RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate, (i) if subjects submitted to a structured oral hygiene training program (OHt) maintain adopted habits over 180 days without professional guidance; and (ii) in perspective whether flossing provides additional benefits to toothbrushing on gingival health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-five adult subjects showing approximately 40% proximal gingival bleeding were randomized to receive OHt (1 session weekly over 8 weeks) using toothbrush and dental floss or toothbrush alone. The subjects were then followed over 180 days without professional guidance. Primary outcomes were mean interproximal Gingival Index (GI) and GI = 2 (gingival bleeding). Mixed linear models were used for the comparison between groups (p < 0.05). RESULTS: 68 subjects received OHt, 48 subjects completed the 180-day follow-up. Subjects maintained adequate oral hygiene routines. Besides a reduction in gingival inflammation, no alterations in gingival status were observed among groups, subjects additionally instructed to use dental floss showing a mean interproximal GI = 2 of 12.8 ± 2.5 compared with 19.8 ± 2.2 for subjects limited to tooth brushing alone. CONCLUSIONS: OHt intensive training promotes gingival health and maintenance lasting at least 6 months without professional supervision reinforcing important principles: (i) dental health professionals should dedicate time training and motivating their patients to reach adequate self-performed plaque control; and (ii) the adjunctive use of dental floss appears essential to reduce interproximal gingival inflammation in subjects with intact interdental papillae. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Dentists need to invest time in training/motivating/engage their patients to achieve adequate OH; adjunct flossing in subjects with papilla filling the interdental space appears essential to reach and maintain gingival health. CLINICALTRIALS: GOV : (53831716.5.0000.5346). TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol registration was filed May 9, 2018 (# 538,311,716.5.0000.5346) on ClinicalTrials.gov. An NCT number (NCT04909840) was generated upon completed registration.
Assuntos
Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Seguimentos , Higiene Bucal/educação , Índice Periodontal , Escovação Dentária , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gengivite/prevenção & controle , Gengivite/terapia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
La presente publicación describe los criterios técnicos de referencia y contrarreferencia para la atención integral oportuna y de calidad de las personas con discapacidad., así como las actividades y procedimientos del personal que brinda atención estomatológica para disminuir el riesgo de complicaciones y aparición de nuevos casos por enfermedades estomatológicas
Assuntos
Atenção Primária à Saúde , Reabilitação , Doenças Dentárias , Saúde Bucal , Agentes Comunitários de Saúde , Assistência Centrada no Paciente , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Populações Vulneráveis , Prática Odontológica de GrupoRESUMO
Objectives: to describe and examine oral hygiene habits and self-reported gingival bleeding in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: in an observational and prospective study, 140 women were evaluated during chemotherapy between 2017 and 2019. Results and Conclusion: more than 40% of participants reported gingival bleeding at some point during chemotherapy. Flossing was unsatisfactory at baseline and in the intermediate cycle as well as did not affect self-reported gingival bleeding. The amount of tooth brushing per day was a predictor of self-reported gingival bleeding at the end of chemotherapy.
Objetivos: descrever e examinar os hábitos de higiene bucal e o autorrelato de sangramento gengival em mulheres com câncer de mama em quimioterapia. Métodos: em um estudo observacional prospectivo, foram avaliadas 140 mulheres ao longo da quimioterapia, entre 2017 e 2019. Resultados e Conclusão: mais de 40% das participantes relataram sangramento gengival em algum momento da quimioterapia. O uso de fio dental foi insatisfatório no baseline e ciclo intermediário, bem como não afetou o autorrelato de sangramento gengival. A quantidade de escovação dentária por dia foi um preditor para o autorrelato de sangramento gengival ao fim da quimioterapia.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Tratamento Farmacológico , Higiene Bucal , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , AutorrelatoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of dental floss as a supplement to toothbrushing in support of gingival health in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-five systemically healthy subjects, non-smokers, without loss of interproximal periodontal attachment and with more than 15% of the interproximal sites presenting with gingival bleeding were randomized into two groups either performing toothbrushing supplemented by dental floss (TB + DF) or toothbrushing (TB) alone. Over a 60-day period, participating subjects weekly received oral hygiene instruction and supervised personal and professional plaque removal by applying the devices assigned for the group. Study subjects were instructed to perform toothbrushing twice daily (group TB + DF and TB) and use dental floss once daily (group TB + DF). Gingival Index (GI) and Plaque Index (PlI) were evaluated at baseline, and at 30 and 60 days. Linear mixed models were used to compare PlI and GI intra- and intergroup means. RESULTS: Interproximal gingival inflammation (GI = 2 and mean GI) was significantly reduced in both groups by day 30, reduction in inflammation being significantly greater in the TB + DF compared with the TB alone group. No further significant alterations were observed by day 60. Moreover, reduction in gingival inflammation (GI = 2) was greater in the anterior compared with the posterior dentition. CONCLUSIONS: Interproximal gingival inflammation may be significantly reduced by toothbrushing alone, the effect being significantly enhanced when toothbrushing is combined with dental floss. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol registration was filed on May 9, 2018 (# 538,311,716.5.0000.5346) on ClinicalTrials.gov and after complete registration, a NCT number was generated (NCT04909840). Since the date in May 2018 when the protocol preregistration was filed, no change in methodology, primary outcome, and data analysis has occurred. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Optimized personal oral hygiene routines in individuals without loss clinical attachment interproximal should include dental floss as a supplement to toothbrushing in support of gingival health.
