RESUMO

Pitiose gástrica canina é uma afecção crônica granulomatosa causada pelo pseudo-fungo Pythium insidiosum que ocasiona espessamento trasnsmural do estômago. Relata-se um caso de gastrite fúngica em um canino dobermann de 1 ano, macho, atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, campus Sinop-MT, com sinais clínicos de diarreia escura intermitente, regurgitação, êmese e anorexia progressiva por cerca de três meses. No exame ultrassonográfico, observou espessamento gástrico difuso. Devido ao prognóstico ruim, foi realizado eutanásia. Na macroscopia, havia espessamento difuso da parede do estômago e petéquias multifocais por toda a mucosa. Na microscopia havia acentuado infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso por toda a submucosa e muscular. Foi realizado coloração de metenamina nitrato de prata de Grocott (GMS), com evidenciação de hifas cenocíticas, raras septação e diâmetro de 6-10µm. A confirmação do diagnóstico e identificação do agente foi realizado através Imuno-histoquímica com anticorpo primário para Pythium insidiosum.

Canine gastric pythiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by the insidious pythi fungus that causes stomach thickening. We report a case of fungal gastritis in a 1-year-old male progressive Doberman canine treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop-MT campus, with clinical signs of intermittent diarrhea, regurgitation, vomiting and anorexia for about three months. On ultrasound examination, diffuse gastric thickening was observed. Due to the poor prognosis, euthanasia was performed. Macroscopically, there was diffuse thickening of the stomach wall and multifocal petechiae throughout the mucosa. On microscopy, there was a marked granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate throughout the submucosa and muscle Production of Grocott silver nitrate methenamine (GMS) was performed with evidence of cenocytic hyphae, rare septation and diameter of 6-10µm. Confirmation of the diagnosis and identification of the agent was performed through Immunohistochemistry with primary antibody to Pythium insidiosum.

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RESUMO

An outbreak of systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology was diagnosed in a dairy herd from Argentina. Eleven out of 211 cows manifested hyperthermia, depression, alopecia, pruritus, decreased milk production and death in most cases. During necropsy, multifocal petechial hemorrhages in glottis and vulva, white multifocal nodules in the liver and splenomegaly with subcapsular petechial hemorrhages were observed. Both kidneys were diffuse pale and enlarged. Systemic granulomatous hepatitis, myocarditis, pancreatitis and nephritis were observed. Water and food samples tested negative for Arsenic and T2 toxin, respectively. Fusarium equiseti was isolated from alfalfa hay samples. Vicia spp. was not consumed by the affected herd and no other cause of vetch-like disease was registered. Other causes of granulomatous lesions (Mycobacterium spp. and fungal infections) were discarded. The systemic granulomatous disease was suggestive of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction. Although the sensitizing agent was not determined, two components of the ration were suspected: cotton seed and bone ash. Both of them were introduced one month prior to the detection of the first affected cow and the disease resolved since they were removed from the diet.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

An outbreak of systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology was diagnosed in a dairy herd from Argentina. Eleven out of 211 cows manifested hyperthermia, depression, alopecia, pruritus, decreased milk production and death in most cases. During necropsy, multifocal petechial hemorrhages in glottis and vulva, white multifocal nodules in the liver and splenomegaly with subcapsular petechial hemorrhages were observed. Both kidneys were diffuse pale and enlarged. Systemic granulomatous hepatitis, myocarditis, pancreatitis and nephritis were observed. Water and food samples tested negative for Arsenic and T2 toxin, respectively. Fusarium equiseti was isolated from alfalfa hay samples. Vicia spp. was not consumed by the affected herd and no other cause of vetch-like disease was registered. Other causes of granulomatous lesions (Mycobacterium spp. and fungal infections) were discarded. The systemic granulomatous disease was suggestive of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction. Although the sensitizing agent was not determined, two components of the ration were suspected: cotton seed and bone ash. Both of them were introduced one month prior to the detection of the first affected cow and the disease resolved since they were removed from the diet.

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RESUMO

A 4-year-old Criollo stallion was presented at the equine clinic of veterinary hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, with a 30-day history of progressive weight loss, anemia and swelling of the forelimbs and face. Physical examination revealed that the swelling was firm and had a bone-like consistency, also radiographs showed extensive periosteal proliferation on the forelimb long bones that suggested hypertrophic osteopathy (Marie´s disease). Physical examinations identified no respiratory findings. However, during ultrasound examination, superficial lung disease was identified. The animal was treated with antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for 12 days. Due to a complete lack of response to this treatment, the horse was euthanized. At necropsy several granulomatous lesions were identified in the thorax, abdomen and testicular tunics. Bony proliferation was evident on many bones of the appendicular skeleton and face. Based on these findings the diagnosis of hypertrophic osteopathy associated with sarcoidosis was established. It is important to perform a thorough clinical examination and include hypertrophic osteopathy in the differential diagnosis of diseases that are accompanied by swelling of the face and limbs as edema from various causes, fibrous osteodystrophy, for example.(AU)

