RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and to analyze the associated factors in migrant and sugarcane workers. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 110 workers. Common mental disorders were evaluated using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and sociodemographic, occupational, and lifestyle variables were studied. The CAGE questionnaire was used to detect the abuse of alcoholic beverages. RESULTS: The prevalence of common mental disorders affected 40% of the workers and the association showed statistical significance for the positive result of the CAGE test, sickness, absence from work, and medical care during the harvest period. CONCLUSIONS: The suspected cases of problem drinkers and the control mechanisms used by the mill for workers who miss work or become ill are factors that can cause common mental disorders.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Migrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of exposure to pesticides on the central auditory functions (CAF) of Brazilian tobacco growers. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study carried out between 2010 and 2012. Participants were evaluated with two behavioural procedures to investigate CAF, the random gap detection test (RGDT) and the dichotic digit test in Portuguese (DDT). STUDY SAMPLE: A total of 22 growers exposed to pesticides (study group) and 21 subjects who were not exposed to pesticides (control group) were selected. RESULTS: No significant differences between groups were observed for pure-tone thresholds. A significant association between pesticide exposure and the results for RGDT and DDT was found. Significant differences between pesticide-exposed and nonexposed subjects were found for RGDT frequency average and DDT binaural average, when including age and hearing level as covariates. Age was significantly associated with RGDT frequency average, DDT left ear score, DDT binaural average and DDT right ear advantage. Hearing levels were not significantly associated with any of the test scores. The relative risk of failing the DDT and RGDT for the study group was 1.88 (95% CI: 1.10-3.20) and 1.74 (95% CI: 1.06-2.86), respectively, as compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that tobacco growers exposed to pesticides exhibited signs of central auditory dysfunction characterised by decrements in temporal processing and binaural integration processes/abilities.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Auditivas Centrais/induzido quimicamente , Percepção Auditiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Fazendeiros , Audição/efeitos dos fármacos , Nicotiana/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Saúde Ocupacional , Praguicidas/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/fisiopatologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Audiometria de Tons Puros , Doenças Auditivas Centrais/diagnóstico , Doenças Auditivas Centrais/fisiopatologia , Doenças Auditivas Centrais/psicologia , Vias Auditivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Vias Auditivas/fisiopatologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Testes com Listas de Dissílabos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and to analyze the associated factors in migrant and sugarcane workers. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 110 workers. Common mental disorders were evaluated using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and sociodemographic, occupational, and lifestyle variables were studied. The CAGE questionnaire was used to detect the abuse of alcoholic beverages. RESULTS The prevalence of common mental disorders affected 40% of the workers and the association showed statistical significance for the positive result of the CAGE test, sickness, absence from work, and medical care during the harvest period. CONCLUSIONS The suspected cases of problem drinkers and the control mechanisms used by the mill for workers who miss work or become ill are factors that can cause common mental disorders.
RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns e analisar os fatores associados em trabalhadores migrantes e canavieiros. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal realizado com 110 trabalhadores. Os transtornos mentais comuns foram avaliados por meio do Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) e foram estudadas variáveis sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e de estilo de vida. Para detectar o uso abusivo de bebidas alcoólicas, foi utilizado o questionário CAGE. RESULTADOS A prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns afetou 40% dos trabalhadores e a associação mostrou significância estatística para a positividade no teste CAGE, adoecimento, falta ao trabalho e atendimento médico durante o período da safra. CONCLUSÕES A suspeita de casos de bebedores-problemas e os mecanismos de controle utilizados pela usina para os trabalhadores que faltam ou adoecem são fatores que podem causar transtornos mentais comuns.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Migrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Estilo de Vida , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that acute poisoning from exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides in agricultural workers causes adverse health effects. However, neuropsychological and cognitive effects of chronic occupational exposure to OP pesticides remain controversial. OBJECTIVE: To identify, evaluate, and systematize existing evidence regarding chronic exposure to OP pesticides and neuropsychological effects in farmworkers. METHODS: Using the PubMed search engine, a systematic review process was implemented and replicated according to the PRISMA statement. Eligibility criteria included workers over 18 years of age exposed to OP pesticides as well as assessment of neuropsychological and cognitive functioning. Search terms were in English and Spanish languages and included organophosphate and workers. RESULTS: Of the search results, 33 of 1,256 articles meet eligibility criteria. Twenty-four studies found an association between chronic occupational exposure to OP pesticides and low neuropsychological performance in workers. We classified nine of the studies to have study design limitations. Studies indicated occupational exposure to OP pesticides is linked to difficulties in executive functions, psychomotor speed, verbal, memory, attention, processing speed, visual-spatial functioning, and coordination. Nine studies find no relationship between OP pesticides exposure and neuropsychological performance. