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2.
Infection ; 45(2): 199-207, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27771866

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe disease. Pathogen isolation is fundamental so as to treat effectively and reduce morbidity and mortality. Blood and valve culture and histopathology (HP) are routinely employed for this purpose. Valve HP is the gold standard for diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of clinical criteria for IE (the modified Duke and the St Thomas' minor modifications, STH) of blood and valve culture compared to valve HP, and to evaluate antibiotic treatment duration. METHODS: Prospective case series of patients, from 2006 to 2014 with surgically treated IE. Statistical analysis was done by the R software. RESULTS: There were 136 clinically definite episodes of IE in 133 patients. Mean age ± SD was 43 ± 15.6 years and IE was left sided in 81.6 %. HP was definite in 96 valves examined, which were used as gold standard. Sensitivity of blood culture was 61 % (CI 0.51, 0.71) and of valve culture 15 % (CI 0.07, 0.26). The modified Duke criteria were 65 % (CI 0.55, 0.75) sensitive and 33 % specific, while the STH's sensitivity was 72 % (CI 0.61, 0.80) with similar specificity. In multivariate analysis and logistic regression, the only variable with statistical significance was duration of antibiotic therapy postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Valve HP had high sensitivity and valve culture low sensitivity in the diagnosis of IE. The STH's criteria were more sensitive than the modified Duke criteria. Valve HP should guide duration of postoperative antibiotic treatment.


Assuntos
Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina/métodos , Endocardite/diagnóstico , Endocardite/patologia , Valvas Cardíacas/patologia , Histocitoquímica/métodos , Adulto , Endocardite/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
5.
Biomed Res Int ; 2013: 431465, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24222906

RESUMO

Streptococcus mutans, the predominant bacterial species associated with dental caries, can enter the bloodstream and cause infective endocarditis. The aim of this study was to investigate S. mutans biofilm formation and adherence to endothelial cells induced by human fibrinogen. The putative mechanism by which biofilm formation is induced as well as the impact of fibrinogen on S. mutans resistance to penicillin was also evaluated. Bovine plasma dose dependently induced biofilm formation by S. mutans. Of the various plasma proteins tested, only fibrinogen promoted the formation of biofilm in a dose-dependent manner. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed the presence of complex aggregates of bacterial cells firmly attached to the polystyrene support. S. mutans in biofilms induced by the presence of fibrinogen was markedly resistant to the bactericidal effect of penicillin. Fibrinogen also significantly increased the adherence of S. mutans to endothelial cells. Neither S. mutans cells nor culture supernatants converted fibrinogen into fibrin. However, fibrinogen is specifically bound to the cell surface of S. mutans and may act as a bridging molecule to mediate biofilm formation. In conclusion, our study identified a new mechanism promoting S. mutans biofilm formation and adherence to endothelial cells which may contribute to infective endocarditis.


Assuntos
Biofilmes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Endocardite/microbiologia , Fibrinogênio/administração & dosagem , Streptococcus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Bovinos , Linhagem Celular , Endocardite/patologia , Células Endoteliais/microbiologia , Fibrina/metabolismo , Fibrinogênio/metabolismo , Humanos , Mutação , Streptococcus/efeitos dos fármacos
7.
Clin Cardiol ; 35(4): 244-9, 2012 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22213472

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: According to published evidence, treatment of infective endocarditis (IE) associated with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) should include complete removal of the system. Several publications have shown that transvenous removal is an effective and safe nonthoracotomy approach in patients with large vegetations, but experiences with vegetations larger than 20 mm have rarely been reported. HYPOTHESIS: Our aim was to describe our experience in percutaneous removal of CIEDs in patients with IE with large vegetations. METHODS: The data were collected retrospectively and analyzed prospectively. We evaluated in-hospital morbidity and mortality related to percutaneous removal of vegetations ≥20 mm. This included 8 cases with a follow-up period of 20 months. We removed 100% of leads in the study population. RESULTS: Two patients experienced minor complications. No patient experienced subclavian vein laceration, hemothorax and lead fracture, or severe tricuspid regurgitation. After the removal procedure, 2 patients had symptoms compatible with pulmonary embolism. Both in-hospital mortality and mortality at follow-up were zero. CONCLUSIONS: Transvenous extraction of pacing leads with larger vegetations is a feasible technique. There was a tendency toward symptomatic pulmonary embolism in patients with vegetations larger than 20 mm; however, morbidity and mortality were not influenced. We agree with the consensus that this procedure is highly useful and that the selection of the removal techniques will depend not only on the size of vegetation but also on prior cardiopulmonary conditions, concomitant cardiac surgery, atrial septal defect with risk of paradoxical embolism, center experience, and the possibility of complete removal of the device.