Assuntos
Placa Dentária , Gengivite , Adulto , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Índice de Placa Dentária , Gengivite/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Inflamação , Método Simples-Cego , Escovação DentáriaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To systematically review the literature on the efficacy of interdental cleaning devices (ICDs) used with active substances, as adjuncts to toothbrushing, in comparison with toothbrushing alone or with ICDs without active substances. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Searches for randomized clinical trials were performed in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane (CENTRAL), and Web of Science. Two independent researchers performed study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment; a third one resolved any disagreement. Meta-analysis was not feasible, and a narrative approach was used to synthesize the evidence. RESULTS: Seven studies were included. Dental floss with chlorhexidine was used in five studies, whereas interdental brushes with chlorhexidine and cetylpyridinium chloride were used in one study each. ICDs with active substances resulted in significantly higher antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacies than without ICDs (n = 3). ICDs with and without active substances demonstrated contrasting results. For this comparison, six studies were included for each outcome. Significantly higher antigingivitis efficacy of ICDs with active substances was noted in four studies, whereas significantly higher antiplaque efficacy of ICDs with active substances was reported in three studies. All comparisons demonstrated a very low certainty of evidence. CONCLUSIONS: There is no robust evidence for the additional clinical efficacy of ICDs with active substances regarding their antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacies. These devices may have additional clinical efficacy when compared with the absence of interproximal hygiene. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The use of ICDs helps maintain or achieve periodontal health. However, the adjunct use of active substances may not provide additional benefits.
Assuntos
Placa Dentária , Gengivite , Cetilpiridínio/uso terapêutico , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Escovação DentáriaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this systematic review was to assess whether flossing before or after influences plaque index reduction. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted according to the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses and registered with the International prospective register of systematic reviews under number CRD42019126239. The PICO question was, 'does flossing before or after brushing have any effect on reducing dental plaque?'. An electronic search was performed until April 2020 in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus Web of Science and Cochrane Library. The initial database search resulted in 9679 references, and after detailed analysis of the titles and abstracts of the selected studies, the inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, and 06 complete articles were downloaded and selected for further analysis. After the complete 02 articles were selected, 60 patients with a mean age of 23.1 years were studied and compared dental flossing before or after dental brushing. RESULTS: The results showed that there was no statistical difference between brush-floss and floss-brush in reducing plaque index (p = 0.91, RR: 0.01, 95% CI: -0.16, 0.18). CONCLUSIONS: Flossing before or after brushing has no significant effect on reducing dental plaque index. However, more clinical studies should be conducted.
