RESUMO
Conservation breeding programmes are a tool used to prevent amphibian extinctions. The husbandry requirements of amphibians are complex. Ongoing research is needed to ensure optimal management of those captive-bred animals destined, in particular, for reintroduction. The UV-B and vitamin D3 requirements of amphibians are largely unknown. Metabolic bone disease has been reported in a number of species. These include the Critically Endangered mountain chicken frog (Leptodactylus fallax) reared in captivity on diets supplemented with a high-calcium multivitamin and mineral supplement containing vitamin D3 but without UV-B provision. Captive-bred L. fallax being reared for reintroduction to Montserrat were provided with UV-B radiation from metamorphosis and were fed on insects supplemented with vitamins and minerals. Overlapping heat, light and UV-B gradients were provided, mimicking what we believe best represents the natural situation and thereby facilitated self-regulation of UV-B exposure. A subset of 10 frogs was periodically radiographed to assess skeletal health. Radiographic bone density and anatomical integrity appeared unremarkable when compared with a wild caught L. fallax. In addition to other routine health-screening, we recommend that radiography be performed to a structured schedule on a subset of all captive-bred and reared amphibians to assess skeletal health and to gauge the appropriateness of captive husbandry. We demonstrate here that, through the appropriate provision of a combination of both UV-B radiation and dietary supplementation, L. fallax can be bred and reared in captivity with healthy skeletal development.
Assuntos
Criação de Animais Domésticos/métodos , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal , Animais de Zoológico , Anuros/fisiologia , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/veterinária , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais/métodos , Terapia Ultravioleta/veterinária , Animais , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/prevenção & controle , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/radioterapia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Terapia Ultravioleta/métodos , Índias OcidentaisRESUMO
The study investigates the influence of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on bone healing in the femur of osteopenic and normal rats with titanium implants. Ovariectomy and control group were randomly submitted to LLLT, which was applied by gallium-aluminum-arsenium (GaAlAs) laser at the surgical site before and after placing the implant, for seven times. Histomorphometric and statistical analysis were performed. Most irradiated groups showed higher values than the nonirradiated groups. The GaAlAs infrared diode laser may improve the osseointegration process in osteopenic and normal bone, particularly based on its effects in the initial phase of bone formation.
Assuntos
Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/fisiopatologia , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/radioterapia , Fêmur/efeitos da radiação , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Osteogênese/efeitos da radiação , Titânio , Animais , Substitutos Ósseos , Feminino , Lasers Semicondutores/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/instrumentação , Osseointegração , Ovariectomia , Ratos , Cicatrização/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
Laser therapy is able to modulate cell metabolism and accelerate the repair of fracture. Little attention has been given to the effect of laser on bone with osteopenia or osteoporosis. The purpose of our study was to verify the effect of laser therapy in combination with bisphosphonate on osteopenic bone structure. The 35 Wistar female rats used were divided into five groups: (1) sham-operation rats (control), (2) ovariectomized (OVX'd) rats with osteopenia, (3) OVX'd rats with osteopenia treated with laser, (4) OVX'd rats with osteopenia treated with bisphosphonate and (5) OVX'd rats with osteopenia treated with bisphosphonate and laser. Groups 3 and 5 were given daily 6 mg doses of bisphosphonate orally. Groups 4 and 5 underwent low level laser therapy [gallium-aluminum-arsenium (GaAlAs) laser, 830 nm, 50 mW and 4 J/cm(2)] on the femoral neck and vertebral segments (T13-L2). Both treatments were performed over an 8-week period. Rats from the osteopenic control and osteopenic + laser groups presented marked osteopenia. In the osteopenic + bisphosphonate group, the trabecular bone volume in vertebra L2 was significantly greater than in the osteopenic control group. Notably, in the association between laser and bisphosphonate, the trabecular bone volume was significantly greater in vertebrae L2 and T13 and was similar to that in the sham-operation control group. It was concluded that the laser therapy associated with bisphosphonate treatment was the best method for reversing vertebral osteopenia caused by the ovariectomy.
Assuntos
Alendronato/uso terapêutico , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/uso terapêutico , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/radioterapia , Lasers Semicondutores/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Animais , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/etiologia , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/patologia , Terapia Combinada , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Ovariectomia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Coluna Vertebral/efeitos dos fármacos , Coluna Vertebral/patologia , Coluna Vertebral/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of photoradiation--infrared at 830 nm--used in two doses, on femora of osteopenic rats. BACKGROUND DATA: Osteoporosis has recently been recognized as a major public health problem. Based on stimulatory effects of photoradiation on the proliferation of bone cells, we hypothesized that photoradiation would be efficient in improving bone mass in osteopenic rats. METHODS: Sixty female animals, divided into six groups, were used: sham-operated control (SC), osteopenic control (OC), sham-operated irradiated with the dose of 120 J/cm(2) (I120), osteopenic irradiated with the dose of 120 J/cm(2) (O120), sham-operated irradiated with the dose of 60 J/cm(2) (I60), and osteopenic irradiated with the dose of 60 J/cm(2) (O60) Animals were 90 days old when operated. Laser irradiation was initiated 8 weeks after operation, and it was performed 3 times a week for 2 months. Femora were submitted to a biomechanical test and to a physical properties evaluation. RESULTS: Maximal load of O120 did not show any difference when compared with SC and I120, but it was higher than the O60 group. Wet weight, dry weight, and bone volume of O60 and O120 did not show any difference when compared with SC. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that photoradiation had stimulatory effects on femora of osteopenic rats, mainly at the dose of 120 J/cm.(2) However, further studies are needed to investigate the effects of different parameters, wavelengths, and sessions of applications on ovariectomized rats.