RESUMO
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate stress distribution on peri-implant bone simulating the influence of platform switching in external and internal hexagon implants using three-dimensional finite element analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four mathematical models of a central incisor supported by an implant were created: External Regular model (ER) with 5.0 mm × 11.5 mm external hexagon implant and 5.0 mm abutment (0% abutment shifting), Internal Regular model (IR) with 4.5 mm × 11.5 mm internal hexagon implant and 4.5 mm abutment (0% abutment shifting), External Switching model (ES) with 5.0 mm × 11.5 mm external hexagon implant and 4.1 mm abutment (18% abutment shifting), and Internal Switching model (IS) with 4.5 mm × 11.5 mm internal hexagon implant and 3.8 mm abutment (15% abutment shifting). The models were created by SolidWorks software. The numerical analysis was performed using ANSYS Workbench. Oblique forces (100 N) were applied to the palatal surface of the central incisor. The maximum (σ(max)) and minimum (σ(min)) principal stress, equivalent von Mises stress (σ(vM)), and maximum principal elastic strain (ε(max)) values were evaluated for the cortical and trabecular bone. RESULTS: For cortical bone, the highest stress values (σ(max) and σ(vm) ) (MPa) were observed in IR (87.4 and 82.3), followed by IS (83.3 and 72.4), ER (82 and 65.1), and ES (56.7 and 51.6). For ε(max), IR showed the highest stress (5.46e-003), followed by IS (5.23e-003), ER (5.22e-003), and ES (3.67e-003). For the trabecular bone, the highest stress values (σ(max)) (MPa) were observed in ER (12.5), followed by IS (12), ES (11.9), and IR (4.95). For σ(vM), the highest stress values (MPa) were observed in IS (9.65), followed by ER (9.3), ES (8.61), and IR (5.62). For ε(max) , ER showed the highest stress (5.5e-003), followed by ES (5.43e-003), IS (3.75e-003), and IR (3.15e-003). CONCLUSION: The influence of platform switching was more evident for cortical bone than for trabecular bone, mainly for the external hexagon implants. In addition, the external hexagon implants showed less stress concentration in the regular and switching platforms in comparison to the internal hexagon implants.
Assuntos
Projeto do Implante Dentário-Pivô/métodos , Implantes Dentários/classificação , Análise de Elementos Finitos , Maxila/anatomia & histologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Simulação por Computador , Coroas , Dente Suporte/classificação , Porcelana Dentária/química , Planejamento de Prótese Dentária , Análise do Estresse Dentário , Módulo de Elasticidade , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Incisivo , Teste de Materiais , Modelos Biológicos , Osseointegração/fisiologia , Cimentos de Resina/química , Estresse Mecânico , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
El presente artículo de revisión hace referencia a los distintos sistemas de pilares que existen hoy en día en el mercado, mencionando su clasificación, criterios para seleccionarlos y sus características principales e indicaciones. Se incluyen estudios comparativos entre los diferentes sistemas de pilares, resaltando cuáles son sus ventajas y desventajas. Además se hace mención al sistema CAD-CAM como una alternativa de alta confiabilidad y menor tiempo clínico para la confección de estos aditamentos.
The present article reviews the different systems of abutments that exist nowadays in the market, their classification, selection criteria, and their basic characteristics and indications. Comparative studies between the different systems of abutments are included, focusing on their advantages and disadvantages. Also, the CAD-CAM system is mentioned as an alternative of high reliability and less clinical time for the fabrication of these components.
Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador/instrumentação , Implantes Dentários , Dente Suporte , Dente Suporte/classificaçãoRESUMO
Implant dentistry has become an integral treatment modality in the restoration of the complete and partially edentulous patient. Most practitioners have been educated by manufacturer-sponsored courses oriented to the use of a specific implant system. The ever-increasing number of implant systems has made the names of many implant components product-unique and confusing. Fortunately, a prosthetic continuity exists between most implant systems. A generic terminology for endosseous root-form prosthodontics is presented that allows effective communication between members of the profession.