RESUMO

A new species of Acroeimeria Paperna & Landsberg, 1989 is described from Wiegmann's torquate lizard Sceloporus torquatus torquatus Wiegmann from Toluca, México. Oöcysts of Acroeimeria wiegmanni n. sp. are sub-spheroidal with a smooth bi-layered wall, measure on average 28.6 × 23.6 µm, and have a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.2; a micropyle and an oocyst residuum are absent but polar granule(s) are present. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal and measure on average 11.7 × 8.6 µm, L/W 1.3; Stieda, sub-Stieda and para-Stieda bodies are absent. The sporocyst residuum is composed of numerous spheroidal granules in the center of the sporocyst. Endogenous stages of the new species develop in the duodenum of hosts. This is the first species of coccidian reported from S. t. torquatus and one of the few reported from a reptile in México.

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Coccidia (Chromista: Miozoa: Eimeriidae) of columbiform birds (Aves: Columbiformes) have been described since the end of the nineteenth century; however, some of these descriptions were poorly detailed or inconclusive. In this sense, the current work makes a detailed taxonomic revision reconsidering and organizing 18 Eimeria spp. and two Isospora spp. previously described or reported of Columbiformes. Along with this, a new species of Eimeria is morphologically and molecularly identified by the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene and by the 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S) gene from the ruddy ground-dove Columbina talpacoti (Temminck, 1809) in the Médio Paraíba region of the State of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Eimeria columbinae n. sp. has subspheroidal oocysts, 14.7 × 13.2 µm, with smooth, bi-layered wall, ~ 1.1 µm and length/width ratio of 1.1. Micropyle and oocyst residuum are present, but polar granule is absent. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal to slightly asymmetrical, 9.0 × 5.1 µm, with both Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies. Sporocyst residuum present and sporozoites with refractile body and nucleus. This is the 19th description of an eimerian from Columbiformes in the World, and the second to have a molecular identification of the COI and 18S genes.

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Ninety-seven specimens of spotfin hatchetfish, Thoracocharax stellatus, an ornamental freshwater species from the Amazon basin, were captured in the basin of the Guamá River in the municipality of Belém, in northern Brazil, and analysed for coccidiosis infection. Overall, 26 of the specimens were infected by apicomplexan parasites of the genus Goussia, with unsporulated forms being found in the gastric epithelium and sporulated forms in the intestinal lumen. The spheroid oocysts (mean diameter: 13.2 ± 1.7 µm) have four elliptical sporocysts. A partial sequence of the SSU rDNA of the new species was obtained, which contained 1,121 base pairs, with 43.8% guanine + cytosine (G + C), and the bases distributed as follows: A = 28.1%, C = 18.3%, G = 25.5% and T = 28.1%. The combined analysis of the morphometric and phylogenetic evidence confirmed that the specimens represented the genus Goussia and were allocated to a new species, Goussia guamaensis n. sp., which is described here.

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A new coccidian species of the genus Caryospora Léger, 1904 (Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae) is described based on material from the Guanabara spotted night snake Siphlophis pulcher (Raddi) (Reptilia: Dipsadidae) in a coastal area of the Atlantic Forest in Ilha Grande Island, state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Caryospora ceadsensis n. sp. possesses spheroidal to slightly subspheroidal oöcysts measuring 17-24 × 17-24 (22.1 × 22.0) µm, with a c.1.3 µm thick bi-layered wall (inner layer smooth, outer layer slightly striated), length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.0-1.1 (1.0) and a highly refractive polar granule. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal, 11-17 × 10-13 (14.7 × 11.2) µm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0-1.5 (1.3), with a nipple-like Stieda body (1.1 µm high and 2.9 µm wide) and a large, bubble-shaped sub-Stieda body 1.7 µm high and 3.8 µm wide (1.0-2.0 × 3.0-4.5 µm). Sporocyst residuum composed of granules of differing sizes. Sporozoites with striations. This is the sixth record of a species of Caryospora in snakes of the family Dipsadidae in Brazil.