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, evidence suggests an association between chronic occupational exposure to OP pesticides and neuropsychological effects. However, there is no consensus about the specific cognitive skills affected.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/induzido quimicamente , Síndromes Neurotóxicas/etiologia , Organofosfatos/efeitos adversos , Praguicidas/efeitos adversos , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Cognição/efeitos dos fármacos , Fazendeiros/psicologia , Humanos , Memória/efeitos dos fármacos , Destreza Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Síndromes Neurotóxicas/psicologia , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the impact of stress on sugar cane cutters and the prevalence of physical and psychological symptoms before and after harvest. METHODS: We studied 114 sugarcane cutters and 109 urban workers in the pre-harvest and 102 sugar cane cutters and 81 urban workers in the post-harvest period in the city of Mendonça, SP, Southeastern Brazil, in 2009. Data analysis was based on the frequency and percentage of the assessed symptoms of stress, using the Lipp-ISSL test (Symptoms of Stress for Adults). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Fisher Test was used to compare the variable of stress between pre- and post-harvest within the sugar cane cutter and urban worker groups. P values below 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Stress in sugar cane cutters increased after harvesting (34.2% pre-harvest and 46.1% post-harvest); in urban workers, stress decreased from 44.0% pre-harvest to 42.0% post-harvest. There was prevalence of the phase of resistance to stress for both groups with signs more apparent from the near-exhaustion and exhaustion phases for sugar cane cutters. After harvest, there was a tendency for the number of sugar cane cutters with symptoms of near-exhaustion (6.4%) and exhaustion (10.6%) to increase. After harvest there was a trend for the number of sugar cane cutters with physical symptoms (pre-harvest = 20.5%, post-harvest = 25.5%) and psychological symptoms (pre-harvest = 64.1%; post-harvest = 70.2%) to increase. For both groups, predominantly psychological symptoms occurred in both phases (70.2% versus 64.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The work process of cutting cane can cause stress. Individual factors such as cognitive perception of the experience, self-efficacy beliefs and expectations of the employee regarding their performance can influence the understanding of the reactions in their body in face of the work.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Adulto , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Esgotamento Profissional/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Saúde Ocupacional , População Rural , Saccharum , Inquéritos e Questionários , População Urbana , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of awareness of zoonoses among rural workers and their potential associations with socio-demographic factors. A cross-sectional study was performed by holding personal interviews (N=110, n=94) using a structured questionnaire. The statistical analysis included the χ(2) test, the Student's t test and Pearson and Spearman correlations. The highest level of awareness was found for trichinosis, rabies and scabies. Species transmitting brucellosis, tuberculosis and anthrax were well known, but not their modes of transmission. The least known diseases were toxocariasis and hydatidosis, followed by leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis. Significant associations were found (p<0.001) between the knowledge of transmitting species and the modes of transmission. Senior male owners, married, and living in urban areas showed the highest overall knowledge of zoonoses. Awareness of zoonoses among rural workers is inadequate. Veterinarians in conjunction with risk insurers may play a key role in providing information to people at risk.
Assuntos
Letramento em Saúde , População Rural , Zoonoses/transmissão , Adulto , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Agricultura , Doenças dos Animais/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Animais/microbiologia , Doenças dos Animais/parasitologia , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Animais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Educação em Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Exposição Ocupacional , Especificidade da Espécie , Adulto Jovem , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/microbiologia , Zoonoses/parasitologia , Zoonoses/psicologiaRESUMO
OBJETIVO Analisar os níveis de estresse e a prevalência de sintomas físicos e psíquicos em trabalhadores do corte de cana antes e depois da safra. MÉTODOS Foram estudados 114 cortadores de cana, 109 trabalhadores urbanos na pré-safra, 102 cortadores de cana e 81 trabalhadores urbanos na pós-safra, na cidade de Mendonça, SP, em 2009. A análise dos dados baseou-se na frequência e porcentagem dos avaliados com sintomas de estresse, tendo sido utilizado o Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse para Adultos de Lipp-ISSL. Os dados gerais coletados foram analisados segundo estatística descritiva. Utilizou-se o teste Exato de Fisher para comparar a variável categórica representada pelo estresse pré e pós-safra nos grupos cortadores de cana e trabalhadores urbanos. Foram considerados significativos os valores de p menor que 0,05. RESULTADOS O estresse aumentou nos cortadores de cana após a safra (34,2% na pré-safra e 46,1% na pós-safra); nos trabalhadores urbanos, o estresse diminuiu de 44,0% na pré-safra para 42,0% na pós-safra. Houve predominância da fase de resistência do estresse para ambos os grupos, com sinais mais evidentes da fase de quase-exaustão e de exaustão para os cortadores de cana. Após a safra, houve tendência a aumentar o número de cortadores de cana com sintomas de quase-exaustão (6,4%) e exaustão (10,6%), bem como aumento na proporção de cortadores de cana com sintomas físicos (de 20,5% para 25,5%) e psicológicos (de 64,1% para 70,2%). Para os dois grupos, os sintomas psicológicos foram elevados nas duas fases (70,2% e 64,7%, respectivamente). CONCLUSÕES O processo produtivo de trabalho do cortador de cana pode provocar estresse. Fatores individuais, como a percepção cognitiva da experiência, crenças de autoeficácia e expectativas ...