Assuntos
Placa Dentária , Gengivite , Adulto , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Índice de Placa Dentária , Humanos , Escovação Dentária , Adulto JovemRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the physical conditions and presence of residues of toothbrushes used by mothers and their babies and mothers' knowledge about toothbrush care. Material and Methods This was a cross-sectional study comprising a convenience sample represented by 60 mother-baby pairs. The mothers answered a questionnaire to evaluate their knowledge of toothbrush care. A calibrated dentist performed a visual inspection of the toothbrushes. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, with a significance level of 5%. Results It was found that 82% of the mothers had never received instructions regarding the care of toothbrushes after use (p=0.024). Most of them believed that their toothbrushes (70%) and their children's toothbrushes (88%) were in good condition to use (p=0.043). However, most mother's toothbrushes presented an unacceptable deformity of the bristles (65%) and the presence of residues (60%). In addition, babies' toothbrushes also presented unacceptable deformities of the bristles (52%) and residues (55%). There was an association between the lack of instructions received by the mother and the presence of deformity and residues on the mother's toothbrush bristles (p=0.037 and p=0.003, respectively). Conclusion Most mothers had never received instructions regarding toothbrush care, which is reflected in the condition of their and their baby's toothbrushes, which presented unacceptable physical conditions concerning deformation and presence of residues.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Adulto , Higiene Bucal , Escovação Dentária/métodos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Assistência Domiciliar , Brasil/epidemiologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Odontólogos , Estudo Observacional , Lactente , MãesRESUMO
Introducción: Las enfermedades periodontales junto con la caries dental son las patologías más frecuentes que afectan los dientes y tejidos circundantes. El principal agente etiológico es el acúmulo de biopelícula dental bacteriana ya sea en las fosas y fisuras de los dientes como en el surco gingival. Objetivo: La presente revisión narrativa tuvo por objetivo sintetizar los resultados de la terapia mecánica sobre la higiene oral al ser indicadas en pacientes con diagnóstico de periodontitis. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo que se basó en una revisión crítica de las publicaciones relacionadas a la terapia periodontal mecánica en las bases de datos: Scopus, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), MEDLINE (Pubmed), ScienceDirect así como el buscador Google académico. En cada base de datos se realizó una búsqueda libre de la información con un límite de 10 años de antigüedad de las fuentes de información para analizar tanto fuentes antiguas como actuales. Resultados: De una búsqueda inicial de 678 artículos se incluyeron 52 estudios que compararon técnicas de higiene oral, así como revisiones sistemáticas que sintetizaron el efecto de la terapia mecánica periodontal. Conclusiones: El tratamiento periodontal debe ser considerado la terapia inicial para la periodontitis, debe incluir instrucción en técnicas de higiene para el control de la biopelícula dental y el debridamiento mecánico de las zonas afectadas. No se ha demostrado que una técnica de cepillado manual específica sea superior a otras, por tanto, se debería aplicar aquella que mejor pueda manejar el paciente. No se encontró evidencia que demuestre que el uso del hilo dental disminuya eficientemente los índices de biopelícula dental y parámetros gingivales debido a la dificultad por parte del paciente para emplear adecuadamente la técnica(AU)
Introduction: Periodontal diseases together with dental caries are the most frequent pathologies affecting the teeth and surrounding tissues. The main etiological agent is the accumulation of bacterial dental biofilm in the pits and fissures of the teeth and the gingival sulcus. Objective: The present narrative review aimed to synthesize the results of mechanical therapy on oral hygiene when it is indicated in patients with the diagnosis of periodontitis. Material and methods: A descriptive study was conducted. It was based on a critical review of some articles related to mechanical periodontal therapy published in databases such as Scopus, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), PubMed/ MEDLINE and ScienceDirect. Google search engine was also used. A free search for information was carried out in each database. An age limit of 10 years was established for the analysis of both old and current sources. Results: The initial search included 678 articles. Of these, 52 studies that compared oral hygiene techniques as well as systematic reviews that synthesized the effect of mechanical periodontal therapy were included. Conclusions: Periodontal treatment should be considered as the initial therapy for the treatment of periodontitis. It should include oral hygiene instructions for the control of dental biofilm and mechanical debridement of the affected areas. A specific manual brushing technique has not been proven to bebetter than others; therefore, the one that can best be performed by the patient should be used. There was no proven evidence that effective flossing reduces dental biofilm indexes and gingival parameters due to the patient difficulty to adequately perform the technique(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Higiene Bucal , Doenças Periodontais/terapia , Escovação Dentária/métodos , Cárie Dentária , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Padrões de ReferênciaRESUMO
Objective: This study evaluated the associations of periodontal status with dental plaque index and frequency of toothbrushing and flossing in Kiriri Brazilian Indigenous people. Methods: Gingival bleeding, periodontal clinical attachment level, and dental plaque index were clinically evaluated in 204 adult Brazilian indigenous. They were categorized as healthy, gingivitis, or periodontitis. Sociodemographic data and oral hygiene habits were registered. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed (p≤0.05). Results: Gingivitis [odds ratio (OR): 2.83; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.525.25; p=0.001] and periodontitis (OR: 6.88; 95%CI, 1.4432.78; p=0.02) were associated with plaque index level, but not with toothbrushing or flossing frequency (p ≥0.55). Conclusion: Gingivitis and periodontitis were associated with higher plaque index, but not with the frequency of toothbrushing and flossing. To enhance this population's periodontal health, a prevention program focused on improving the quality of self-performed oral hygiene should be planned and implemented.