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The common kestrel Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus, 1758, is a widespread raptor, native in Europe, Asia and Africa, and vagrant in the Americas. In the current work, 27 fecal samples were collected from common kestrels kept in the Lisbon Center for Wild Animal Recovery, located at Monsanto Forest Park, Lisbon, Portugal. Five (19%) of them were found to be passing an undescribed species of Caryospora in their feces. The oocysts of Caryospora peneireiroi n. sp. were ellipsoidal with a bilayered wall and measured 47.1 × 37.6 µm with a shape index of 1.25. No micropyle, oocyst residuum or polar granule was present. The sporocysts were subspherical, measuring 25.1 × 24.3 µm. Stieda, sub-Stieda and para-Stieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum was composed of many homogenous globules scattered throughout the periphery of the sporocyst. This is the fourth caryosporan species reported from F. tinnunculus.(AU)

O peneireiro Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus, 1758, é uma ave de rapina com vasta distribuição geográfica, nativa da Europa, Ásia e África, e errante nas Américas. No presente trabalho, 27 amostras de fezes foram coletadas de peneireiros mantidos no Centro de Recuperação de Animais Silvestres de Lisboa, localizado no Parque Florestal de Monsanto, Lisboa, Portugal. Cinco (19%) deles eliminaram uma espécie não descrita de Caryospora em suas fezes. Os oocistos de Caryospora peneireiroi n. sp. foram elipsoides, com parede de dupla camada, medindo 47,1 × 37,6 µm, e índice morfométrico de 1,25. A micrópila, resíduo do oocisto e grânulo polar não foram evidenciados. Os esporocistos foram subesféricos, medindo 25,1 × 24,3 µm. Corpos de Stieda, substieda e parastieda não se manifestaram. Resíduo do esporocisto foi composto de muitos glóbulos homogêneos espalhados por toda a periferia do esporocisto. Essa é a quarta espécie Caryospora descrita de F. tinnunculus.(AU)

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A new coccidian species of the genus Caryospora Léger, 1904 (Protozoa, Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae) is reported from the colubrid snake host Philodryas olfersii Lichtenstein at a coastal area in the State of Rio de Janeiro, south-eastern Brazil. Oöcysts of Caryospora olfersii n. sp. are spherical to sub-spherical, 33.1 × 31.2 µm, with smooth, colourless, three-layered wall, c.1.4; middle layer lightly striated. Micropyle, oöcyst residuum and polar granule are all absent. Sporocysts are ovoid, 22.9 × 17.4 µm on average, with one extremity in the shape of a short neck. Stieda body present, 3.2 × 1.3 µm, sub-Stieda body present, homogeneous, larger than Stieda body, 4.5 × 1.7 µm. Sporozoites are inserted in a bulky sporocyst residuum.

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Primo-infecção por Eimeria spp., evolução da infecção e principais espécies presentes foram avaliadas em 30 cordeiros da raça Santa Inês, machos, lactentes, criados em sistema semi-intensivo no Norte de Minas Gerais. A detecção inicial de oocistos nas fezes ocorreu entre o 16º e o 32º dias de idade e a espécie mais freqüente foi E. ovinoidalis (52,8 por cento). A excreção de oocistos até a 16ª semana de idade caracterizou-se por aumento gradual a partir da segunda semana, com picos na sétima e na 10ª semanas. O segundo pico foi mais baixo que o primeiro, com queda mais persistente, indicando o desenvolvimento de imunidade. Foram identificadas 11 espécies de Eimeria: E. parva, E. ovinoidalis, E. crandallis, E. caprovina, E. ovina, E. ahsata, E. pallida, E. faurei, E. intrincata, E. granulosa e E. punctata. E. crandallis foi a mais freqüente (47,2 por cento). As condições locais e de manejo, apesar de consideradas adversas, foram propícias à esporulação de oocistos de Eimeria spp. e à constante reinfecção dos cordeiros

Eimeria spp. primoinfection, the development of this infection and the infecting species were determined by the evaluation of 30 Santa Inês lactating male lambs reared under semi-intensive conditions in Northern Minas Gerais. Oocysts were first detected in faeces of lambs between the 16th and the 32th week of age. The most frequent species was E. ovinoidalis (52.8 percent). The oocysts output until the 16th week of age was characterized by peaks at the 7th and 10th weeks. The second peak was lower than the first, followed by a subsequent reduction more persistent than the first one, suggesting the development of immunity. Eleven species of Eimeria were identified: E. parva, E. ovinoidalis, E. crandallis, E. caprovina, E. ovina, E. ahsata, E. pallida, E. faurei, E. intrincata, E. granulosa and E. puncata. E. crandallis was the most frequent (47.2 percent). Although considered adverse, the environmental conditions allowed the sporulattion of Eimeria spp. oocysts and the constant reinfection of the lambs

