RESUMO
A Periodontite estádio III e IV grau C em pacientes jovens tem um caráter mais destrutivo dos tecidos periodontais de suporte e tem impacto em perdas dentárias, função mastigatória e pior resposta ao tratamento. E a Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana (TFD) tem surgido como uma alternativa promissora adjuvante à Terapia Periodontal não Cirúrgica (TPNC) desta doença. OBJETIVO: avaliar os efeitos da TFD como adjuvante no TPNC da Periodontite estádio III ou IV grau C, através dos parâmetros clínicos periodontais (Índice de Placa Visível (IPV), Índice de Sangramento Gengival (ISG), Sangramento à Sondagem (SS), Profundidade de Sondagem (PS), Recessão Gengival (RG), Nível de Inserção Clínica (NIC) e Mobilidade Dentária (MOB)) bem como avaliar seu impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes por meio do Oral healthrelated quality of life (OHRQoL). METODOLOGIA: Vinte e um indivíduos participaram desse ensaio clínico controlado randomizado, duplo cego, em um desenho de boca dividida por quadrantes. Todos os pacientes foram tratados com orientação de higiene bucal, raspagem e alisamento radicular por meio do Full Mouth Disinfection (FMD) e antibioticoterapia sistêmica. Os quatro quadrantes foram randomizados de acordo com os seguintes grupos: grupo 1 (FMD + AB), grupo 2 (FMD + AB + TFD em sessão única), grupo 3 (FMD + AB + TFD em quatro sessões) e grupo 4 (FMD + AB + laserterapia com luz infravermelha em quatro sessões). As avaliações foram feitas no baseline e com média de 6 meses após o tratamento. RESULTADOS: Obteve-se uma melhora dos parâmetros clínicos com redução significativa da PS, NIC e SS para todos grupos e da MOB para os grupos FMD + AB, FMD + AB + TFD sessão única e FMD + AB + TFD em 4 sessões após o tratamento, apresentou redução expressivamente maior do NIC no grupo FMD + AB + TFD 4 sessões (ΔMédia = 3,04 mm) em relação ao grupo FMD + AB (Δmédia =2,18 mm), ou seja, com diferença de 0,86 mm. A estratificação das PS no baseline em PS = 5mm e PS ≥ 6mm mostrou que para PS ≥ 6mm, o grupo FMD + AB + TFD em 4 sessões apresentou maior redução da PS (p = 0,005) e NIC (p = 0,001) em relação ao grupo FMD + AB. Em relação à QV, houve aumento significativo dos valores OHRQoL (p = 0,001) e dos domínios físico (p < 0,001), social (p = 0,027) e psicológico (p = 0,005) após o tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: A terapia periodontal do FMD associada a antibioticoterapia, com acréscimo ou não da TFD apresenta resultados significativos na melhora dos parâmetros clínicos periodontais e, em bolsas mais profundas, a TFD em 4 sessões apresentou resultados superiores. Ademais, a Periodontite estádio III ou IV grau C reflete negativamente na percepção da QV, porém, a TPNC apresentou impacto positivo sobre a mesma (AU).
Stage III IV grade C periodontitis in young patients has a more destructive character of periodontal support tissues and has impact on loss of teeth, masticatory function and worse response to treatment. The Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has become as a promising alternative, adjuvant to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy (NSPT) of this disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of adjunctive PDT on the non-surgical treatment of stage III IV, grade C Periodontitis, through the analysis of periodontal clinical parameters (Visible Plaque Index (VPI), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), Bleeding on Probing (BP), Pocket Probing Depth (PPD), Gingival Recession (GR), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) and Tooth Mobility (Mob)) as well as to assess their impact on quality of life (QoL) of the patients through Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) questionnaire. METHODOLOGY: Twenty-one subjects particpated in this controlled randomized, double-blind trial, in a split-mouth design divided into quadrants. All the patients were treated with oral hygiene guidance, scaling and root planing through Full Mouth Disinfection (FMD) and systemic anbiotics. The four quadrants were randomly assigned to the following treatment groups: group (FMD + AB), group 2 (FMD + AB + PDT in a single session), group 3 (FMD + AB + PDT in four sessions), and group 4 (FMD + AB + laser therapy with infrared light in four sessions). Assessments were made at baseline and an average of 6 months after treatment. RESULTS: There was an improvement in clinical parameters with significant reduction of PPD, CAL and BoP for all therapies as well as Mob for FMD + AB, FMD + AB + PDT in a sihgle session and FMD + AB + PDT in 4 sessions groups, however there was a significantly greater reduction in CIN in the FMD + AB + PDT group 4 sessions (ΔAverage = 3.04 mm) in relation to the FMD + AB group (ΔAverage = 2.18 mm), that is, with a difference of 0.86 mm. Stratification of the baseline pockets in PPD = 5mm and PPD ≥ 6mm showed that, for PPD ≥ 6mm, FMD + PDT in 4 sessions had a greater reduction of PPD (p = 0.005) and CAL (p = 0.001) in relation to FMD group). Regarding QoL analysis, there was a significant increase in the OHRQoL (p = 0.001) and in the physical (p < 0,001), social (p = 0.027) and psychological (p = 0.005) domains after treatment. CONCLUSION: FMD therapy associated with systemic antibiotic therapy, with or without addition of PDT, showed significant improvement of the clinical periodontal parameters and, in deeper pockets, PDT in 4 sessions showed better results. Furthermore, stage III - IV grade C Periodontitis reflected negatively on the QoL perception, however, NSPT had a positive impact on it (AU).
