RESUMO
We used a quantitative human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) culture method to determine whether there is a relationship between the amount of replicating virus in the blood of vertically infected children and the relatively short latency period before development of symptomatic disease in these children. HIV-1 titers were determined by end point dilution in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the plasma of 30 infected (CDC class P1 and P2), 36 indeterminate (CDC class PO), and 19 uninfected (CDC class P3) infants and children born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers. HIV-1 was recovered from 35 (90%) of 39 PBMC cultures and 23 (60%) of 38 plasma cultures of infected patients not receiving antiretroviral therapy. The mean HIV-1 titers tended to be higher in patients with more advanced disease (P2, D, E, or F: 1760 TCID/10(6) PBMC, 460 TCID/ml plasma) than in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients (P1; P2, A or C: 90 TCID/10(6) PBMC; 60 TCID/ml plasma). A poor correlation between HIV-1 titers and serum p24 antigen levels was found. No correlation was observed between viral titers and relative or absolute numbers of CD4 lymphocytes. Plasma virus titers were lower in 9 patients receiving zidovudine (ZDV) therapy (mean 2 TCID/ml) than in untreated patients of similar clinical status. The viral titers measured in the blood of vertically infected infants and children were on the same order of magnitude as the viral titers measured in HIV-infected adults. We conclude that the relatively rapid progression to symptomatic disease of the majority of vertically infected patients is not due to a higher load of replicating virus in blood.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/microbiologia , Soropositividade para HIV/microbiologia , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/sangue , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/microbiologia , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/transmissão , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/sangue , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/microbiologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/transmissão , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Produtos do Gene gag/sangue , Antígenos HIV/sangue , Proteína do Núcleo p24 do HIV , Infecções por HIV/sangue , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , Soropositividade para HIV/sangue , Soropositividade para HIV/transmissão , HIV-1/imunologia , Humanos , Lactente , Contagem de Leucócitos , Sepse/sangue , Sepse/microbiologia , Sepse/transmissão , Proteínas do Core Viral/sangueRESUMO
This article looks at the history, development, progress and research of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) which causes AIDS. The author reports of the ongoing research into a vaccine for HIV, he examines the viral life cycle and indicates the points at which the virus can be attacked, and classifies antiviral strategies
Assuntos
HIV , Infecções por HIV/classificação , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/história , Infecções por HIV/terapia , HIV-2/análise , HIV-2/classificação , HIV-2/crescimento & desenvolvimento , HIV-2/isolamento & purificação , HIV-2/patogenicidade , HIV-1/análise , HIV-1/classificação , HIV-1/crescimento & desenvolvimento , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , HIV-1/patogenicidade , Sistema Imunitário/patologia , HIV , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/tratamento farmacológico , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/etnologia , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/etiologia , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/história , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/terapia , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/transmissão , Vacinas/administração & dosagem , Vacinas/efeitos adversos , Vacinas/análise , Vacinas/classificação , Vacinas/diagnóstico , Vacinas/imunologia , Vacinas/farmacologia , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Virais/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Virais/classificação , Vacinas Virais/diagnóstico , Vacinas Virais/farmacologia , Vacinas Virais/uso terapêutico , Soropositividade para HIV , Produtos do Gene tat/análise , Produtos do Gene tat/classificação , Produtos do Gene tat/diagnóstico , Produtos do Gene tat/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
From 1980 to 1987, 15 children infected by HIV were born in Guyana from seropositive Haitian mothers. All these children presented the classical picture of HIV infection associated with a chronic extensive prurigo (7/15). There were 8 AIDS and 7 ARC cases. Five infants (4 AIDS, 1 ARC) died during the first year of life. There were 2 different clinical forms: 1) a severe form with cryptosporidium diarrhea and severe neurologic disturbance (one infant who died from neonatal AIDS at 3 months of age); 2) a prolonged form lasting several years complicated with infections, mainly localised to the lung.