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RESUMO

Primo-infecção por Eimeria spp., evolução da infecção e principais espécies presentes foram avaliadas em 30 cordeiros da raça Santa Inês, machos, lactentes, criados em sistema semi-intensivo no Norte de Minas Gerais. A detecção inicial de oocistos nas fezes ocorreu entre o 16º e o 32º dias de idade e a espécie mais freqüente foi E. ovinoidalis (52,8 por cento). A excreção de oocistos até a 16ª semana de idade caracterizou-se por aumento gradual a partir da segunda semana, com picos na sétima e na 10ª semanas. O segundo pico foi mais baixo que o primeiro, com queda mais persistente, indicando o desenvolvimento de imunidade. Foram identificadas 11 espécies de Eimeria: E. parva, E. ovinoidalis, E. crandallis, E. caprovina, E. ovina, E. ahsata, E. pallida, E. faurei, E. intrincata, E. granulosa e E. punctata. E. crandallis foi a mais freqüente (47,2 por cento). As condições locais e de manejo, apesar de consideradas adversas, foram propícias à esporulação de oocistos de Eimeria spp. e à constante reinfecção dos cordeiros(AU)

Eimeria spp. primoinfection, the development of this infection and the infecting species were determined by the evaluation of 30 Santa Inês lactating male lambs reared under semi-intensive conditions in Northern Minas Gerais. Oocysts were first detected in faeces of lambs between the 16th and the 32th week of age. The most frequent species was E. ovinoidalis (52.8 percent). The oocysts output until the 16th week of age was characterized by peaks at the 7th and 10th weeks. The second peak was lower than the first, followed by a subsequent reduction more persistent than the first one, suggesting the development of immunity. Eleven species of Eimeria were identified: E. parva, E. ovinoidalis, E. crandallis, E. caprovina, E. ovina, E. ahsata, E. pallida, E. faurei, E. intrincata, E. granulosa and E. puncata. E. crandallis was the most frequent (47.2 percent). Although considered adverse, the environmental conditions allowed the sporulattion of Eimeria spp. oocysts and the constant reinfection of the lambs(AU)

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One hundred and seventy snakes were collected in Guatemala and examined for coccidia. Of these, 8 individuals representing 6 host species were positive for Caryospora spp., 6 of which are described as new species. Sporulated oocysts of Caryospora bothriechis n. sp. from Bothriechis aurifer are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 12.7 x 12.5 (12-14 x 12-13) microm, with a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.0; they lack a micropyle (M) or oocyst residuum (OR), but 1 large polar granule (PG) is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 9.0-7.5 (8-10 x 7-8) microm, and have a L/W ratio of 1.2, and a Stieda body (SB) and sporocyst residuum (SR). Oocysts of Caryospora coniophanis n. sp. from Coniophanes imperialis are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 18.8 x 18.1 (17-20.5 x 16-20) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0; they lack a M and OR, but 1 large PG is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 13.2 x 9.4 (12-15 x 8-10) microm with a L/W ratio of 1.4, and a SB, substieda body (SSB), and SR. Oocysts of Caryospora conophae n. sp. from Conophis lineatus are spheroid to subspheroidal, 20.4 x 19.5 (17-26 x 17-25) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0; they lack a M and OR, but 1 large PG is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 13.1 x 9.8 (11-15 x 8-11) microm with a L/W ratio of 1.3 and a SB, SSB, and SR. Oocysts of Caryospora guatemalensis n. sp. from Lampropeltis triangulum are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 23.9 x 23.2 (20-27 x 20-26) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0; they lack a M and OR, but 1 large PG is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 14.4 x 10.6 (13-18 x 9-13) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.4 and a SB, SSB, and SR. Oocysts of Caryospora mayorum n. sp. from Conophis lineatus are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 25.6 x 24.4 (24-27 x 24-25) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0; they lack a M and OR, but 1 large PG is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 16.3 x 11.9 (16-18 x 11-13) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.4 and a SB, SSB, and SR. Oocysts of Caryospora zacapensis n. sp. from Masticophis mentovarius are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 22.5 x 21.8 (19-25 x 18-25) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0; they lack a M and OR, but 1 large PG is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 14.6 x 11.4 (11-16 x 10-13) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.3 and a SB, SSB, and SR.

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Endogenous development of Choleoeimeria rochalimai (Carini et Pinto, 1926) Lainson et Paperna, 1999 in the gall bladder of Hemidactylus mabouia (Moreau de Jonnes, 1818) from Belém, Brazil is reported at the fine structural level. Meronts and gamonts develop in the epithelial cells of the gall bladder. Infected cells become enlarged and displaced above the epithelial layer. Developing merozoites, dividing meronts and succession of developing microgamonts from initial nuclear division up to final microgamete differentiation are described. In addition towall forming bodies, mature macrogamonts possess a large inclusion or cisterna with fine granular contents.

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