RESUMO
Los procesos inmunitarios son utilizados por el organismo para defenderse de la agresión de agentes infecciosos; no obstante, en ciertos casos, el organismo reacciona de forma inapropiada o excesiva ocasionando diversos tipos de daño tisular. Estas situaciones, que conocemos como hipersensibilidad, pueden tener aspectos positivos o negativos al poder causar ellos mismos la enfermedad. Se presenta el caso de una niña de 14 años de edad, que acude al Hospital Pediátrico Docente William Soler después de varios ingresos en otros centros de salud, donde se planteó el diagnóstico de un pie de madura. Después de varias investigaciones y con el antecedente de alergia a diferentes medicamentos, los cuadros de amigdalitis a repetición, los datos del laboratorio y la clínica que presentaba la paciente, se estableció el diagnóstico de una vasculitis por reacción de hipersensibilidad tipo III. Por las características tan atípicas del cuadro clínico de esta paciente y la dificultad para llegar a un diagnóstico es importante la presentación de este caso(AU)
The immune processes are used by the body to defend against the aggression of infectious agents; however, in certain cases, the body reacts inappropriately or excessively causing various types of tissue damage. These situations, which we know as hypersensitivity, can have positive or negative aspects by being able to cause the disease themselves. We present the case of a 14-year-old girl who attended the William Soler Pediatric Teaching Hospital after several admissions to other health centers, where the diagnosis of a mature foot was raised. After several investigations and with the history of allergy to different drugs, the recurrent tonsillitis symptoms, the laboratory data and the clinic presented by the patient, the diagnosis of a vasculitis due to type III hypersensitivity reaction was established. Because of the atypical characteristics of this patient's clinical picture and the difficulty in reaching a diagnosis, the presentation of this case is important(AU)
Assuntos
Feminino , Adolescente , Vasculite/etiologia , Doenças do Complexo Imune/diagnósticoRESUMO
Schistosomiasis or bilharzia is a parasitic disease found in tropical countries. Most infections are subclinical but may progress to chronic form characterized most frequently by the presence of liver involvement and portal hypertension. We report a patient that presented chronic polyarthritis with positive rheumatoid factor. During investigation, increased liver enzymes, negative hepatitis serologies and signs of portal hypertension on an ultrasound examination raised suspicion of S. mansoni infection. We will discuss pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of S. mansoni infection with special attention to articular involvement.
Assuntos
Artrite/imunologia , Doenças do Complexo Imune/imunologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/imunologia , Adulto , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Artrite/sangue , Artrite/diagnóstico , Artrite/parasitologia , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Articulação da Mão/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Hipertensão Portal/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipertensão Portal/imunologia , Hipertensão Portal/parasitologia , Doenças do Complexo Imune/sangue , Doenças do Complexo Imune/diagnóstico , Doenças do Complexo Imune/parasitologia , Praziquantel/uso terapêutico , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Radiografia , Fator Reumatoide/sangue , Esquistossomose mansoni/sangue , Esquistossomose mansoni/diagnóstico , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/parasitologia , Esquistossomicidas/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
O teste do Fator Antinúcleo (FAN) é um importante teste para triagem de doenças autoimunes, porém outras condições clínicas alteram esse exame. Ademais, poucos clínicos e generalistas sabem avaliar o seu resultado e, em consequência disso, revisamos como o teste deve ser usado na prática clínica.
The Test for Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) is a very important factor in the evaluation of autoimmune diseases, however the test can be positive in other conditions in clinical practice, furthermore few generalists and physicians know how to use the results of the test, thereby we reviewed how to correctly use the test in everyday clinical practice.
Assuntos
Reumatologia , Imunofluorescência , Doenças do Complexo Imune/diagnósticoRESUMO
A 32 year old man was admitted for dyspnea, hemoptysis, macroscopic hematuria, hypertension (140/100), peripheral edema and hemodynamic decompensation. Lung Xrays revealed pulmonary edema and a cavity in the left apex. Laboratory determinations revealed an altered renal function with increased creatinine and urea levels and nephrotic syndrome. There was leucocyturia, hematuria and cylindruria. The sputum showed a large number of acid-fast bacilli. The patient began anti-tuberculosis treatment with three drugs (isoniacid, rifampicin, pirazinamide). On ultrasonography, both kidneys revealed ecogenic lesions with size, shape and cortico-medular relationship preserved. The patient persisted with altered renal function, steady levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine and potassium, preserved diuresis and hypertension. Bidimensional echocardiogram: LVDD 55 mm, hypoquinetic septum, pericardic effusion, thickened pericardium, pleural effusion, shortening fraction decreased. He received treatment for this congestive cardiac failure and hypertension with enalapril, nifedipine and fursemide. A percutaneous renal biopsy was performed with anatomopathologic diagnosis of diffuse encocapillar proliferative glomerulonephritis with crescents (15%) and total glomerular sclerosis (33%). Immunofluorescence: positive, immune-complexes with IgM and C3. The patient gradually recovered his normal renal function, improved his pleural effusions and normalized his cardiac function. He was discharged in good clinical condition on the 69th day of anti-tuberculosis treatment. An association between pulmonary tuberculosis and glomerulonephritis is discussed. It is proposed that renal lesions might be the consequence of the tuberculosis due to the sedimentation of circulating immune-complexes.