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/instrumentação , Desbridamento Periodontal/instrumentação , Antibacterianos , Percepção Social , Radiografia Dentária , Índice de Higiene Oral , Método Duplo-Cego , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
A associação de probióticos ao debridamento mecânico pode ser uma proposta de tratamento das doenças periodontais, em especial para pacientes portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Avaliou-se os efeitos da administração do probiótico Lactobacillus reuteri como terapia coadjuvante no tratamento da Periodontite (P) associada ao DM2. Um total de 40 participantes diabéticos e diagnosticados com P foram randomizados em Grupo RAR+Placebo (n=20): receberam debridamento mecânico associado ao probiótico e Grupo RAR+Probi (n=20): tratados com debridamento mecânico associado a um placebo. Foram realizadas avaliações de profundidade de sondagem (P.S.), recessão gengival (RG), nível de inserção clínica (NIC), índice de placa (IP), índice de sangramento gengival (IG) e índice PISA no baseline, 30, 90 e 180 dias. Foi realizada dosagem da concentração de citocinas (INF-γ, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL1ß, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) do fluido crevicular gengival (FCG), no baseline e 180 dias após o tratamento. Informações sobre efeitos adversos do uso de medicamentos e sobre qualidade de vida foram coletadas. Os dados foram obtidos em média e desvio padrão, e analisados pelos testes Fridman/Tukey e MannWhiteny. Considerado a metodologia do presente estudo, os resultados obtidos apontam que o debridamento periodontal promoveu melhora significativa (p<0.05) nos parâmetros clínicos periodontais em ambos os grupos, mas o uso do probiótico não foi eficiente para resultados adicionais quando comparado com o placebo. A terapia periodontal interferiu nos níveis de citocinas do FCG, porém não se pode afirmar que o uso de probiótico apresenta o mesmo efeito(AU)
The association of probiotics with mechanical debridement may be a proposal for the treatment of periodontal diseases, especially for patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2). The effects of the administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of Periodontitis (P) associated with DM2 were evaluated. A total of 40 diabetic participants and diagnosed with P were randomized into Group RAR + Placebo (n = 20): received mechanical debridement associated with the probiotic and Group RAR + Probi (n = 20): treated with mechanical debridement associated with a placebo. Probing depth (P.S.), gingival recession (RG), clinical insertion level (NIC), plaque index (IP), gingival bleeding index (IG) and PISA index were performed at baseline, 30, 90 and 180 days. Measurement of the concentration of cytokines (INF-γ, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-1ß, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) of the gingival crevicular fluid (FCG), at baseline and 180 days after treatment. Information on adverse effects of medication use and on quality of life was collected. The data were obtained in mean and standard deviation, and analyzed by the Fridman / Tukey and MannWhiteny tests. Considering the methodology of the present study, the results obtained point out that periodontal debridement promoted a significant improvement (p <0.05) in periodontal clinical parameters in both groups, but the use of probiotic was not efficient for additional results when compared with placebo. Periodontal therapy interfered with FCG cytokine levels, but it cannot be said that the use of probiotics has the same effect. Cytokines(AU)
Assuntos
Periodontite/complicações , Citocinas/efeitos dos fármacos , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/prevenção & controle , Desbridamento Periodontal/instrumentaçãoRESUMO
Peri-implantitis treatment is often surgical; however, in this case report, an alternative approach has been documented using a combination of nonsurgical debridement with the local controlled release of doxycycline by bioresorbable nanospheres in the peri-implant defect. After 15 months, remission on clinical inflammatory parameters of bleeding and suppuration on probing, as well as reduction of probing depths, was observed. This alternative approach may enhance clinical parameter improvements in some cases of peri-implantitis without the need for a surgical approach for implant decontamination.