Objetivo: avaliar as associações do estado periodontal com o índice de placa dentária, a frequência de escovação e o uso do fio dental em Indígenas Brasileiros Kiriri. Métodos: sangramento gengival, nível de inserção clínica periodontal e índice de placa dentária foram avaliados, clinicamente, em 204 indígenas brasileiros adultos. Eles foram classificados como saudáveis, com gengivite ou periodontite. Dados sociodemográficos e hábitos de higiene bucal foram registrados. Foram realizadas análises bivariadas e de regressão logística (p≤0,05). Resultados: gengivite [Odds Ratio (OR): 2,83; Intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC), 1,52-5,25; p = 0,001] e periodontite (OR: 6,88; IC 95%, 1,4432,78; p = 0,02) foram associados ao nível de índice de placa, mas não à frequência de escovação ou uso do fio dental (p ≥0,55). Conclusão: gengivite e periodontite foram associados a maior índice de placa, mas não com frequência de escovação e uso do fio dental. Para melhorar a saúde periodontal dessa população, um programa de prevenção com foco na melhoria da qualidade da higiene bucal autorrealizada deve ser planejado e implantado.
Assuntos
Placa Dentária , Higiene Bucal , Periodontite , Escovação Dentária , Índice de Placa Dentária , Estudos Transversais , Morbidade , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Prevenção de DoençasRESUMO
Los cepillos interproximales son una herramienta de higiene interdental que tiene variadas indicaciones y múltiples beneficios. Pacientes con enfermedad periodontal, con papilas que no llenan el espacio interdentario, portadores de aparatología ortodóncica, prótesis fija o de implantes entre otros casos, pueden beneficiarse con su utilización. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo dar una orientación de su uso clínico basado en la evidencia científica disponible. Los resultados apoyan su utilización en combinación con el hilo dental para la prevención y tratamiento de las enfermedades bucales más prevalentes, con un efecto marcado sobre el control del biofilm y la inflamación gingival (AU)
Interproximal brushes are an interdental hygiene tool with diverse indications that have, multiple benefits. Among other uses, they are indicated in patients with periodontal disease, with papillae that do not fill the interdental space, patients with orthodontic appliances, fixed prosthesis or implant-supported prosthesis. The aim of this article is provide guidance on their clinical use based on the available evidence. The results support their use in combination with dental floss for preventing and treating the most prevalent oral diseases, with a significant effect on biofilm control and gingival inflammation (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Higiene Bucal/métodos , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Doenças Periodontais/prevenção & controle , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Odontologia Baseada em Evidências , Doenças da Gengiva/prevenção & controleRESUMO
The objective of the study was to characterize self-reported oral hygiene practices among Mexican older adults aged ≥60 years, and to measure the association between frequency of tooth brushing and a set of sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and dental variables.We conducted a cross-sectional study of 139 older adults aged ≥60 years in Pachuca, Mexico. A questionnaire and a clinical dental examination were administered to identify specific variables. We determined frequency of tooth brushing (or cleaning of dentures or prostheses) and use of toothpaste, mouthwash, and dental floss among respondents. Non-parametric testing was performed for statistical analysis and a multivariate logistic regression model was generated with Stata 11 software to determine frequency of tooth brushing.In our study sample, 53.2% of participants reported brushing their teeth at least once a day, 50.4% always using toothpaste, 16.5% using mouthwash and 3.6% using floss for their oral hygiene. In general, younger and female respondents used oral hygiene aids more than the others. Our multivariate model yielded an association (Pâ<â.05) between tooth brushing at least once daily and the following variables: having functional dentition (ORâ=â12.60), lacking health insurance (ORâ=â3.72), being retired/pensioned (ORâ=â4.50), and suffering from a chronic disease (ORâ=â0.43).The older adults in our sample exhibited deficient oral hygiene behaviors. The results suggest certain socioeconomic inequalities in oral health. The findings of this study should be considered when designing dental care instructions for older adults.
