Assuntos
Assistência à Saúde Culturalmente Competente/normas , Enfermagem de Cuidados Paliativos na Terminalidade da Vida/normas , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Enfermeiros Clínicos/psicologia , Cuidados Paliativos/normas , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Papel Profissional/psicologia , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Desastres , Terremotos , Missões Médicas , Enfermeiros Clínicos/psicologia , Enfermagem Pediátrica , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Haiti , Humanos , Satisfação no Emprego , Missões Médicas/organização & administração , Unidades Móveis de Saúde , Enfermeiros Clínicos/organização & administração , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem/psicologia , Enfermagem Pediátrica/organização & administração , VirginiaRESUMO
In order to describe the profile of primary health care teams in 41 municipalities with more than 100 thousand inhabitants each, a total of 4,749 health workers in two States from the South (1,730) and five from the Northeast (3,019) of Brazil were included from a sample of traditional primary care units and the Family Health Program (FHP). After providing informed consent, the health workers answered a self-applied questionnaire with demographic, work-related, and their own health-related data. The principal differences between the two models involved the structuring of the teams, with the FHP including more community health agents, more women, more young workers, fewer hired on the basis of formal admissions exams, more with a single job, more precarious employment arrangements, less employment satisfaction, less time on the job, larger workloads, greater specialization in the area, and better pay. The FHP also showed worse self-perceived health and more medical appointments. Management efforts are needed to support these workers, who form the basis of the health system and are key protagonists in the development and consolidation of primary care.
Assuntos
Saúde da Família , Pessoal de Saúde , Saúde Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Programas Médicos Regionais , Adulto , Brasil , Demografia , Escolaridade , Emprego/psicologia , Emprego/estatística & dados numéricos , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Medicina de Família e Comunidade , Feminino , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Humanos , Satisfação no Emprego , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Enfermeiros Clínicos/psicologia , Enfermeiros Clínicos/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Com o objetivo de descrever o perfil das equipes de saúde da atenção básica em 41 municípios com mais de 100 mil habitantes, um total de 4.749 trabalhadores de saúde de dois estados do Sul (1.730) e cinco do Nordeste (3.019) do Brasil foram incluídos a partir de amostra das unidades básicas de saúde tradicionais e do Programa Saúde da Família (PSF). Após consentimento, os trabalhadores responderam a um instrumento auto-aplicado com informações demográficas, sobre o trabalho e a sua situação de saúde. As principais diferenças entre os modelos de atenção foram na constituição das equipes, com o PSF apresentando mais agentes comunitários de saúde, mais mulheres, trabalhadores mais jovens, menor ingresso por concurso, mais trabalhadores com um único emprego, maior precarização nos vínculos trabalhistas, menor satisfação com este vínculo, menor antiguidade no trabalho, maior carga horária, maior especialização na área e melhor remuneração. Pior avaliação de sua saúde e maior proporção de consultas médicas foram igualmente registradas para o PSF. São necessários esforços no âmbito da gestão para apoiar esses trabalhadores, que são a base do sistema de saúde e, protagonistas do seu desenvolvimento e da consolidação da atenção básica.
In order to describe the profile of primary health care teams in 41 municipalities with more than 100 thousand inhabitants each, a total of 4,749 health workers in two States from the South (1,730) and five from the Northeast (3,019) of Brazil were included from a sample of traditional primary care units and the Family Health Program (FHP). After providing informed consent, the health workers answered a self-applied questionnaire with demographic, work-related, and their own health-related data. The principal differences between the two models involved the structuring of the teams, with the FHP including more community health agents, more women, more young workers, fewer hired on the basis of formal admissions exams, more with a single job, more precarious employment arrangements, less employment satisfaction, less time on the job, larger workloads, greater specialization in the area, and better pay. The FHP also showed worse self-perceived health and more medical appointments. Management efforts are needed to support these workers, who form the basis of the health system and are key protagonists in the development and consolidation of primary care.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Saúde da Família , Pessoal de Saúde , Saúde Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Programas Médicos Regionais , Brasil , Demografia , Escolaridade , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Emprego/psicologia , Emprego/estatística & dados numéricos , Medicina de Família e Comunidade , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Satisfação no Emprego , Enfermeiros Clínicos/psicologia , Enfermeiros Clínicos/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
The effectiveness and impact of continuing education for specialist nurses working with drug and alcohol had been poorly documented and the purpose of this study was to enhance our understanding of this process. The aims of the study were to identify predictors of course satisfaction and perceived course impact and to examine students' satisfaction with modules' learning outcomes and their applications to practice. This study was a cross-sectional survey of 46 part-time students enrolled a Postgraduate Diploma in Addictive Behaviour. Three instruments were used to measure modules' satisfaction, post-course satisfaction (PCSQ-18) and on-the-job impact (CIQ-17). The findings provided some support on the effect and impact of an educational programme on the practice development of addiction nurses. Within the multilayered hypothesis, the results indicate that expectations on the Health Education and Prevention Module were the only significant predictor of course satisfaction and Expectation of the Special Population Module was the only significant predictor of course impact on professional practice. Clinical placements have had a significant impact on professional practice of addiction nurses. Further evaluative studies need to be undertaken to examine the impact of educational programmes on its applications to clinical practice and the quality of care provided.
Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Comportamento Aditivo/enfermagem , Educação Continuada em Enfermagem/organização & administração , Enfermeiros Clínicos , Enfermagem Psiquiátrica/educação , Adulto , Competência Clínica , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Enfermeiros Clínicos/educação , Enfermeiros Clínicos/psicologia , Pesquisa em Educação em Enfermagem , Pesquisa Metodológica em Enfermagem , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Autoavaliação (Psicologia) , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosAssuntos
Enfermeiros Clínicos/psicologia , Enfermagem Pediátrica , Missões Religiosas/organização & administração , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Criança , Proteção da Criança , Haiti , Humanos , Motivação , Enfermeiros Clínicos/organização & administração , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Enfermagem Pediátrica/organização & administração , PobrezaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes the process of constructing and reconstructing the meanings of the concepts ostomy, ostomy patient, and the nurse's role in managing an ostomy after the experience of wearing a pouch. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: Thirty nurses who were students in the Enterostomal Therapy Nursing Education Program in 1992 and 1993 participated in this study. All of the participants were female, ages 20 to 55 years, had graduated from nursing at least 6 years previously, and had been working at acute care hospital units or at outpatient care centers. The research was completed at the Enterostomal Therapy Nursing Education Program in the Nursing College of the University of São Paulo. METHODS: All participants wore a pouch and lived as an ostomy patient for a 24-hour period and then were interviewed about their experience. Two major themes were identified after analysis: "being a person with an ostomy" and "being a professional." RESULTS: The experience of wearing a pouch promoted changes in perceived role, self-esteem, body image, sexuality, and social relations. These changes were sometimes perceived as stigmatization and sometimes as enhancing social support. The perceptions caused a crisis that provoked the use of coping and social defense mechanisms that ultimately altered the participants' perceptions of the meaning of "being a nurse." Prior to this learning experience, the participants' management of patients with ostomies was fragmented and marked by a dissociation among activity, thinking, and feeling. Before the experiences, participants defined their management of patients with ostomies as mostly technical, focusing on the ostomy and the pouch. Following the experience, participants proposed changes in practice designed to care for the whole human being, revealing an incorporation of the affective, symbolic, and relational dimensions critical to managing the care of patients with an ostomy. CONCLUSION: The results showed that having subjects wear a pouch as a pedagogic strategy was successful in directing the participants' thinking about new meanings concerning "being a professional," resulting in some potential profound changes in the future nursing care of their patients.