RESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis functionality on a bodybuilding competitioner before, during and after the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids. A young healthy man was followed up for 4 months. The subject reported his drug administration protocol through periodic interviews and performed laboratory tests to monitor the function of his hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Time 1 (before the steroids use) shows all hormones levels (follicle-stimulating hormone = 4,2 mUI/ml, luteinising hormone = 3,7 mUI/ml and total testosterone = 5,7 ng/ml) within reference values. In Time 2, after 8 weeks on steroids abuse, a complete hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis derangement is evident with noticeable negative feedback (follicle-stimulating hormone = 1,47 mUI/ml, luteinising hormone = 0,1 mUI/ml and total testosterone = 1,47 ng/ml). At the third moment (40 days after Time 2), we can see a tendency to recovery, however, the serum levels of the investigated hormones were still considerably lower than the baseline values. At the end, we could conclude that the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids, at supraphysiological dosages, even for a short time (8 weeks), causes severe disorder in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The endogenous testosterone synthesis was severely compromised by important decline in serum luteinising hormone levels.
Assuntos
Anabolizantes/efeitos adversos , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/sangue , Hormônio Luteinizante/sangue , Congêneres da Testosterona/efeitos adversos , Testosterona/sangue , Anabolizantes/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças da Hipófise/sangue , Doenças da Hipófise/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Testiculares/sangue , Doenças Testiculares/induzido quimicamente , Congêneres da Testosterona/administração & dosagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare the pulsatile release of LH, the tone of endogenous opioids and the mass of LH secreted after a naloxone infusion in healthy subjects and patients with normogonadotropic oligospermia (NO) in a model of progressive testicular damage. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Pulsatile secretion of LH was analyzed in a period of 8 hours in a group of healthy subjects (group 3, n=5), in patients with NO and FSH/LH ratio <1.6 (group 1, n=5) and in patients with NO and FSH/LH ratio >1.6 (group 2, n=5). The area under the curve of LH response after naloxone infusion was also calculated. RESULTS: Free serum testosterone concentration was lower (p < 0.01) and estradiol concentration higher in patients with NO than control subjects (1 vs. 3: p = 0.01; 2 vs. 3: p = 0.001). Frequency of pulses in group 1 was 3.33 +/- 0.57/8 h, in group 2: 4 +/- 1/8 h; and in group 3: 2.66 - 0.57/8 h (2 vs. 3 p < 0.01; 2 vs. 1 p = 0.05). The area under the curve after naloxone infusion was 19,300.44 +/- 11,403.31 in group 1, 5696.09 +/- 1753.44 in group 2; and 3080.97 +/- 1159.78 in group 3 (1 vs. 3 Anova p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate that patients with NO have a subclinical pantesticular failure and that the opioid tone is increased at the initial phase of testicular dysfunction, but it decreases at more advanced stages of testicular damage.
Assuntos
Hormônio Luteinizante/efeitos dos fármacos , Hormônio Luteinizante/metabolismo , Naloxona/farmacologia , Oligospermia/fisiopatologia , Doenças Testiculares/fisiopatologia , Estradiol/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Oligospermia/sangue , Peptídeos Opioides/sangue , Doenças Testiculares/sangue , Testosterona/sangueRESUMO
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for pathological conditions of the reproductive organs in stray dogs under tropical conditions. Three hundred and eighteen dogs were examined post-mortem in the period from 1 July 2002 to 30 June 2003. Before killing, a blood sample (from the cephalic vein) for testosterone assay was taken. Pathological conditions of the reproductive organs were found in 135 of the dogs (42.5%) and in 175 of the testes (64.8%). The most frequent pathologies found were testicular degeneration, cryptorchidism, testicular hypoplasia and testicular tumours (in 15.1%, 6.6%, 6.6% and 5.4% of the dogs and 15.1, 4.6, 6.0 and 3.5 of the testes, respectively). Transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) was seen in 5.4% of the dogs. Testicular degeneration was more common in old dogs and underweight dogs (p < 0.05). Testicular tumours were 14.3 times more common in cryptorchid dogs. Age was another important factor for the development of testicular tumours (p < 0.05). Lower levels of testosterone concentration (p < 0.05) were observed in dogs with advanced testicular degeneration (0.7 +/- 0.8 nM), dogs with hypoplastic testicles (0.8 +/- 0.9 nM) and dogs with one degenerated and one retained testis or with bilateral cryptorchidism (1.2 +/- 0.9 nM) compared to dogs with one or two normal testes (7.0 +/- 5.5 nM). Testicular volume and weight were significantly lower in degenerated, hypoplastic and retained testes compared with the contralateral normal testis. Some spermatogenic activity was found in three of the retained testes, producing oligozoospermic smears with a high percentage of sperm abnormalities. No comparable epidemiological data about male pathological conditions of the reproductive organs in the dog is available. The prevalence found in this study, yet, appears high.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Doenças Testiculares/veterinária , Neoplasias Testiculares/veterinária , Testosterona/sangue , Fatores Etários , Animais , Criptorquidismo/epidemiologia , Criptorquidismo/patologia , Criptorquidismo/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/sangue , Cães , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Espermatozoides/anormalidades , Doenças Testiculares/sangue , Doenças Testiculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Testiculares/patologia , Neoplasias Testiculares/sangue , Neoplasias Testiculares/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Testiculares/patologia , Clima TropicalRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to offer patients with chronic testicular pain and no physico-pathological finding, a likely cause not usually taken into account such as uricemia. The hypothesis of an intracanalicular deposit of uric crystals and/or the resulting alteration in nerve endings is suggested. METHOD: The study involved a total of 60 patients with chronic orchialgia and no detectable testicular pathology seen over a 5-year period. Mean age 35.6 years. They were all evaluated with routine laboratory tests, uricemia, uricosuria and in specific cases uroculture and Stamey's method. Orchidometry, vascular doppler and ultrasound were used in all cases. RESULTS: Presence of hyperuricemia was corroborated in 61.6% cases. Based on figures found, patients were divided into three groups. Patients were treated with a low-purine diet plus Allopurinol 300 mg/day, and symptoms receded in 81.06% cases. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the high incidence of hyperuricemia and the significant symptomatological relief obtained with specific treatment, we believe its determination should become routine.