Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Fazendeiros , Formulação de Políticas , Vigilância em Saúde Pública/métodos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/mortalidade , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/terapia , América Central/epidemiologia , Humanos , Prognóstico , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The authors are second-year medical students who spent the previous summer at a nongovernmental organization in Nicaragua. As interns on the public health team, they evaluated barriers to peritoneal dialysis in an agricultural community experiencing an epidemic of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.
Assuntos
Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/mortalidade , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/terapia , Feminino , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Humanos , Masculino , Nicarágua/epidemiologia , Diálise Peritoneal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , ViuvezAssuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/etiologia , Temperatura Alta , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/etiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/mortalidade , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/terapia , Animais , América Central/epidemiologia , Desidratação/complicações , Diagnóstico Precoce , El Salvador/epidemiologia , Feminino , Frutoquinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Frutose/metabolismo , Glucose/biossíntese , Herbicidas/efeitos adversos , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Inseticidas/efeitos adversos , Falência Renal Crônica/etiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Masculino , Camundongos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Diálise Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapiaRESUMO
A cromomicose é uma micose profunda, crônica, com acometimento da pele e do subcutâneo. O fungo é encontrado na natureza nas plantas e no solo, sendo introduzido no organismo através de traumas ou ferimentos. A localização das lesões é, principalmente, nos membros inferiores, podendo também comprometer outras regiões. Os trabalhadores rurais são mais frequentemente acometidos por falta de proteção e exposição contínua. O objetivo deste relato foi apresentar um caso de cromomicose de evolução crônica, fazendo diagnóstico diferencial com outras doenças que causam a síndrome verrucosa (leishmaniose, esporotricose e tuberculose) e realizando breve revisão da literatura. Paciente do gênero masculino, 83 anos, branco, trabalhador rural, procurou Ambulatório de Dermatologia apresentando lesão vegetante, verrucosa, de base eritematosa, com distribuição linear, localizada no membro superior direito com evolução de 9 anos. As características da lesão sugeririam como hipóteses diagnósticas doenças que causam a síndrome verrucosa LECT (iniciais de leishmaniose, esporotricose, cromomicose e tuberculose). Para confirmação diagnóstica, foi realizada biópsia da lesão e exame histopatológico, que revelou presença de células arredondadas de cor castanho escuro em processo de reprodução binária, confirmando o diagnóstico de cromomicose. O paciente foi submetido ao tratamento com itraconazol e crioterapia combinados. A cromomicose possui diagnósticos diferencias em decorrência das características clínicas da lesão,sendo fundamentais, para sua confirmação diagnóstica, exames específicos.
Chromomycosis is a deep and chronic mycosis that affects the skin and the subcutaneous tissues. The fungus is found in nature, in plants and soil, being introduced into the body through trauma or injury. Lesions occur mainly on the lower limbs, but can also involve other regions. Rural workers are more frequently affected due to lack of protection and continuous exposure. The objective of this report was to present a case of chronic chromomycosis evolution, making differential diagnosis with other diseases that cause warty syndrome (leishmaniasis, sporotrichosis and tuberculosis) and performing a brief literature review. Male patient, 83 years old, white, farm laborer, sought the Dermatology Department presenting vegetative, verrucous lesion, with erythematous base, linear distribution, located on the right upper limb, with a 9-year progression. Lesion characteristics would suggest as diagnostic hypotheses diseases that cause warty syndrome LECT (acronym in Portuguese from leishmaniasis, sporotrichosis, chromomycosis and tuberculosis). For diagnostic confirmation, a biopsy and an histopathological examination were performed and revealed the presence of round, dark brown cells in binary reproduction process, confirming the diagnosis of chromomycosis. The patient was treated with itraconazole and cryotherapy combination. Chromomycosis has differential diagnosis due to the clinical characteristics of the lesion; therefore specific tests are fundamental to confirm the diagnosis.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criocirurgia/métodos , Cromoblastomicose/diagnóstico , Cromoblastomicose/terapia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/terapia , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Terapia CombinadaRESUMO
Injuries caused by venomous animals reported by the agricultural workers from the municipality of Cuité, Curimataú region of Paraiba State, Northeast of Brazil, and the practices of folk medicine which they use to treat these cases were studied in this work from June to August 2010. The farmers studied aged from 11 to 90 years. The number of people who reported cases of injury by these animals in their families was high (89.3%). Scorpions, wasps, bees and snakes were the most cited and the extremities of the body (hands, feet, legs and head) were the most affected. The practice of folk medicine to treat these injuries includes various procedures ranging from ritualistic treatments, use of animals or parts of them, and some herbal preparations. The folk treatment was reported as effective by most of the workers injured (63.9%). Body parts of dead snakes are used in various zootherapic treatments. In the imaginary of the agricultural workers the venomous animals are considered hazardous (48.7%) or disgusting (11.3%), and several parts of such animals as the rattle, bee sting or snake leather are used as amulet. Several legends have also been reported about snakes, scorpions and bees. The need for educational activities that aim to clarify these workers about the dangers of such practices is urgent.