Um garanhão Crioulo, 4 anos de idade, foi atendido na clínica de equinos do hospital veterinário da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, com histórico de emagrecimento progressivo há 30 dias, anemia e aumento de volume dos membros torácicos e da face. O exame físico revelou que o aumento de volume era firme e apresentava consistência óssea. Radiografias também mostraram extensa proliferação periosteal nos ossos longos dos membros anteriores, o que sugeriu a osteopatia hipertrófica (doença de Marie). Os exames físicos não identificaram alteração respiratória. No entanto, durante o exame ultrassonográfico, foi identificada doença pulmonar superficial. O animal foi tratado com antibióticos e anti-inflamatórios não esteróides durante 12 dias. Devido a uma completa falta de resposta ao tratamento, o cavalo foi sacrificado. Durante a necropsia, várias lesões granulomatosas foram identificadas no tórax, abdômen e túnicas testiculares. Proliferação óssea era evidente em vários ossos do esqueleto apendicular e da face. Com base nestes resultados o diagnóstico de osteopatia hipertrófica associada à sarcoidose foi estabelecido. É importante realizar um exame clínico completo e incluir a osteopatia hipertrófica no diagnóstico diferencial de enfermidades que vêm acompanhadas de aumento de volume da face e dos membros como edema por diversas causas e osteodistrofia fibrosa, por exemplo.(AU)

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A esporotricose é uma doença crônica, granulomatosa e geralmente linfocutânea que afeta animais ehomens. A doença em cães foi considerada rara, no entanto, nos últimos anos observou-se um registrocrescente de casos no Brasil, especialmente no Rio de Janeiro. No presente estudo, as características clínicas e o diagnóstico da esporotricose foram analisados em 25 (vinte e cinco) cães e, então, foi realizada acomparação com os principais diagnósticos diferenciais desta doença em um serviço de dermatologia: asneoplasias e as doenças de pele auto-imunes. (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A esporotricose é uma doença crônica, granulomatosa e geralmente linfocutânea que afeta animais ehomens. A doença em cães foi considerada rara, no entanto, nos últimos anos observou-se um registrocrescente de casos no Brasil, especialmente no Rio de Janeiro. No presente estudo, as características clínicas e o diagnóstico da esporotricose foram analisados em 25 (vinte e cinco) cães e, então, foi realizada acomparação com os principais diagnósticos diferenciais desta doença em um serviço de dermatologia: asneoplasias e as doenças de pele auto-imunes.

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A 6-year-old, male, mixed-breed horse was presented for necropsy with history of blindness, ataxia, incoordination, peddling movements, nystagmus, depression, muscle spasms, abnormal appetite, mydriasis, abnormal behavior, and recumbency. There were no gross findings in the brain. Microscopically, there was meningoencephalitis characterized by a mild to moderate multifocal granulomatous inflammatory reaction, affecting mainly the cerebellum and, with lesser intensity, the thalamus and brain stem. Intralesional larval nematodes with morphology consistent with Halicephalobus gingivalis were observed. Based on the histopathological findings, a diagnosis of granulomatous meningoencephalitis by H. gingivalis was made.(AU)

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Pythiosis is a granulomatous disease of horses, cattle, dogs, cats and humans identified in tropical and subtropical areas and caused by Pythium insidiosum, a zoosporic fungus. Experimental models of pythiosis in naturally infected species have not yet been reported but, rabbits may be inoculated with zoospores as an experimental model for studying the disease. The present study evaluates the efficacy of three different of immunotherapics in the rabbit model. Approximately 17500 zoospores of oomycete P. insidiosum (CBS 101555 strain) were inoculated in each animal to generate the disease. Immunotherapics were produced from vortexed or sonicated cultures of the same strain. Four groups of five animals were employed: group 1, placebo; group 2, sonicated immunotherapic; group 3, mixed immunotherapic; and group 4, vortexed immunotherapic. All rabbits were inoculated with viable zoospores one month before administration of the immunotherapics. Eight doses of immunotherapic or placebo were used in each animal with a 14 day interval between injections. Rabbits receiving the vortexed immunotherapic were most effectively protected (P<0.05), showing a decrease in the area of coastal nodules due to Pythiosis insidiosum by 71.8% after 26 weeks of evaluation. Moreover, two animals in this group showed complete remission of the infection at the end of the 26 weeks. In contrast to these findings, rabbits given the sonicated immunotherapic did not show any protection and had an increase of 211.8% in the size of lesions. This failure of sonicated immunotherapic may reflect denaturation of protective antigens due to the sonication method.

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RESUMO

A pitiose é uma enfermidade granulomatosa crônica, principalmente do tecido subcutâneo, causada pelo Oomiceto Pythium insidiosum que acomete humanos e animais. A espécie eqüina é a mais atingida, havendo vários relatos da doença no Brasil. A enfermidade destaca-se pela dificuldade de tratamento, representando um risco importante para a vida de animais e humanos afetados. O diagnóstico precoce e correto é fundamental para o sucesso da terapia. A dificuldade de tratamento deve-se à ausência de drogas antifúngicas ativas contra o agente. Recentemente, a imunoterapia tem surgido como uma alternativa terapêutica potencial. Nesse artigo, os aspectos micológicos, epidemiológicos, clínicos e histopatológicos da pitiose nas diferentes espécies säo revisados. As técnicas diagnósticas disponíveis e as perspectivas terapêuticas também säo abordadas.

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