Assuntos
Escovação Dentária/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antissépticos Bucais/administração & dosagem , Autorrelato , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Cremes Dentais/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Poor oral hygiene seems to be the norm in children and teenagers with Down Syndrome (DS). Advances in design and types of toothbrushes may improve biofilm control. This randomized, single-blind, crossover clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness of electric toothbrushes regarding mechanical control of biofilm in children and teenagers with DS and their cooperation. Twenty-nine participants with DS, aged 6 to 14 years, used both types of toothbrushes: electric (ET) and manual (MT). The order of use of the different types of toothbrushes was randomly defined, including a 7-day period with each type with 7-day washout period in between. The Turesky-Quigley-Hein biofilm index was used before and after brushing to assess the effectiveness of the technique. Frankl's behavioral scale was used during toothbrushing to assess the participants' cooperation. Paired T-test, Mann Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher's Exact tests were applied, with a significance level of 5%. The quantity of dental biofilm was significantly reduced after both brushing techniques (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found in total biofilm (ET: 0.73 ± 0.36; MT: 0.73 ± 0.34; p = 0.985) or % biofilm reduction (ET: 72.22%; MT: 70.96%; p = 0.762) after brushing between techniques or in % biofilm reduction between toothbrushes of age groups (6 -9 years, p = 0.919; 10-14 years, p = 0.671). Participants showed similar cooperation level with the two types of toothbrush (p = 1.000). The use of electric or manual toothbrush had no effect on the quantity of dental biofilm removed in children and teenagers with DS, nor did it influence their cooperation during the procedure.
Assuntos
Biofilmes , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Síndrome de Down/fisiopatologia , Escovação Dentária/instrumentação , Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente , Cuidadores , Criança , Comportamento Infantil , Estudos Cross-Over , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
RESUMEN Halitosis es la presencia de un olor desagradable que emana de la cavidad oral. La etiología de este mal olor es multifactorial, existiendo causas no orales, orales y extraorales. Los compuestos volátiles sulfurados (CVS): sulfuro de hidrógeno y metilmercaptano son los elementos prominentes del mal olor. Intraoralmente, existe una correlación significativa entre las concentraciones de CVS y bacterias periodontopatogénicas. En pacientes sin enfermedad periodontal el mal olor se origina principalmente de la cobertura del dorso de la lengua por lo que la limpieza o raspado de ésta es un método efectivo para prevenir o disminuir la halitosis. Existen múltiples opciones químicas para el abordaje del mal aliento que dependerán del origen y grado de severidad. Este artículo revisa el origen y los tratamientos tanto mecánicos como químicos que se tienen disponibles.
ABSTRACT Halitosis is the presence of an unpleasant smell that emanates from the oral cavity. The etiology of halitosis is multifactorial, existing non oral, oral and extraoral causes. The volatile sulphur compounds (VSC): hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan are the prominent elements of malodour. Intraorally there is a significant correlation between VSC concentrations and periodontopathogenic bacteria. In patients with no gum disease the halitosis is originated mainly in the dorsal surface of the tongue, so cleaning or brushing it is an effective method to prevent or decrease halitosis. There are multiple chemical options for the treatment of the malodour that will depend on the origin and severity of it. This article reviews the origin and mechanical and chemical treatments that are available.
Assuntos
Humanos , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Halitose/etiologia , Halitose/tratamento farmacológico , Produtos para Higiene Dental e BucalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Prospective studies investigating the influence of adjuvants to oral hygiene procedures on the recurrence of periodontitis (RP) during periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT) programs have not been previously reported. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of oral irrigator devices or interdental brushes as adjuncts to toothbrushing associated with dental flossing to improving periodontal condition and reducing RP among individuals under PMT. METHODS: From a 6-year prospective PMT cohort study (n = 268), 142 individuals who attended at least one PMT visit within 12 months were determined to be eligible. According to oral hygiene adjuvants use, they were categorized into three groups: 1) manual brushing/dental flossing + interdental brushes (BDF + Ib; n = 44); 2) manual brushing/dental flossing + oral irrigator (BDF + Oi; n = 36); and 3) only manual brushing/dental flossing (BDF; n = 62). Full-mouth periodontal examination and oral hygiene habits were evaluated at two time points: T1 (after active periodontal therapy) and T2 (6 years). RESULTS: RP was significantly higher among BDF when compared with BDF + Ib and BDF + Oi. The final logistic model in T2 for RP included the following items: manual brushing/dental flossing alone (odds ratio [OR] = 1.94); age > 50 years (OR = 1.98), smoking (OR = 3.51), bleeding on probing >30% sites (OR = 4.10), and the interaction between manual brushing/dental flossing alone and smoking (OR = 6.1). A protective effect on RP was observed in BDF + Oi individuals (OR = 0.52). CONCLUSIONS: BDF + Ib and BDF + Oi individuals presented lower rates of RP and better periodontal condition when compared to BDF individuals. Including these adjuvants to conventional oral hygiene have shown to improve biofilm control during PMT leading to a better periodontal status maintenance.
