RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The Neubauer hemocytometer, as well as the Makler chamber, are devices commonly used in andrology laboratories. The present study aimed to verify if both methods yield comparable results, and whether they can be used interchangeably to determine sperm concentration. METHODS: Sperm and latex beads concentration measurements were performed with the Neubauer hemocytometer and the Makler chamber. Fixed and proportional biases were estimated, and the method agreement was determined by assessing sperm concentration results with the Bland and Altman plot. The Coefficient of Variation (CV) and relative bias were calculated as an index of precision and accuracy, respectively, by measuring latex beads target concentrations in both chambers. RESULTS: The Makler chamber systematically overestimated the Neubauer hemocytometer concentration measurements by a mean of -7.99%, with limits of agreement (LOA) between -41% to 25.61% (p<0.001). The fixed bias was found for concentration values inferior to 40 x 106/ml range (p<0.001), but not higher concentration results (p>0.05). Measurements with the Neubauer hemocytometer showed the greatest consistency in the study with the CV ranging from 3.01% to 6.67%; while the CV with the Makler chamber ranged from 8.46% to 25.64%. The relative bias for the Neubauer hemocytometer determinations varied from 0.12% to 8.40%, while for the Makler chamber varied from 7.6% to an overestimation of 38.0%. CONCLUSIONS: Measurements made with the Makler chamber demonstrated more variability and a higher degree of overestimation. The Makler chamber is a poor substitute to the Neubauer hemocytometer for evaluation of oligozoospermic samples, although both chambers render similar results for highly concentrated samples.
Assuntos
Análise do Sêmen , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Humanos , Masculino , Contagem de Espermatozoides/instrumentação , Contagem de Espermatozoides/normas , Contagem de Espermatozoides/métodos , Análise do Sêmen/métodos , Análise do Sêmen/normas , Análise do Sêmen/instrumentação , Espermatozoides/citologia , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
The methanolic extract of Buchholzia coriacea seeds (MEBC) has been reported to induce male reproductive toxicity by decreasing sperm parameters and fertility index. To elucidate the possible mechanism(s), the effects of graded doses of MEBC on sex hormones and sperm profile were investigated in this study. The MEBC (e.g., 50, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) was administered daily (p.o.) to male Wistar rats for 6 weeks, while a concurrent control group received distilled water (vehicle). Then, the animals were sacrificed under sodium pentobarbital anaesthesia. Weights of organs were recorded, and the sperm profile was determined microscopically. Testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were assayed from the obtained serum using the ELISA technique. Sperm motility was significantly reduced by MEBC (i.e., 50 and 200 mg/kg), and sperm count reduced in all treated groups in a dose-dependent manner compared with that of the control. Serum testosterone, LH, and FSH decreased in treated rats. A histopathological examination of testes showed a considerable depletion and necrosis of the epithelium of seminiferous tubules. The result suggests that Buchholzia coriacea seeds induce male reproductive toxicity by suppressing the pituitary-gonadal axis.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Cola , Capparaceae/classificação , Contagem de Espermatozoides/instrumentação , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/instrumentação , Hormônio Luteinizante/análise , Fertilidade , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/análiseRESUMO
Abstract Cases of some grave side effects of some allopathic medicines used in treatment of infertility has caused a global need for alternatives with minimal or no side effect, hence the demand to evaluate the fertility enhancing potential of omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) in male rats. This study evaluated the fertility enhancing potential of omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) in male rats. Seventy-two sexually mature male albino rats 11-13 weeks of age, weighing between 171 - 180 g were assigned into six groups (I - VI) fed graded doses of O3FA. Administration of O3FA lasted twenty-eight days at 48 hour intervals. At the end of the treatment, organosomatic index of testes, testicular and epididymis sperm cells counts and testicular histology were assessed following standard methods. The actual and relative testicular weights, testicular and epididymis sperm counts of all O3FA treated rats were significantly increased (p < 0.05) when compared with the control group rats. The photomicrographs of testes in O3FA treated rats showed normal spermatogonial cell layers and active spermatogenesis with appearance of spermatids in the lumen of some tubules. The findings of this study depicts that O3FA possesses the potency of enhancing various fertility indices in male rats with regards to absolute and relative testicular weights as well as sperm counts.