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the impact of stress on sugar cane cutters and the prevalence of physical and psychological symptoms before and after harvest. METHODS We studied 114 sugarcane cutters and 109 urban workers in the pre-harvest and 102 sugar cane cutters and 81 urban workers in the post-harvest period in the city of Mendonça, SP, Southeastern Brazil, in 2009. Data analysis was based on the frequency and percentage of the assessed symptoms of stress, using the Lipp-ISSL test (Symptoms of Stress for Adults). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Fisher Test was used to compare the variable of stress between pre- and post-harvest within the sugar cane cutter and urban worker groups. P values below 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS Stress in sugar cane cutters increased after harvesting (34.2% pre-harvest and 46.1% post-harvest); in urban workers, stress decreased from 44.0% pre-harvest to 42.0% post-harvest. There was prevalence of the phase of resistance to stress for both groups with signs more apparent from the near-exhaustion and exhaustion phases for sugar cane cutters. After harvest, there was a tendency for the number of sugar cane cutters with symptoms of near-exhaustion (6.4%) and exhaustion (10.6%) to increase. After harvest there was a trend for the number of sugar cane cutters with physical symptoms (pre-harvest = 20.5%, post-harvest = 25.5%) and psychological symptoms (pre-harvest = 64.1%; post-harvest = 70.2%) to increase. For both groups, predominantly psychological symptoms occurred in both phases (70.2% versus 64.7%). CONCLUSIONS The work process of cutting cane can cause stress. Individual factors such as cognitive perception of the experience, self-efficacy beliefs and expectations of the employee regarding their performance can influence the understanding of the reactions in their body in face of the work. .
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Esgotamento Profissional/diagnóstico , Saúde Ocupacional , Inquéritos e Questionários , População Rural , Saccharum , População UrbanaRESUMO
El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el grado de conocimiento que tienen los trabajadores rurales sobre las zoonosis a las que se encuentran expuestos en su trabajo y su asociación con factores socio-demográficos. Se efectuó un estudio observacional transversal basado en la realización de encuestas (N = 110, n = 94), utilizando un cuestionario estructurado. El análisis incluyó c², t de Student y correlación de Pearson y de Spearman. Las zoonosis más conocidas fueron la triquinosis, la rabia y la sarna. En el caso de la brucelosis, la tuberculosis y el carbunco, fueron muy conocidas las especies que las transmiten, pero no así las formas de transmisión. Las enfermedades menos conocidas en ambos sentidos fueron la toxocariasis y la hidatidosis, seguidas por la leptospirosis y la toxoplasmosis. Para todas las zoonosis estudiadas se encontró correlación significativa (p < 0,001) entre el conocimiento de las especies transmisoras y de las vías de transmisión. Aquellos encuestados de sexo masculino, propietarios y residentes de zonas urbanas, casados y de mayor edad y antigüedad fueron quienes presentaron más conocimientos sobre las zoonosis, en general. El conocimiento que tienen los trabajadores rurales acerca de las zoonosis es insuficiente. Sería importante que los veterinarios, en conjunto con las aseguradoras de riesgos del trabajo, difundan la información adecuada entre las personas en riesgo que desarrollan sus tareas en este ámbito.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of awareness of zoonoses among rural workers and their potential associations with socio-demographic factors. A cross-sectional study was performed by holding personal interviews (N = 110, n = 94) using a structured questionnaire. The statistical analysis included the c² test, the Student's t test and Pearson and Spearman correlations. The highest level of awareness was found for trichinosis, rabies and scabies. Species transmitting brucellosis, tuberculosis and anthrax were well known, but not their modes of transmission. The least known diseases were toxocariasis and hydatidosis, followed by leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis. Significant associations were found (p < 0.001) between the knowledge of transmitting species and the modes of transmission. Senior male owners, married, and living in urban areas showed the highest overall knowledge of zoonoses. Awareness of zoonoses among rural workers is inadequate. Veterinarians in conjunction with risk insurers may play a key role in providing information to people at risk.