Assuntos
Higiene Bucal , Periodontite , Estudos de Coortes , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Escovação DentáriaRESUMO
O trauma buco maxilo facial (TBMF) relacionado à prática esportiva tem aumentado nos últimos anos, portanto é fundamental investigar os esportes de maior ocorrência, a saúde bucal dos atletas e a adoção de medidas preventivas. O objetivo neste estudo foi verificar a prevalência de trauma buco-maxilo-facial (BMF) em atletas; a relação com a modalidade esportiva praticada, bem como conhecimento e uso de protetores bucais, hábitos de higiene bucal, hábitos sociais e de hidratação. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, envolvendo 647 atletas praticantes de diferentes esportes em um município do Brasil. Os participantes responderam a um questionário que abordava como desfecho primário a ocorrência de trauma na região da cabeça e pescoço durante atividades esportivas e o conhecimento e uso de protetores bucais. As seguintes variáveis também foram investigadas: esporte praticado, região afetada, escovação, uso do fio dental, consumo de refrigerantes, bebidas alcoólicas, tabagismo, hidratação e a respiração durante a prática esportiva. Do total, 148 atletas (22,87%) sofreram TBMF e os esportes de maior ocorrência foram o basquetebol e o futebol. Houve associação significativa entre ocorrência de TBMF e desconhecimento sobre protetores bucais (p=0,0042) e modalidade esportiva (p<0,0001). A boca foi o local mais acometido (30,40%), a cotovelada foi a principal causa (32,54%). O protetor bucal era conhecido por 538 atletas (83,15%), no entanto, apenas 169 (26,12%) utilizavam, sendo 13 (7,69%) deles personalizados. Verificou-se que 313 atletas (48,53%) respiravam pela boca durante a prática esportiva, 381 (58,89%) não ingeriam refrigerantes, 618 (95,52%) não fumavam e 98 (15,15%) consumiam bebidas alcoólicas ao menos duas vezes por semana. A maioria dos atletas (n=554; 85,63%) ingeria apenas água, enquanto 138 (21,33%) consumiam energéticos durante o exercício. O fio dental não era usado por 212 (32,77%) atletas e 606 (93,67%) escovavam os dentes 2 a 3 vezes ao dia. A maioria dos atletas conhecia os protetores bucais, no entanto, poucos faziam uso. Grande parte dos atletas apresentava respiração bucal durante a prática esportiva e embora todos realizassem a escovação dentária, uma parcela considerável não fazia uso de fio dental. O consumo de refrigerante, bebidas alcoólicas e cigarros foi baixo(AU)
Buccomaxillofacial trauma (TBMF) related to sports practice has increased in recent years, so it is essential to investigate the sports with the highest occurrence of TBMF, the oral health of athletes and the adoption of preventive measures. The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of buccomaxillofacial trauma (BMF) in athletes; the relationship with the sport practiced, as well as knowledge and use of mouthguards, oral hygiene habits, social habits and hydration. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study, involving 647 athletes practicing different sports in a municipality in Brazil. Participants answered a questionnaire that addressed the occurrence of trauma in the head and neck during sports activities and the knowledge and use of mouthguards as the primary outcome. The following variables were also investigated: sport practiced, affected region, brushing, flossing, consumption of soft drinks, alcoholic beverages, smoking, hydration and breathing during sports practice. Of the total, 148 athletes (22.87%) suffered TBMF and the most frequent sports were basketball and football. There was a significant association between the occurrence of TBMF and lack of knowledge about mouthguards (p=0.0042) and sports (p <0.0001). The mouth was the most affected site (30.40%), the elbow was the main cause (32.54%). The mouthguard was known by 538 athletes (83.15%), however, only 169 (26.12%) used it, 13 (7.69%) of whom were personalized. It was found that 313 athletes (48.53%) breathed through the mouth during sports, 381 (58.89%) did not drink soft drinks, 618 (95.52%) did not smoke and 98 (15.15%) consumed drinks alcoholic at least twice a week. Most athletes (n = 554; 85.63%) drank only water, while 138 (21.33%) consumed energy drinks during exercise. The dental floss was not used by 212 (32.77%) athletes and 606 (93.67%) brushed their teeth 2 to 3 times a day. Most athletes knew about mouthguards, however, few used them. Most of the athletes had mouth breathing during sports practice and although all of them performed tooth brushing, a considerable portion did not use dental floss. The consumption of soft drinks, alcoholic beverages and cigarettes was low(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Higiene Bucal , Traumatismos Faciais , Atletas , Maxila/lesões , Boca/lesões , Protetores Bucais , Escovação Dentária , Ferimentos e Lesões , Exercício Físico , Saúde Bucal , Inquéritos e Questionários , Lesões do Pescoço , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Respiração Bucal , Protetores Bucais/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Abstract