Acidentes por animais peçonhentos ocorridos com agricultores sindicalizados do município de Cuité, região do Curimataú paraibano, e práticas de medicina popular por eles utilizadas foram estudadas neste trabalho, através de entrevistas livres e questionários semiestruturados durante o período de junho a agosto de 2010. A idade dos agricultores pesquisados variou de 11 a 90 anos e a incidência de pessoas que sofreram algum acidente com esses animais chegou a 89,3%. Escorpiões, marimbondos, abelhas e serpentes foram os animais mais citados. As extremidades do corpo (mãos, pés, pernas e cabeça) foram as regiões mais atingidas. A prática da medicina popular para tratar desses acidentes inclui vários procedimentos que vão desde tratamentos ritualísticos, uso de animais ou partes dele, até preparos fitoterápicos. O tratamento caseiro é reconhecido como sendo eficaz pela maioria dos que sofreram acidentes (63,9%). Serpentes mortas têm várias partes do corpo arrancadas e usadas em tratamentos zooterápicos diversos. No imaginário dos agricultores, os animais peçonhentos são vistos como perigosos (48,7%) ou nojentos (11,3%), e diversas partes desses animais como chocalho, ferrão da abelha ou couro da cobra são usadas como amuletos de sorte. Inúmeras lendas também foram relatadas com cobras, escorpiões e abelhas. A necessidade de atividades educacionais visando esclarecer esses trabalhadores sobre os perigos dessas práticas é urgente.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Criança , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/terapia , Mordeduras e Picadas/terapia , Medicina Tradicional , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Mordeduras e Picadas/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , PeçonhasRESUMO
Injuries caused by venomous animals reported by the agricultural workers from the municipality of Cuité, Curimataú region of Paraiba State, Northeast of Brazil, and the practices of folk medicine which they use to treat these cases were studied in this work from June to August 2010. The farmers studied aged from 11 to 90 years. The number of people who reported cases of injury by these animals in their families was high (89.3%). Scorpions, wasps, bees and snakes were the most cited and the extremities of the body (hands, feet, legs and head) were the most affected. The practice of folk medicine to treat these injuries includes various procedures ranging from ritualistic treatments, use of animals or parts of them, and some herbal preparations. The folk treatment was reported as effective by most of the workers injured (63.9%). Body parts of dead snakes are used in various zootherapic treatments. In the imaginary of the agricultural workers the venomous animals are considered hazardous (48.7%) or disgusting (11.3%), and several parts of such animals as the rattle, bee sting or snake leather are used as amulet. Several legends have also been reported about snakes, scorpions and bees. The need for educational activities that aim to clarify these workers about the dangers of such practices is urgent.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/terapia , Mordeduras e Picadas/terapia , Medicina Tradicional , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Animais , Mordeduras e Picadas/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peçonhas , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Pesticide poisoning is a major public health concern in developing countries. The authors conducted a population survey among farmers in 3 parishes of northwestern Jamaica to determine the occurrence of acute pesticide poisoning and to identify factors associated with pesticide poisoning. Approximately 16% of 359 farmers who participated in the study reported 1 or more incidents of acute pesticide poisoning within the last 2 years. Only 25% of the farmers reported ever receiving training in pesticide handling or safety. The majority (68%) of farmers who reported pesticide poisoning never sought medical attention for poisoning. The factors found to be associated with pesticide poisoning in this study indicate that implementation of specific intervention strategies and education of farmers is needed in order to improve safe handling, use, and disposal of pesticides and reduce incidents of acute pesticide poisoning.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Poluentes Ambientais/intoxicação , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Praguicidas/intoxicação , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/etiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/terapia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Jamaica/epidemiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Exposição Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Razão de Chances , Fatores de Risco , Autorrelato , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Mexico is a main importers of pesticides in Latin America. OBJECTIVE: to describe pesticide symptoms prevalence, use, and management in a group of agricultural workers. METHODS: we carried out a transversal study in 303 agricultural workers laboring in vegetables, grains and flowers fields. We investigated the work history, pesticide management, and pesticide use frequency, as well as exposure-associated symptoms. RESULTS: mean age was 46 years; 19.5 % of workers were illiterate, and mean pesticide use was 15 years. With regard to pesticide application, 17.2 % of laborers worked with pesticides from 11:00 a. m. to 3:00 p. m., and 36.4 % of them applied pesticides for > 2 h; 29.7 % applied pesticides against the wind, while 26.4 % applied these with the wind. After applying the pesticides, 37.4 % of them bathed after 3 h, 34.5 % changed clothes, and 18.8 % returned to cultivation some hours later; 23 % of workers presented some symptom, the most frequent being headache, itchiness, numbness, and perception of burning on skin; this latter proportion was greater in the < or = 46 years old group CONCLUSIONS: symptom prevalence is in agreement with inappropriate pesticide management; nonetheless, we found no statistically significant association. Our results are lower than other studies, possibly due to lesser exposure, determined by toxicity, pesticide amount utilized, and use and management of chemicals.