Assuntos
Adulto , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Letramento em Saúde , População Rural , Zoonoses/transmissão , Agricultura , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Doenças dos Animais/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Animais/microbiologia , Doenças dos Animais/parasitologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Educação em Saúde , Exposição Ocupacional , Especificidade da Espécie , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/microbiologia , Zoonoses/parasitologia , Zoonoses/psicologiaRESUMO
El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el grado de conocimiento que tienen los trabajadores rurales sobre las zoonosis a las que se encuentran expuestos en su trabajo y su asociación con factores socio-demográficos. Se efectuó un estudio observacional transversal basado en la realización de encuestas (N = 110, n = 94), utilizando un cuestionario estructurado. El análisis incluyó c², t de Student y correlación de Pearson y de Spearman. Las zoonosis más conocidas fueron la triquinosis, la rabia y la sarna. En el caso de la brucelosis, la tuberculosis y el carbunco, fueron muy conocidas las especies que las transmiten, pero no así las formas de transmisión. Las enfermedades menos conocidas en ambos sentidos fueron la toxocariasis y la hidatidosis, seguidas por la leptospirosis y la toxoplasmosis. Para todas las zoonosis estudiadas se encontró correlación significativa (p < 0,001) entre el conocimiento de las especies transmisoras y de las vías de transmisión. Aquellos encuestados de sexo masculino, propietarios y residentes de zonas urbanas, casados y de mayor edad y antig³edad fueron quienes presentaron más conocimientos sobre las zoonosis, en general. El conocimiento que tienen los trabajadores rurales acerca de las zoonosis es insuficiente. Sería importante que los veterinarios, en conjunto con las aseguradoras de riesgos del trabajo, difundan la información adecuada entre las personas en riesgo que desarrollan sus tareas en este ámbito.(AU)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of awareness of zoonoses among rural workers and their potential associations with socio-demographic factors. A cross-sectional study was performed by holding personal interviews (N = 110, n = 94) using a structured questionnaire. The statistical analysis included the c² test, the Students t test and Pearson and Spearman correlations. The highest level of awareness was found for trichinosis, rabies and scabies. Species transmitting brucellosis, tuberculosis and anthrax were well known, but not their modes of transmission. The least known diseases were toxocariasis and hydatidosis, followed by leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis. Significant associations were found (p < 0.001) between the knowledge of transmitting species and the modes of transmission. Senior male owners, married, and living in urban areas showed the highest overall knowledge of zoonoses. Awareness of zoonoses among rural workers is inadequate. Veterinarians in conjunction with risk insurers may play a key role in providing information to people at risk.(AU)
Assuntos
Adulto , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Letramento em Saúde , População Rural , Zoonoses/transmissão , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Agricultura , Doenças dos Animais/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Animais/microbiologia , Doenças dos Animais/parasitologia , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Argentina/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Educação em Saúde , Exposição Ocupacional , Especificidade da Espécie , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/microbiologia , Zoonoses/parasitologia , Zoonoses/psicologiaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of awareness of zoonoses among rural workers and their potential associations with socio-demographic factors. A cross-sectional study was performed by holding personal interviews (N=110, n=94) using a structured questionnaire. The statistical analysis included the ¤ç(2) test, the Students t test and Pearson and Spearman correlations. The highest level of awareness was found for trichinosis, rabies and scabies. Species transmitting brucellosis, tuberculosis and anthrax were well known, but not their modes of transmission. The least known diseases were toxocariasis and hydatidosis, followed by leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis. Significant associations were found (p<0.001) between the knowledge of transmitting species and the modes of transmission. Senior male owners, married, and living in urban areas showed the highest overall knowledge of zoonoses. Awareness of zoonoses among rural workers is inadequate. Veterinarians in conjunction with risk insurers may play a key role in providing information to people at risk.