Poor oral hygiene seems to be the norm in children and teenagers with Down Syndrome (DS). Advances in design and types of toothbrushes may improve biofilm control. This randomized, single-blind, crossover clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness of electric toothbrushes regarding mechanical control of biofilm in children and teenagers with DS and their cooperation. Twenty-nine participants with DS, aged 6 to 14 years, used both types of toothbrushes: electric (ET) and manual (MT). The order of use of the different types of toothbrushes was randomly defined, including a 7-day period with each type with 7-day washout period in between. The Turesky-Quigley-Hein biofilm index was used before and after brushing to assess the effectiveness of the technique. Frankl's behavioral scale was used during toothbrushing to assess the participants' cooperation. Paired T-test, Mann Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher's Exact tests were applied, with a significance level of 5%. The quantity of dental biofilm was significantly reduced after both brushing techniques (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found in total biofilm (ET: 0.73 ± 0.36; MT: 0.73 ± 0.34; p = 0.985) or % biofilm reduction (ET: 72.22%; MT: 70.96%; p = 0.762) after brushing between techniques or in % biofilm reduction between toothbrushes of age groups (6 -9 years, p = 0.919; 10-14 years, p = 0.671). Participants showed similar cooperation level with the two types of toothbrush (p = 1.000). The use of electric or manual toothbrush had no effect on the quantity of dental biofilm removed in children and teenagers with DS, nor did it influence their cooperation during the procedure.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Escovação Dentária/instrumentação , Síndrome de Down/fisiopatologia , Biofilmes , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Tempo , Comportamento Infantil , Comportamento do Adolescente , Resultado do Tratamento , Cuidadores , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Estudos Cross-Over , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Desenho de EquipamentoRESUMO
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of the combined auxiliaries of oral hygiene with whitening agents on the micro-hardness and micro-morphology of dental enamel. Materials and Methods. 40 human incisors were used and sectioned to obtain 4x4mm samples and divided into four study groups. Group 1: Electric brushing with Toothpaste (BTP); Group 2: Electric brushing with Toothpaste+mouthwash (BTP+MW); Group 3: Electric brushing with Toothpaste+whitening pen (BTP+WP); Group 4: Electric brushing with Toothpaste+mouth wash+whitening pen (BTP+MW+WP). Samples were submitted toVickers micro-hardness test and visualized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results. All groups, with the exception of group 1, showed a decrease in micro- hardness values after applying the treatments (p<0.05). Likewise, when comparing the values after the treatments between the groups, significant statistical differences were found in all of comparisons except for those of groups 2 and 4. SEM images showed changes in the morphology in all the study groups with the exception of group 1. Conclusion. Significant changes such as decrease in micro-hardness as well as in the topography of the enamel surface such as elevations, craters, porosities and etching patterns were founded after the use of the combination of auxiliaries of oral hygiene with whitening agents.
RESUMEN El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del uso de los auxiliares de higiene oral combinados con agentes blanqueadores sobre la microdureza y la micro-morfología del esmalte dental. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron 40 incisivos humanos y se seccionaron para obtener muestras de 4x4 mm los cuales se dividieron en cuatro grupos de estudio. Grupo 1: cepillado eléctrico con pasta de dientes (BTP); Grupo 2: cepillado eléctrico con pasta dental+enjuague bucal (BTP+MW); Grupo 3: cepillado eléctrico con pasta dental+pluma blanqueadora (BTP+WP); Grupo 4: cepillado eléctrico con pasta dental+enjuague bucal+pluma blanqueadora (BTP+MW+WP). Las muestras fueron analizadas por medio de microdurezaVickers y microscopía electronica de barrido (SEM). Resultados. Todos los grupos, con la excepción del grupo 1, mostraron una disminución en los valores de microdureza después de aplicar los tratamientos (p<0.05). Del mismo modo, al comparar los valores después de los tratamientos entre los grupos, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en todas las comparaciones, excepto en las de los grupos 2 y 4. Las imágenes de SEM nos muestran cambios en la morfología en todos los grupos de estudio con la excepción del grupo 1 Conclusión. Cambios significativos como la disminución de la microdureza y los cambios en la topografía de la superficie del esmalte, como elevaciones, cráteres, porosidades y patrones de grabado, se encontraron después del uso de la combinación de auxiliares de la higiene oral con agentes blanqueadores.