Assuntos
Estimulação Cardíaca Artificial/efeitos adversos , Eletrodos/efeitos adversos , Endocardite/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Endocardite/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Estatística como Assunto
8.
R. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 71(4): 762-765, 2012. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-9195

RESUMO

A infecção primária do pericárdio e do endocárdio é rara. Este estudo descreve a evolução de uma criança com cardite reumática aguda, complicada com pericardite infecciosa bacteriana, secundária a abscessos de pele e endocardite fúngica. O tempo prolongado de internação, o uso de cateter venoso central e a antibioticoterapia de amplo espectro foram os fatores que provavelmente favoreceram a colonização, a candidíase invasiva e o desenvolvimento da endocardite por levedura do complexo Candida parapsilosis.(AU)


The primary infection of pericardium and endocardium rarely occurs. This study reports the evolution of a child with acute rheumatic carditis with subsequent pericardial bacterial infection, due to cutaneous abscess and fungal endocarditis. Probably, the long hospital stay, the usage of central venous catheter and the broad-spectrum antibiotics enhanced the colonization, the invasive candidiasis induction and the development of fungal endocarditis by Candida parapsilosis complex yeast.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Pericardite/patologia , Endocardite/patologia , Leveduras/ultraestrutura , Infecções/microbiologia
12.
Heart ; 93(11): 1414-9, 2007 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17395672

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A few recent studies have evaluated diagnostic accuracy by comparison between clinical and autopsy diagnoses in a hospital specialising in cardiology. METHODS: 406 consecutive autopsy cases during 2 years were studied. Patients were aged 47.4+/-28.4 years; 236 (58.1%) were men and 170 (41.9%) women. Diagnostic comparison was categorised in classes I to V (I, II, III and IV: discrepancy in decreasing order of importance regarding therapy and prognosis; V: concordance). Categorisation was ranked on the basis of the highest degree of discrepancy. Statistical analysis was performed with the Chi(2) test and stepwise logistic regression. RESULTS: Each age increase of 10 years added 16.2% to the risk of the diagnostic comparison to be categorised in classes I and II (major discrepancy) in comparison to classes III, IV and V (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.27, p<0.001). By contrast, admission to intensive care units decreased the risk of categorisation in classes I and II by 47% (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.85, p = 0.009). The most frequent diagnostic discrepancy occurred for pulmonary embolism: 30 out of 88 (34.1%) diagnoses in classes I and II. The concordance rate was 71.1% for acute myocardial infarction, 75% for aorta dissection, 73.1% for infective endocarditis and 35.2% for pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSION: Age and hospital ward influenced the distribution of diagnostic discrepancy or concordance between clinical and autopsy diagnoses. The lower discrepancy rate for myocardial infarction and infective endocarditis may be related to the fact that the study was carried out in a specialist hospital.


Assuntos
Autopsia/normas , Institutos de Cardiologia/normas , Cardiopatias/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Endocardite/diagnóstico , Endocardite/patologia , Feminino , Cardiopatias/patologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Classificação Internacional de Doenças , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Infarto do Miocárdio/patologia , Quartos de Pacientes , Embolia Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Embolia Pulmonar/patologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
13.
Clin Rheumatol ; 25(5): 743-5, 2006 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16249828

RESUMO

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease in which extra-articular involvement is not uncommon. Cardiac compromise may be frequent, although most often, it is clinically silent. Herein, two cases of RA-related endocarditis, one of which required valve replacement, are described. Etanercept was useful in controlling the articular and extra-articular RA compromise in both cases.


Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Endocardite/complicações , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/complicações , Adulto , Antirreumáticos/uso terapêutico , Artrite Reumatoide/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite Reumatoide/patologia , Captopril , Quimioterapia Combinada , Ecocardiografia , Endocardite/patologia , Endocardite/terapia , Etanercepte , Feminino , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/patologia , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/terapia , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Receptores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/uso terapêutico , Indução de Remissão
14.
In. Grinberg, Max; Sampaio, Roney Orismas. Doença Valvar. Barueri, Manole, 2006. p.297-308, ilus, tab. (Doença Valvar).
Monografia em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-473611

RESUMO

A endocardite é uma das doenças de mais rica propedêutica na cardiologia. Desde a primeira descrição de um quadro clínico sugestivo de endocardite infecciosa, em 1646, por Lazare Reviere, muitas mudanças ocorreram, com progressiva sistematização de diagnóstico e terapêutica. Após mais de 200 anos...


Assuntos
Humanos , Endocardite/diagnóstico , Endocardite/etiologia , Endocardite/patologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/classificação
15.
Rev. SOCERJ ; 17(1): 58-60, jan.-mar. 2004. ilus
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-400611

RESUMO

Paciente jovem, portador de valva aórtica bicúspidee membrana subaórtica que foi acometido porendocardite por staphylococcus em valva, fezmúltiplos acidentes vasculares encefálicosembólicos, tendo evoluído para o óbito


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Idoso , Endocardite/patologia , Staphylococcus/patogenicidade , Valva Aórtica/fisiopatologia , Embolia Intracraniana
17.
Angiology ; 50(3): 245-53, 1999 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10088805

RESUMO

The authors present the cases of two young patients, a man and a woman, who presented with myocardial infarction, in the absence of ischemic heart disease or stenosis of the coronary arteries. The woman was known to have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for the past 3 years (the immunoglobulin M [IgM] anticardiolipins antibodies were positive), without a history of coronary risk factors. Suddenly she presented with acute chest pain on rest that lasted 4 hours and culminated in anterior wall myocardial infarction. She was admitted to the coronary care unit, where no thrombolysis was given. She did not have echocardiographic evidence of Libman-Sacks endocarditis, but myocardial infarction was evident at the electrocardiogram (ECG). The young man had SLE (the IgM anticardiolipins were absent, but he was positive for lupus anticoagulant antibodies), he was hyperlipidemic, was a moderate smoker and moderately obese, and had no history of ischemic heart disease. He suddenly presented with an acute myocardial infarction documented by ECG, enzymes, and gammagraphy. In both patients, coronary angiography findings were normal and myocardial biopsy did not show evidence of arteritis. The relevance of these cases is the rare association of ischemic heart disease in SLE, with normal coronary arteries and without evidence of arteritis or verrucous endocarditis.


Assuntos
Angiografia Coronária , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Infarto do Miocárdio/etiologia , Adulto , Anticorpos Anticardiolipina/análise , Arterite/patologia , Doença das Coronárias/patologia , Creatina Quinase/análise , Ecocardiografia , Eletrocardiografia , Endocardite/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipergamaglobulinemia/complicações , Hiperlipidemias/complicações , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Isoenzimas , Inibidor de Coagulação do Lúpus/análise , Masculino , Obesidade/complicações , Fumar/efeitos adversos
20.
Antibiot. infecc ; 5(1): 29-35, ene.-mar. 1997. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-230669

RESUMO

Se estudiaron en forma retrospectiva las historias clínicas de 64 pacientes que cunplían con los criterios diagnósticos de endocarditis infecciosa (EI) en el Hospital Vargas de Caracas entre enero de 1990 y diciembre de 1995. Se analizó la casuística en base a diagnóstico definitivo o probable de EI, sexo, edad, signos y síntomas más frecuentes, factores predisponentes, hallazgos microbiológicos, ecocardiográficos, evolución clínica, complicaciones y mortalidad durante su hospitalización. De acuerdo al análisis de los resultados, la endocarditis infecciosa no es una patología despreciable en nuestro medio, presentándose la mayoría de los casos entre la segunda y cuarta década de vida en pacientes en su mayoría con valvulopatias subyacentes, con un predominio de Gram positivos como agente causal y una mortalidad superior a la reportada en otras series internacionales, principalmente por complicaciones cardíacas


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ecocardiografia , Endocardite Bacteriana/prevenção & controle , Endocardite/patologia , Cardiopatias/patologia
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