Assuntos
Letramento em Saúde , População Rural , Zoonoses/transmissão , Adulto , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Agricultura , Doenças dos Animais/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Animais/microbiologia , Doenças dos Animais/parasitologia , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Animais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Educação em Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Exposição Ocupacional , Especificidade da Espécie , Adulto Jovem , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/microbiologia , Zoonoses/parasitologia , Zoonoses/psicologiaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de cortadores de cana-de-açúcar. MÉTODOS: Estudo longitudinal em uma usina sucroalcooleira no Oeste do estado de São Paulo de abril (final da entressafra) a outubro (final da safra) de 2010. Foram avaliados 44 cortadores de cana-de-açúcar tabagistas e não tabagistas em três períodos: ao final da entressafra, no fim do terceiro mês de safra e no final da safra. A qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde foi avaliada pelo questionário Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Foram realizados análise de variância para medidas repetidas e teste de Friedman para comparar a qualidade de vida entre os períodos. Utilizou-se o teste de Goodman para identificar a frequência dos trabalhadores cujo escore aumentou nos períodos de safra em comparação com a entressafra (respondedores positivos), considerando-se as variáveis qualitativas dos domínios do SF-36. RESULTADOS: Ao final da entressafra, 23% dos trabalhadores desistiram do trabalho; 27% eram tabagistas. Houve decréscimo significativo no domínio vitalidade no final da safra em comparação com a entressafra. Os desistentes apresentaram maior escore no domínio aspecto social em relação ao grupo que permaneceu no trabalho. Não houve diferença na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde entre tabagistas e não tabagistas. No entanto, observou-se maior percentual de respondedores positivos entre não tabagistas nos domínios aspecto físico, social e emocional nos três meses de safra e nos domínios estado geral de saúde e aspecto social nos seis meses de safra, quando comparados aos tabagistas. CONCLUSÕES: A qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em cortadores de cana-de-açúcar mostrou-se diminuída após o período de safra no domínio vitalidade. Os trabalhadores que permaneceram na safra são os que apresentaram piores aspectos sociais, o que mostra a necessidade de promoção de políticas assistencialistas de saúde a essa população específica, principalmente durante a safra canavieira.
OBJECTIVE: To assess health-related quality of life in sugarcane cutters. METHODS: Longitudinal study conducted in a sugar and ethanol plant located in the western region of the State of São Paulo (Southeastern Brazil) from April (pre-harvest) to October (harvest) 2010. A total of 44 sugarcane cutters, smokers and non-smokers, was evaluated in three periods: pre-harvest, at the end of the third month during harvest and at the end of harvest. Health-related quality of life was assessed by the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Analysis of variance for repeated measures and the Friedman test were performed to compare quality of life among the periods. To identify the frequency of workers whose score increased in the harvest periods compared to pre-harvest (positive responders), the Goodman test was used, considering the qualitative variables of the SF-36 domains. RESULTS: At the end of pre-harvest, 23% workers drop out of work; 27% were smokers. There was a significant decrease in the vitality domain at the end of harvest compared to pre-harvest. The dropouts presented higher score in the social aspect domain compared to the group that remained working. There was no difference in health-related quality of life between smokers and non-smokers. However, there was a higher percentage of positive responders among non-smokers in the physical, social and emotional domains in the third month of harvest and in the general health status and social domains at the end of harvest, compared to smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Health-related quality of life in sugarcane cutters was reduced after the harvest period in the vitality domain. The individuals who remained working during harvest are those with lower scores for social aspects, which demonstrates the need to promote health assistance policies for this specific population, particularly during sugar harvest.
OBJETIVO: Evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de cortadores de caña de azúcar. MÉTODOS: Estudio longitudinal en una fábrica de alcohol y subproductos de la caña de azúcar en el Oeste del Estado de Sao Paulo de abril (final de la entre-cosecha) a octubre (final de la cosecha) de 2010. Se evaluaron 44 cortadores de caña de azúcar tabaquistas y no tabaquistas en tres períodos: al final de la entre-cosecha, al final del tercer mes de la cosecha y al final de la cosecha. La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud fue evaluada por el cuestionario Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Se realizaron análisis de varianza para medidas repetidas y prueba de Friedman para comparar la calidad de vida entre los períodos. Se utilizó la prueba de Goodman para identificar la frecuencia de los trabajadores cuyo escore aumentó en los períodos de cosecha en comparación con la entre-cosecha (respondedores positivos), considerándose las variables cualitativas de los dominios del SF-36. RESULTADOS: Al final de la entre-cosecha, 23% de los trabajadores desistieron del trabajo; 27% eran tabaquistas. Hubo disminución significativa en el dominio vitalidad en el final de la cosecha en comparación con la entre-cosecha. Los disidentes presentaron mayor escore en el dominio aspecto social con relación al grupo que permaneció en el trabajo. No hubo diferencia en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud entre tabaquistas y no tabaquistas. Sin embargo, se observó mayor porcentaje de respondedores positivos entre no tabaquistas en los dominios aspecto físico, social y emocional en los tres meses de cosecha y en los dominios estado general de salud y aspecto social en los seis meses de cosecha, al compararlos con los tabaquistas. CONCLUSIONES: La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en cortadores de caña de azúcar se mostró disminuida posterior al período de cosecha en el dominio vitalidad. Los trabajadores que permanecieron en la cosecha presentaron peores aspectos sociales, mostrando la necesidad de promoción de políticas asistencialistas de salud a dicha población específica, principalmente durante la cosecha de caña.