Assuntos
Humanos , Higiene Bucal , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Produtos para Higiene Dental e Bucal , Clareamento Dental/tendências , Escovação Dentária , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Esmalte Dentário/lesõesRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of environmental and socioeconomic characteristics with the use of dental floss in preschool children. This cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 402 preschool children aged 1-5 years, from Santa Cruz do Sul, a Southern city in Brazil. Mothers answered questions about environmental, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics. Behavior variables as use of dental floss (study outcome) and dental attendance were also evaluated. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance through a hierarchical approach was used to investigate the association of explanatory variables for use of dental floss. Prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. The mean sample age was 3.32 years (standard deviation [SD] 1.10). Of the included children, 291 (73.12%) did not use dental floss. The environmental model indicated that children who attended daycare (PR 2.53; 95%CI 1.39-4.60) and those whose parents were members of volunteer networks (RP 1.58; 95%CI 1.02-2.46) were more likely to use dental floss. Children from families with higher income (PR 1.55; 95%CI 1.07-2.24) and maternal schooling (PR 2.21; 95%CI 1.31-3.74) presented a higher prevalence of dental floss use. Older children and those who attended dental services were also related to higher dental floss use. Our findings suggest that children who live in a supporting environment and those with a higher socioeconomic status are more likely to use dental floss.
Assuntos
Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar/estatística & dados numéricos , Meio Social , Brasil/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar/economia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Mães/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Distribuição de Poisson , Valores de Referência , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Objective: This parallel, randomized, examiner-blind clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two different toothbrushes (manual and sonic) on plaque control in adolescents. Material and Methods: This study enrolled 56 volunteers, randomly allocated to two different groups: group A (n = 28) for the manual toothbrush (Curaprox 5460 Ultra Soft®) and group B (n = 28) for the sonic toothbrush (Edel White®). Mean age was 17.2 ± 1.1 years. A calibrated periodontist performed a periodontal evaluation to assess the presence of plaque with the Turesky Modification of the Quigley Hein Plaque Index (PI) and the gingival inflammation with the Silness & Löe Gingival Index (GI). Adolescents received instructions about the mechanical control of plaque at baseline (T0), with a reexamination after 3 months (T1) and 6 months (T2). Non-parametric Mann Whitney test was used to compare the differences between the two toothbrush groups and the Friedman test was used for the comparisons between times. Results: There has been PI reduction concerning the study times (T0, T1 and T2, p<0.05), but not between the groups A and B (p>0.05). As for GI there has been no significant difference between the groups and between the study times (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both toothbrushes were efficient in the control of supragingival plaque (visible biofilm).
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Doenças Periodontais/diagnóstico , Escovação Dentária/métodos , Ensaio Clínico Controlado Aleatório , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Placa Dentária/etiologia , Brasil , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adolescente , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
Los cepillos interproximales son una herramienta de higiene interdental que tiene variadas indicaciones y múltiples beneficios. Pacientes con enfermedad periodontal, con papilas que no llenan el espacio interdentario, portadores de aparatología ortodóncica, prótesis fija o de implantes entre otros casos, pueden beneficiarse con su utilización. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo dar una orientación de su uso clínico basado en la evidencia científica disponible. Los resultados apoyan su utilización en combinación con el hilo dental para la prevención y tratamiento de las enfermedades bucales más prevalentes, con un efecto marcado sobre el control del biofilm y la inflamación gingival.
Interproximal brushes are an interdental hygiene tool with diverse indications that have multiple benefits. Among other uses, they are indicated in patients with periodontal disease, with papillae that do not fill the interdental space, patients with orthodontic appliances, fixed prosthesis or implant.supported prosthesis. The aim of this article is to provide guidance on their clinical use based on the available evidence. The results support their use in combination with dental floss for preventing and treating the most prevalent oral diseases, with a significant effect on biofilm control and gingival inflammation.