Assuntos
Implantes Absorvíveis , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Doxiciclina/administração & dosagem , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Nanosferas/administração & dosagem , Peri-Implantite/terapia , Desbridamento Periodontal/métodos , Adulto , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Terapia Combinada , Preparações de Ação Retardada , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Seguimentos , Hemorragia Gengival/tratamento farmacológico , Hemorragia Gengival/terapia , Humanos , Ácido Láctico/química , Nanosferas/química , Peri-Implantite/tratamento farmacológico , Desbridamento Periodontal/instrumentação , Bolsa Periodontal/tratamento farmacológico , Bolsa Periodontal/terapia , Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico e Ácido PoliglicólicoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the effect of triclosan/copolymer dentifrice on the 6-month clinical response of patients with generalized severe chronic periodontitis (GSCP) treated with one-stage, full-mouth ultrasonic debridement (FMUD). METHODS: Thirty patients diagnosed with GSCP (≥8 teeth presenting probing depth [PD] ≥5 mm and bleeding on probing [BOP]) were selected and randomly allocated to a control group (n = 15) subjected to FMUD and daily use of a placebo dentifrice or to a test group (n = 15) subjected to FMUD and daily use of a triclosan/copolymer dentifrice. Patients were analyzed for the following parameters: full-mouth plaque index (FMPI), full-mouth BOP score (FMBS), gingival recession, PD, and clinical attachment level (CAL). Patients were evaluated at 3 and 6 months by a calibrated and masked examiner. RESULTS: Initially, the groups presented similar periodontal conditions, with no significant differences in any of the parameters evaluated (P >0.05). In both groups, improvements in all periodontal parameters (P <0.05) were seen at the completion of the experimental period. Additionally, the test group showed lower FMPI (3 months) and FMBS (3 and 6 months) than the control group (P <0.05). Moreover, the CAL gain was significantly greater in the test group, especially at initially deep pockets (PD ≤7 mm). Whereas in the control group the CAL gain in deep pockets was 2.7 ± 0.6 mm, in the test group the CAL gain was 3.6 ± 1.4 mm (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Within the limits of the present study, the use of triclosan/copolymer dentifrice promoted additional clinical benefits in the treatment of GSCP treated by one-stage FMUD.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos Locais/uso terapêutico , Periodontite Crônica/terapia , Dentifrícios/uso terapêutico , Desbridamento Periodontal/métodos , Triclosan/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Placa Dentária/terapia , Índice de Placa Dentária , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Seguimentos , Hemorragia Gengival/terapia , Retração Gengival/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/terapia , Desbridamento Periodontal/instrumentação , Índice Periodontal , Bolsa Periodontal/terapia , Placebos , Polímeros , Fluoreto de Sódio/uso terapêutico , Terapia por Ultrassom/instrumentação , Terapia por Ultrassom/métodosRESUMO
AIM: The aim of the present study was to compare the removal of the smear layer and exposure of collagen fibers of the root surface following the application of five citric acid solution concentrations. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Two hundred seventy (270) samples were equally divided into six groups (n=45) for treatment with saline solution (control) and five different concentrations of citric acid (0.5, 1, 2, 15, and 25 percent). Three acid application methods were used (passive, brushing, and burnishing) as well as three application periods (1, 2, and 3 minutes). A previously trained, calibrated (kappa score = 0.93), and blind examiner subsequently scored scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) of the samples. Statistical analyses were performed by using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post-hoc tests. RESULTS: According to the results obtained and within the limitations of the methodology used, the citric acid applications were more effective than the control treatment of applying saline solution (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed among the three application methods and three application periods. Descriptive analyses showed that best results for exposure of collagen fibers were obtained with the application of citric acid at 25 percent by brushing for 1 or 3 minutes. CONCLUSION: The best results for exposure of collagen fibers in this study were obtained with application of citric acid at 25 percent by brushing for 1 or 3 minutes, even though there were no statistically significant differences among the groups. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The best results for exposure of collagen fibers on root surfaces noted in this study were obtained with application of citric acid at 25 percent by brushing for 1 or 3 minutes.