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Nível de Saúde , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Saccharum , Fumar/psicologia , Agricultura , Brasil , Indústria de Processamento de Alimentos , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Estudos Longitudinais , Saúde da População Rural , Comportamento SocialRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess health-related quality of life in sugarcane cutters. METHODS: Longitudinal study conducted in a sugar and ethanol plant located in the western region of the State of São Paulo (Southeastern Brazil) from April (pre-harvest) to October (harvest) 2010. A total of 44 sugarcane cutters, smokers and non-smokers, was evaluated in three periods: pre-harvest, at the end of the third month during harvest and at the end of harvest. Health-related quality of life was assessed by the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Analysis of variance for repeated measures and the Friedman test were performed to compare quality of life among the periods. To identify the frequency of workers whose score increased in the harvest periods compared to pre-harvest (positive responders), the Goodman test was used, considering the qualitative variables of the SF-36 domains. RESULTS: At the end of pre-harvest, 23% workers drop out of work; 27% were smokers. There was a significant decrease in the vitality domain at the end of harvest compared to pre-harvest. The dropouts presented higher score in the social aspect domain compared to the group that remained working. There was no difference in health-related quality of life between smokers and non-smokers. However, there was a higher percentage of positive responders among non-smokers in the physical, social and emotional domains in the third month of harvest and in the general health status and social domains at the end of harvest, compared to smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Health-related quality of life in sugarcane cutters was reduced after the harvest period in the vitality domain. The individuals who remained working during harvest are those with lower scores for social aspects, which demonstrates the need to promote health assistance policies for this specific population, particularly during sugar harvest.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Nível de Saúde , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Saccharum , Fumar/psicologia , Adulto , Agricultura , Brasil , Indústria de Processamento de Alimentos , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Saúde da População Rural , Comportamento SocialRESUMO
UNLABELLED: The various kinds of work may interfere in the laborer's quality of sleep. Among the factors, the unemployment caused by the period between the coffee harvests on the agriculture of South Minas may influence the appearance of anxiety and depression symptoms, and it may cause impairments to the quality of life and changes in the rural laborers' pattern of sleep. OBJECTIVE: To appraise the sleep and the effects on the quality of life in the rural laborers in the period between the coffee harvests. METHOD: In the study-group, 40 patients, rural laborers, were evaluated, and in the control-group, 40 patients, fixed laborers. Instruments used: clinical interview, The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality, Index Beck Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life. RESULTS: The study-group showed impairment in the quality of the sleep; anxiety and depression signals and symptoms were high in both groups; being them higher in the harvesters laborers; the quality of life presented good levels in both groups, with losses in the domain "social relationship" between the harvesters; the sleep disturbances influenced the appearance of anxiety and depression signs and symptoms, but they did not interfere in the perception of the quality of life. CONCLUSION: The rural laborers that have fixed labors are less exposed to the symptoms of anxiety and depression - along with sleep disorders - than the harvesters laborers. Thus, the study-group's perception of the quality of life is better than the control-group's.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Ansiedade/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/psicologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/diagnóstico , Ansiedade/diagnóstico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Depressão/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , População Rural , Fatores Sexuais , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/diagnósticoRESUMO
The various kinds of work may interfere in the laborer's quality of sleep. Among the factors, the unemployment caused by the period between the coffee harvests on the agriculture of South Minas may influence the appearance of anxiety and depression symptoms, and it may cause impairments to the quality of life and changes in the rural laborers' pattern of sleep. OBJECTIVE: To appraise the sleep and the effects on the quality of life in the rural laborers in the period between the coffee harvests. METHOD: In the study-group, 40 patients, rural laborers, were evaluated, and in the control-group, 40 patients, fixed laborers. Instruments used: clinical interview, The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality, Index Beck Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life. RESULTS: The study-group showed impairment in the quality of the sleep; anxiety and depression signals and symptoms were high in both groups; being them higher in the harvesters laborers; the quality of life presented good levels in both groups, with losses in the domain "social relationship" between the harvesters; the sleep disturbances influenced the appearance of anxiety and depression signs and symptoms, but they did not interfere in the perception of the quality of life. CONCLUSION: The rural laborers that have fixed labors are less exposed to the symptoms of anxiety and depression - along with sleep disorders - than the harvesters laborers. Thus, the study-group's perception of the quality of life is better than the control-group's.