Assuntos
Animais , Contagem de Espermatozoides/instrumentação , Testículo/anatomia & histologia , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/uso terapêutico , Infertilidade Masculina/tratamento farmacológico , Ratos WistarRESUMO
ABSTRACT Aegle marmelos (L.) (Rutaceae) commonly known as bael is an important medicinal fruit tree. The present study focused on the effects of aqueous extract of Aegle marmelos (AEAM) on the testis and sperm characteristics induced by cyclophosphamide (CPA) in mice. Thirty six adult Parke's strain mice were divided into six groups: group I given only distilled water (control); group II administered with AEAM alone once in a week for five weeks; group III administered with CPA (200 mg/kg b.w., intraperitoneally) once in a week for five weeks and group IV-VI CPA along with AEAM (400, 500 and 600 mg/kg b.w., orally). CPA was found to reduce gonadosomatic index (GSI), sperm counts, motility, viability, antioxidant activities and induced histopathological changes of testis. In the group administered AEAM with CPA an exacerbation of sperm count, motility and viability of the cauda epididymis, GSI, antioxidant activities and architecture of testis was observed. The results suggest that the administration of AEAM may aggravate CPA-induced reproductive toxicity. It may be helpful in preparation of natural male contraceptives.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Aegle/efeitos adversos , Plantas Medicinais/classificação , Reprodução/imunologia , Contagem de Espermatozoides/instrumentação , Testículo , Ciclofosfamida/farmacologiaRESUMO
The correct measurement of spermatic concentration in boar semen is one of the basic tasks routinely performed at the Swine Artificial Insemination Center (CIAS). This article explains two experiments whose objectives were: Experiment 1: This trial had two objectives: (1) to evaluate the precision of the spermdensimeter (SPM) with relation to the Neubauer count chamber (CN) which is considered the standard technique in the field and (2) to correct the scale on the SPM table. Experiment 2: This trial also had two objectives: (1) to evaluate the time and repetitions required in the SPM and (2) to compare the SPM adjusted table produced in Expt 1 with the SPM standard table. The methods in Expt 1 were used to measure total spermatic concentration in 141 boar ejaculates. The average spermatic concentrations (10(6) spermatozoids/ml) and average dose number were 229.1 and 22.6 for CN, and 283.6 and 28.0 for SPM. These results indicate that the SPM has a tendency to overestimate spermatic concentration with relation to the CN. The SPM produced a smaller coefficient of variation and needed lesser examination time than the CN (p < 0.05). The SPM adjusted table created in Expt 1 produced similar results as the SPM and CN standard tables (2.96 billion live spermatozoids/dose vs 2.36 billion live spermatozoids/dose). Incorporation and evaluation of supplemental data from other CIAS regarding the use of the SPM adjusted table in the field entitled 'Adjusted Table for Karras Spermdensimeter LPS-FMVZ-USP' would be valuable to prove its efficiency.
Assuntos
Contagem de Espermatozoides/veterinária , Suínos/fisiologia , Animais , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Inseminação Artificial/normas , Inseminação Artificial/veterinária , Masculino , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sêmen/citologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Contagem de Espermatozoides/instrumentação , Contagem de Espermatozoides/métodosRESUMO
La evaluación y tratamiento integral del varón infértil es requisito indispensable para el logro de embarazos, No siempre se consigue conocer la cuasa de la infertilidad masculina. La evaluación convencional y funcional del semen según los criterios actualizados de la Organización Mundial de la Salud nos premite dar un diagnóstico y tratamiento más adecuado y científicos a la pareja infértil. Estos criterios se han constituido en la referencia estándar para todos los laboratorios que analizan muestras de semen humano. Las técnicas de reproducción asistida permiten a los hombres infértiles, en un procentaje muy alto, realizar sus deseos de paternidad biológica. En este módulo se definen las características normales y anormales del semen y se describen los diferentes procedimientos que componen un espermograma completo; además, se presentanlas indicaciones y la interpretacion de sus resultados.