , Oligoelementos/deficiênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We determined blood strontium (Sr) and iron (Fe) concentrations and their relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) and some biochemical parameters in premenopausal and postmenopausal women without or with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). METHODS: Blood Sr and Fe concentrations, BMD, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), 17beta-estradiol (E2), creatinine, albumin, blood calcium and alkaline phosphatase activity were determined in premenopausal and postmenopausal women without or with HRT (mean ages: 47, 59, and 57 y, respectively). RESULTS: Blood Sr (microg/l) and Fe (mg/l) concentrations in premenopausal (31.65+/-2.96 and 496.05+/-14.37) and postmenopausal women without (28.85+/-2.48 and 525.27+/-8.56) or with (25.98+/-2.73 and 535.77+/-17.57) HRT were not significantly different. BMD L1-L4 and BMD femur (g/cm2) were significantly higher in premenopausal women (1.05+/-0.02 and 0.84+/-0.02) when compared both to postmenopausal women without (0.90+/-0.03 and 0.75+/-0.02) and with (0.93+/-0.03 and 0.73+/-0.01) HRT. However, BMD had no relationship with blood metal concentrations. E2 concentrations were lower in postmenopausal women without HRT, while FSH concentrations were higher in both postmenopausal groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Physiological whole blood Sr and Fe concentrations had no significant effect in BMD and other biochemical parameters in pre and postmenopausal women. However, BMD was negatively influenced by FSH concentrations and associated with age.
Assuntos
Densidade Óssea , Terapia de Reposição de Estrogênios , Ferro/sangue , Pós-Menopausa/sangue , Pré-Menopausa/sangue , Estrôncio/sangue , Estradiol/sangue , Feminino , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/sangue , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The ingestion of diets containing high concentrations of stable strontium inhibits calcium absorption and intestinal calcium-binding protein synthesis and, as shown by others, does so by inhibiting the conversion of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, the active form of vitamin D. The addition of the South American plant Solanum malacoxylon to strontium-containing diets counteracts the inhibitory action of dietary strontium, thereby indicating that the plant contains a factor which can mimic the action of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and representing the first such factor identified in a botanical source.