As diversas formas de trabalho podem interferir na qualidade do sono do trabalhador. Entre os fatores, o desemprego ocasionado pela entressafra da cultura cafeeira nas lavouras sul mineiras pode influenciar no surgimento de sintomas de ansiedade e de depressão e causar prejuízos na qualidade de vida e alterações no padrão do sono dos trabalhadores rurais. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o sono e as repercussões na qualidade de vida em trabalhadores rurais na entressafra cafeeira. MÉTODO: No grupo-estudo foram avaliados 40 pacientes trabalhadores rurais e no grupo-controle 40 pacientes trabalhadores fixos. Instrumentos utilizados: entrevista clínica, The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck anxiety Inventory, Hamilton depression rating Scale e World Health Organization Quality of Life. RESULTADOS: O grupo-estudo apresentou prejuízo na qualidade do sono; sinais e sintomas de ansiedade e depressão foram elevados nos dois grupos, sendo maior nos trabalhadores safristas; a qualidade de vida apresentou bons níveis nos dois grupos, havendo perdas no domínio "relações sociais" entre os safristas; os distúrbios do sono influenciaram no surgimento de sinais e sintomas de ansiedade e depressão, mas não interferiram na percepção da qualidade de vida. CONCLUSÃO: Trabalhadores rurais detentores de trabalho fixo estão menos expostos aos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão - acompanhados de distúrbios do sono - que os trabalhadores safristas. Assim, a percepção da qualidade de vida do grupo-estudo é melhor que a do grupo-controle.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Ansiedade/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/psicologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/diagnóstico , Ansiedade/diagnóstico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Depressão/diagnóstico , População Rural , Fatores Sexuais , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/diagnósticoRESUMO
This article examines nerves among participants in the Canada/Mexico Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program (C/MSAWP). Based on in-depth interviews with 30 Mexican farm workers in southwestern Ontario, we demonstrate that nerves embodies the distress of economic need, relative powerlessness, and the contradictions inherent in the C/MSAWP that result in various life's lesions. We also explore their use of the nerves idiom as an embodied metaphor for their awareness of the breakdown in self/society relations and, in certain cases, of the lack of control over even themselves. This article contributes to that body of literature that locates nerves at the "normal" end of the "normal/abnormal" continuum of popular illness categories because, despite the similarities in symptoms of nerves among Mexican farm workers and those of anxiety and/or mood disorders, medicalization has not occurred. If nerves has not been medicalized among Mexican farm workers, neither has it given rise to resistance to their relative powerlessness as migrant farm workers. Nonetheless, nerves does serve as an effective vehicle for expressing their distress within the context of the C/MSAWP.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/etnologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/etnologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Migrantes/psicologia , Adulto , Agricultura , Canadá/epidemiologia , Características Culturais , Emoções , Feminino , Humanos , Controle Interno-Externo , Entrevistas como Assunto , Idioma , Masculino , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ontário/epidemiologia , Poder Psicológico , Estações do Ano , Meio Social , Local de Trabalho/psicologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The purpose of this exploratory descriptive study was to examine a process model of the nervios experience of 30 Mexican seasonal farm workers. Focused interviews were conducted in Spanish to determine the workers' perspectives on their experiences of nervios while residing in rural, southwest Ontario. Data for analysis originated from variables created to represent key themes that had emerged from open coding of the interviews. Simultaneous entry, multiple regression analyses revealed that provocation, control salience, and cognitive sensory motor distress directly explained 67.2% of the variation in worker expressions of negative affectivity. The combination fear, feeling trapped, and giving in mediated the relationship of provocation, control salience and cognitive sensory motor distress to expressions of negative affectivity (R(2) = 88.1%). Control salience and its dampening effect on other elements of the nervios experience, however, appeared to be key to whether subjects experienced negative reactions to being provoked or distressed. This evidence points to nervios being a powerful, holistic idiom of distress with at least six variables contributing to its affective negativity. This information is important to our understanding of how nervios unfolds and for accurate specification of a nervios model for clinical practice and research. It also sets the stage for improved therapeutic alliances with nervios sufferers, and social action to reduce factors that provoke nervios.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Emoções , Transtornos Mentais/etnologia , Migrantes , Adulto , Características Culturais , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , México/etnologia , Ontário , Análise de RegressãoRESUMO