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas , Doenças Profissionais , Praguicidas/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/induzido quimicamente , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/terapia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/terapia , Prevalência , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Latino migrant and seasonal farmworkers experience high rates of skin disease that result from their working and living conditions. Knowledge of the ways farmworkers treat skin disease symptoms will provide a foundation for developing culturally appropriate health education, improving the delivery of health services, and improving occupational health policy for agricultural workers. The purpose of this paper is to describe skin disease self-management practices among Latino migrant and seasonal farmworkers in North Carolina. This analysis uses a qualitative design based on in-depth interviews with 30 Latino farmworkers (six females, 24 males). Computer assisted, systematic procedures are used to analyze the verbatim transcripts of these interviews. Participants shared a consistent set of health self-management actions in treating skin disease. These actions were within the domains of self-care and medical care. A model of skin disease self-management among Latino farmworkers includes the self-care actions of hygiene, use of home remedies and use of over-the-counter remedies, with farmworkers often combining different domains of self-care. While farmworkers acknowledge the benefits of medical care, they are also mindful of barriers to its use, including cost, transportation and language. The large percentage of farmworkers who experience skin problems indicates that health outreach workers who serve this population need to provide education on preventing and treating skin problems, and they need to recommend to farmworkers appropriate over-the-counter medicines for the treatment of these skin problems. Appropriate medical care for treating skin problems that are dangerous and reduce farmworkers' quality-of-life needs to be made available to this population.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/terapia , Educação em Saúde , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Doenças Profissionais/terapia , Dermatopatias/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/etiologia , Agroquímicos/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Promoção da Saúde , Humanos , Idioma , Masculino , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Fatores de Risco , Estações do Ano , Autocuidado , Dermatopatias/etiologia , Migrantes , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The timely diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis is an important public health problem in both developed and developing nations. In the United States, migrant farmworkers are estimated to be about six times more likely than other employed adults to develop tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate explanatory models of tuberculosis among Mexican migrant farmworkers working in western New York state. In-depth interviews were conducted with 26 farmworkers using an open-ended question format. All interviews were conducted in migrant camps and were audio-taped, translated and transcribed by the researcher. Data analysis was performed using Glaser and Strauss' grounded theory method of analysis which involves continuous and simultaneous data collection, coding, and analysis. Study participants included 21 males and 5 females ranging in age from 18 to 65. Respondents had worked as migrant farmworkers an average of 10 years and had an average of five years of schooling. Two-thirds of the participants had previously attended a tuberculosis education program, and four had received treatment for tuberculosis infection in the past. Farmworkers' explanations of tuberculosis etiology, severity, symptoms, prevention, treatment, and social significance are described as well as their beliefs about tuberculosis skin testing and the bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Migrant farmworkers' explanatory models were similar in many aspects to the medical model of tuberculosis, although farmworkers had numerous misconceptions about BCG vaccination. Health care workers should be aware that Mexican migrant farmworkers may have beliefs about tuberculosis that are very compatible with participation in testing and treatment programs if such programs are made accessible to them.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/etnologia , Atitude Frente a Saúde/etnologia , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Migrantes/psicologia , Tuberculose/etnologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/terapia , Escolaridade , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Psicológicos , New York , Inquéritos e Questionários , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Tuberculose/terapiaRESUMO
Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF), caused by the arenavirus Junin, is a major public health problem among agricultural workers in Argentina. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, efficacy trial of Candid 1, a live attenuated Junin virus vaccine, was conducted over two consecutive epidemic seasons among 6500 male agricultural workers in the AHF-endemic region. Twenty-three men developed laboratory-confirmed AHF during the study; 22 received placebo and 1 received vaccine (vaccine efficacy 95%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 82%-99%). Three additional subjects in each group developed laboratory-confirmed Junin virus infection associated with mild illnesses that did not fulfill the clinical case definition for AHF, yielding a protective efficacy for prevention of any illness associated with Junin virus infection of 84% (95% CI, 60%-94%). No serious adverse events were attributed to vaccination. Candid 1, the first vaccine for the prevention of illness caused by an arenavirus, is safe and highly efficacious.