Assuntos
Glomerulonefrite Membranoproliferativa/complicações , Doenças do Complexo Imune/complicações , Tuberculose Pulmonar/complicações , Adulto , Glomerulonefrite Membranoproliferativa/diagnóstico , Humanos , Doenças do Complexo Imune/diagnóstico , Masculino , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnósticoRESUMO
Se presenta el caso de un varón de 32 años que ingresó por dispnea de esfuerzo, hemoptisis, hematuria macroscópica, hipertensión, edemas perifáricos y descompensación hemodinámica con radiología compatible con edema de pulmón y cavidad en vértice izquierdo. Los exámines de laboratorio mostraron función renal alterada con cifras elevadas de urea y creatinina y síndrome nefrótico. Se encontró leucocituria, hematuria y cilindruria intensas. Se hizo diagnóstico de tuberculosis pulmonar por baciloscopía positiva comenzando tratamiento tuberculostático. El paciente persistió con su función renal gravada con cifras estables de uremia, creatininemia y potasemia con ritmo diurético conservado e hipertenso. Se efectuó punción-biopsia renal con diagnóstico anatomopatológico de glomerulonefritis proliferativa difusa endocapilar con formación de semilunas (15 por ciento) y esclerosis glomerular total (33 por ciento). Por inmunofluorescencia se detectaron depósitos difusos de inmunocomplejos granulares localizados en mesangio, con positividad IgM ++ C3 +. El paciente se recuperó gradualmente hacia una función renal normal, disminuyó sus derrames pleurales y normalizó su función cardíaca con el tratamiento tuberculostático. Se comenta la asociación entre glomerulonefritis y tuberculosis pulmonar a la luz de la bibliografía disponible y se sugiere una relación causal entre ambas entidades
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças do Complexo Imune/complicações , Glomerulonefrite Membranoproliferativa/complicações , Tuberculose Pulmonar/complicações , Doenças do Complexo Imune/diagnóstico , Glomerulonefrite Membranoproliferativa/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnósticoRESUMO
Se presenta el caso de un varón de 32 años que ingresó por dispnea de esfuerzo, hemoptisis, hematuria macroscópica, hipertensión, edemas perifáricos y descompensación hemodinámica con radiología compatible con edema de pulmón y cavidad en vértice izquierdo. Los exámines de laboratorio mostraron función renal alterada con cifras elevadas de urea y creatinina y síndrome nefrótico. Se encontró leucocituria, hematuria y cilindruria intensas. Se hizo diagnóstico de tuberculosis pulmonar por baciloscopía positiva comenzando tratamiento tuberculostático. El paciente persistió con su función renal gravada con cifras estables de uremia, creatininemia y potasemia con ritmo diurético conservado e hipertenso. Se efectuó punción-biopsia renal con diagnóstico anatomopatológico de glomerulonefritis proliferativa difusa endocapilar con formación de semilunas (15 por ciento) y esclerosis glomerular total (33 por ciento). Por inmunofluorescencia se detectaron depósitos difusos de inmunocomplejos granulares localizados en mesangio, con positividad IgM ++ C3 +. El paciente se recuperó gradualmente hacia una función renal normal, disminuyó sus derrames pleurales y normalizó su función cardíaca con el tratamiento tuberculostático. Se comenta la asociación entre glomerulonefritis y tuberculosis pulmonar a la luz de la bibliografía disponible y se sugiere una relación causal entre ambas entidades (AU)
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Glomerulonefrite Membranoproliferativa/complicações , Doenças do Complexo Imune/complicações , Tuberculose Pulmonar/complicações , Glomerulonefrite Membranoproliferativa/diagnóstico , Doenças do Complexo Imune/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnósticoRESUMO
Two female children whose clinical presentations and renal light-microscopic findings were consistent with Goodpasture syndrome are described. Immunopathologic studies demonstrated granular deposition of immunoglobulins and complement, suggesting that the renal disease was mediated by circulating immune complexes and not by anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody. Anti-GBM antibody was absent in both patients. These patients represent the first report in children of idiopathic nephritis due to immune complexes with associated pulmonary hemorrhage. The findings raise some doubt as to the accuracy of previous reports of Goodpasture syndrome in children, and also demonstrate the diagnostic and therapeutic importance of evaluation the renal immunopathology in the child with nephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage.