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Platelet rich plasma samples from 50 healthy horses of five different breeds (Thoroughbreds - TB, Brazilian Criollo Horses - BCH, Brazilian Sport Horses - BSH, Miniature Horses - MH and Crossbred Horses - CB), were investigated as to breed, age, and gender effect for platelet concentration. Moreover, a score for physical analysis was established to correlate PRP physical aspect with platelet count. Platelet count was performed by an automatic hematology analyzer and by manual count. PRP physical analysis was based on color, aspect, and capacity to separate blood components. MH showed significant higher platelet concentration than BSH (p<0.05), while the other breed comparisons showed no significant difference. There was no significant difference for gender but there was a weak correlation of age with PRP platelet concentrations (rs = -0.24). Most of the PRP presented yellow color, the separation of blood components showed no correlation, but the aspect showed a moderate correlation (rs = 0.30) with platelet count. Results suggest that PRP platelet concentration can be influenced by intrinsic factors such as breed. Additionally, the analysis of PRP aspect can help to evaluate the quality of the product when there is no access to platelet counts.

Amostras de plasma rico em plaquetas de 50 cavalos saudáveis, de cinco raças diferentes (Puro Sangue de Corrida, Crioula, Brasileiro de Hipismo, Pônei Brasileiro e sem raça definida), foram investigadas quanto à concentração plaquetária em relação à raça, à idade e ao sexo. Além disso, um escore foi estabelecido para correlacionar o aspecto físico do PRP com a contagem plaquetária. A contagem celular foi realizada por um analisador hematológico automático e pelo método manual. A análise física baseou-se na cor, no aspecto e na capacidade de separar hemocomponentes. Pôneis tiveram concentração plaquetária significativamente maior que os Brasileiros de Hipismo (P<0,05), mas as demais comparações entre raças não apresentaram diferença quanto à contagem plaquetária. Não houve diferença para o gênero, mas a idade demonstrou correlação fraca com as concentrações plaquetárias do PRP (rs = -0,24). A maioria dos PRPs apresentaram coloração amarela, e a separação dos hemocomponentes não mostrou correlação com a contagem plaquetária, mas o aspecto apresentou uma correlação moderada (rs = 0,30). Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a concentração plaquetária do PRP pode ser influenciada por fatores intrínsecos, como a raça. Além disso, a análise do aspecto do PRP pode ajudar na avaliação da qualidade do produto quando não há acesso à contagem plaquetária.

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Canine obesity is associated with genetic, environmental, and behavioural factors, with the latter including both the behaviour of the dog and the owner. Knowledge about owner perception of canine obesity and its treatment can inform the development of new strategies to help prevent and manage this disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the opinions of dog owners regarding canine obesity and weight management. Dog owners residing in the city of Sao Paulo (Brazil) completed a questionnaire, either at home or in the waiting rooms of 3 veterinary hospitals. Owners determined their dog's body condition score (BCS), and this was compared with BCS determined by a veterinarian. Questionnaire findings from dogs that were in overweight (BCS 6-7/9) or obese (BCS (8-9/9) condition were compared with those in ideal weight (4-5/9) using chi-square tests and odds ratios. A total of 926 dogs were included, of which 480 (52%), 317 (34%) and 129 (14%) were in ideal, overweight and obese condition, respectively. Many owners under-estimated their dog's weight status, with the proportion increasing as the dog's weight status increased (ideal 60/480, 13%; overweight 174/317, 55%; obese 88/129, 68%; P<0.001). Although most owners (890/926, 96%) believed that canine obesity could pose health risks, the proportion that disagreed increased as weight status increased (ideal 12/480, 2%; overweight 14/317, 4%; 10/129, 8%; P = 0.006). Finally, although most owners (880/926, 95%) stated that they would let their dog undergo weight management, only a minority (182/926; 20%) believed that a trained professional was needed, and they had various misperceptions including potential cost and what the strategies that would be effective. Based on the findings of this study, it would be advisable for veterinarians to spend time addressing these misperceptions, in the hope of both improving awareness of obesity and the outcomes of weight management.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of carvedilol treatment and a regimen of supervised aerobic exercise training on quality of life and other clinical, echocardiographic, and biochemical variables in a group of client-owned dogs with chronic mitral valve disease (CMVD). Ten healthy dogs (control) and 36 CMVD dogs were studied, with the latter group divided into 3 subgroups. In addition to conventional treatment (benazepril, 0.3-0.5 mg/kg once a day, and digoxin, 0.0055 mg/kg twice daily), 13 dogs received exercise training (subgroup I; 10.3 ± 2.1 years), 10 dogs received carvedilol (0.3 mg/kg twice daily) and exercise training (subgroup II; 10.8 ± 1.7 years), and 13 dogs received only carvedilol (subgroup III; 10.9 ± 2.1 years). All drugs were administered orally. Clinical, laboratory, and Doppler echocardiographic variables were evaluated at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. Exercise training was conducted from months 3-6. The mean speed rate during training increased for both subgroups I and II (ANOVA, P>0.001), indicating improvement in physical conditioning at the end of the exercise period. Quality of life and functional class was improved for all subgroups at the end of the study. The N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level increased in subgroup I from baseline to 3 months, but remained stable after training introduction (from 3 to 6 months). For subgroups II and III, NT-proBNP levels remained stable during the entire study. No difference was observed for the other variables between the three evaluation periods. The combination of carvedilol or exercise training with conventional treatment in CMVD dogs led to improvements in quality of life and functional class. Therefore, light walking in CMVD dogs must be encouraged.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of carvedilol treatment and a regimen of supervised aerobic exercise training on quality of life and other clinical, echocardiographic, and biochemical variables in a group of client-owned dogs with chronic mitral valve disease (CMVD). Ten healthy dogs (control) and 36 CMVD dogs were studied, with the latter group divided into 3 subgroups. In addition to conventional treatment (benazepril, 0.3-0.5 mg/kg once a day, and digoxin, 0.0055 mg/kg twice daily), 13 dogs received exercise training (subgroup I; 10.3±2.1 years), 10 dogs received carvedilol (0.3 mg/kg twice daily) and exercise training (subgroup II; 10.8±1.7 years), and 13 dogs received only carvedilol (subgroup III; 10.9±2.1 years). All drugs were administered orally. Clinical, laboratory, and Doppler echocardiographic variables were evaluated at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. Exercise training was conducted from months 3-6. The mean speed rate during training increased for both subgroups I and II (ANOVA, P>0.001), indicating improvement in physical conditioning at the end of the exercise period. Quality of life and functional class was improved for all subgroups at the end of the study. The N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level increased in subgroup I from baseline to 3 months, but remained stable after training introduction (from 3 to 6 months). For subgroups II and III, NT-proBNP levels remained stable during the entire study. No difference was observed for the other variables between the three evaluation periods. The combination of carvedilol or exercise training with conventional treatment in CMVD dogs led to improvements in quality of life and functional class. Therefore, light walking in CMVD dogs must be encouraged.

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The current cages commonly used in animal experiments can prevent rats from engaging in most forms of natural locomotion behaviors. These animals tend to exhibit sedentary habits. Here, we show that a combination of wide housing space and training exercise helps to reduce white adipose mass and to increase brown adipose mass. Thus, this combination is a useful strategy for truly enhancing the physical fitness of captive rats commonly used in exercise-related interventional studies and to maximize their welfare.

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A vaquejada é uma modalidade esportiva bastante difundida no Nordeste brasileiro, abrangendo de animais de raças puras a mestiços, assim, é importante a análise biométrica dos animais que participam dessa prática para definição dos parâmetros morfométricos. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar os parâmetros biométricos obtidos através do diâmetro torácico e comprimento corporal, a fim de estimar o índice corpóreo e o peso vivo verdadeiro de animais de vaquejada. Foram analisados 1289 animais, entre agosto de 2009 à abril de 2010, onde 70,98% eram machos e 29,02% fêmeas, não havendo diferença entre os parâmetros em relação ao sexo do animal, porém com aumento gradativo desses parâmetros quando relacionados à idade. Esses fatores, associados a sua biometria, favoreceram as raças citadas para as provas de vaquejada.

The vaquejada is a sport modality widespread in the Brazilian Northeast, ranging from pure-bred animals, to crossbred animals, so it is very important the biometric analysis of the animals involved in this practice to define the morphometric parameters. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the biometric parameters obtained through the chest diameter and body length, through the chest diameter and body length in order to estimate the body's rate and body's weight true. 1289 animal data were analyzed, from August 2009 to April 2010, where 70.98% were males and 29.02% were females, with no difference between the parameters in relation to sex of the animal, but with gradual increase of these parameters when related to age. These factors, associated with biometrics, favors the race for running events with a cowboy.

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Nos últimos anos vem sendo dada especial atenção à interação entre nutrição, exercício físíco estado fisiológico, porém, há controvérsias e escassez de dados quanto a influência do exercício sobre a lactação, tanto em humanos quanto em animais. A importância de uma nutrição adequada sobretudo nesta fase deve ser considerada, uma vez que, a desnutrição não é consequência apenas da baixa renda da população mas, também, acomete classes mais favorecidas economicamente. Este fato é resultante de hábitos alimentares errôneos, regimes alimentares severos para perda de peso neste período considerado vulnerável, bem como dos efeitos fisiológicos da prática de exercício. Assim este trabalho objetivou estudar a influência do exercício físico sobre a lactação de ratas desnutridas pela Dieta Básica Regional (DBR) e sua repercussão sobre as ninhadas. Utilizou-se ratas Wistar, primíparas do Biotério de Criação do Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental do Departamento de Nutrição da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, com 120 dias de idade, as quais foram acasaladas e mantidas em dois grupos quanto a dieta: Padrão (Labina) e DBR, com 23 e 8 por cento de proteína, respectivamente. Subdivididas, ao parirem, em quatro subgrupos: Padrão Exercitado (PE), Padrão Sedentário (PS), Desnutrido Exercitado (DE) e Desnutrido Sedentário (DS). Todas receberam ração e água ad libitum durante a gestão e a lactação, onde permaneceram em gaiolas individuais. No 4º dia de lactação padronizou-se as ninhadas para 6 filhotes inciando-se o exercício (PE e DE) que consistiu em natação num tanque com capacidade para 500 l, com água na temperatura de 30-32ºC, 1 hora/dia, por 5 dias consecutivos e dois de intervalo, até o desmame (21º dia). Nos dias 4,8, 12, 14 e 21 foram registrados os consumos hídrico, alimentar; pesos corporais das fêmeas e ninhadas...

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