The purposes of the present study were threefold: (a) to assess the prevalence levels of anxiety and depression in a sample of Mexican migrant farm workers in the midwestern United States; (b) to explore the relationships among acculturative stress, anxiety, and depression; and (c) to examine the variables that best predict anxiety and depression. The overall sample revealed elevated levels of anxiety and depression. Migrant farm workers with heightened levels of acculturative stress were more likely to report high levels of anxiety and depression. Family dysfunction, ineffective social support, low self-esteem, lack of agreement with the decision to migrate, high education levels, high levels of acculturative stress, and high levels of anxiety were significantly associated with high depression levels. The overall findings suggest that migrant farm workers who experience elevated levels of acculturative stress may be at risk for experiencing high levels of anxiety and depression. The findings highlight the importance of establishing prevention and treatment services for migrant farm workers that aim to increase levels of emotional support, self-esteem, and coping skills.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Migrantes/psicologia , Aculturação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Meio-Oeste dos Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Análise Multivariada , Prevalência , Análise de Regressão , Fatores de Risco , Autoimagem , Apoio Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologiaRESUMO
This paper describes the explanatory model of green tobacco sickness (GTS) held by migrant and seasonal farmworkers in North Carolina and compares it with a research-based biobehavioral model. GTS is a form of acute nicotine poisoning that affects individuals who work in wet tobacco fields. It is characterized by nausea, vomiting, headache, and dizziness. There are no standard diagnostic criteria for GTS; clinicians must diagnose it based on a combination of symptoms and exposure risk. GTS resembles pesticide poisoning, but treatment is quite different. Many farmworkers in tobacco today are Spanish-speaking immigrants from Mexico with limited experience in tobacco work. In-depth interviews about GTS were conducted with 23 Hispanic farmworkers in central North Carolina to explore their understanding of the problem. Workers generally attributed the symptoms to other aspects of working in tobacco, such as pesticides or heat, rather than nicotine. They cited many of the same risk factors identified in the biobehavioral model, such as wet work conditions and inexperience with tobacco work. Prevention and treatment include a combination of exposure avoidance and common medications. The symptoms of most importance to farmworkers were insomnia and anorexia, both of which impaired the ability to work. This jeopardized their income, as well as their work security. If health care providers understand the explanatory model held by farmworkers, they will be more effective at diagnosing and treating GTS and be better prepared to teach patients how to prevent future episodes.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Atitude Frente a Saúde/etnologia , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Nicotiana/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , North Carolina/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , MigrantesRESUMO
The risk perceptions and self-protective behavior of 282 immigrant farm workers (all of Mexican origin) in response to pesticide exposure were examined. Several variables were predicted to influence reactions, but some deviations from past studies were expected because cultural or socioeconomic factors could modify risk responses. In keeping with predictions, greater risk perceptions were associated with beliefs that past harm had occurred, future harm to self or offspring was likely, precautions were less effective, and cancer-causing agents were mostly unavoidable. Self-protective behavior was most likely for those receiving risk information, having greater perceptions of control over health and the occupational situation, and believing that precautionary methods were effective. The discussion considers variability in responses to chronic risk and the broader perspective offered by environmental hazard studies.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/induzido quimicamente , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Praguicidas/efeitos adversos , Migrantes/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , California , Medo , Educação em Saúde , Humanos , Individualidade , Controle Interno-Externo , Masculino , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
A survey of alcohol use among 217 Black and Haitian migrant agricultural workers was conducted in 13 camps in three counties of upstate New York. The orienting hypothesis stated that older, unattached men account for much of the drinking on migrant camps and that older, unattached men have experienced a variety of personal troubles as a result of their drinking. The results of the survey were found to support the initial hypothesis. In camps composed primarily of family groups, social control mechanisms were found to be more highly developed than in camps composed primarily of unattached, isolated men. It was also found that this difference in degree of social control was reflected in differences of drinking behavior. It is suggested that the mechanization of agriculture has become a self-reinforcing process that results in a proportional increase in the use of the homeless and troubled as a source of low-cost agricultural labor.