RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Vardenafil enhances dilatation of vascular smooth muscle and inhibits platelet aggregation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of vardenafil and pentoxifylline administration in an experimental model of ischemic colitis. METHODS: Forty female Wistar albino rats weighing 250-300 g were randomized into five experimental groups (each with nâ=â8) as follows:1) a sham group subjected to a sham surgical procedure and administered only tap water; 2) a control group subjected to a standardized surgical procedure to induce ischemic colitis and administered only tap water; 3) and 4) treatment groups subjected to surgical induction of ischemic colitis followed by the postoperative administration of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg vardenafil, respectively; and 5) a treatment group subjected to surgical induction of ischemic colitis followed by postoperative administration of pentoxifylline at 50 mg/kg/day per day as a single dose for a 3-day period. All animals were sacrificed at 72 h post-surgery and subjected to relaparotomy. We scored the macroscopically visible damage, measured the ischemic area and scored histopathology to determine the severity of ischemia. Tissue malondialdehyde levels were also quantified. RESULTS: The mean Gomella ischemic areas were 63.3 mm2 in the control group; 3.4 and 9.6 mm2 in the vardenafil 5 and vardenafil 10 groups, respectively; and 3.4 mm2 in the pentoxifylline group (pâ=â0.0001). The mean malondialdehyde values were 63.7 nmol/g in the control group; 25.3 and 25.6 nmol/g in the vardenafil 5 and vardenafil 10 groups, respectively; and 22.8 nmol/g in the pentoxifylline group (pâ=â0.0001). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that vardenafil and pentoxifylline are effective treatment options in an animal model of ischemic colitis. The positive clinical effects produced by these drugs are likely due to their influence on the hemodynamics associated with vascular smooth muscle and platelet functions.
Assuntos
Colite Isquêmica/tratamento farmacológico , Imidazóis/administração & dosagem , Pentoxifilina/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Fosfodiesterase 5/administração & dosagem , Piperazinas/administração & dosagem , Animais , Colite Isquêmica/patologia , Colite Isquêmica/cirurgia , Colo/patologia , Colo/cirurgia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Hemodinâmica/efeitos dos fármacos , Malondialdeído/análise , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Wistar , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sulfonas/administração & dosagem , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Triazinas/administração & dosagem , Dicloridrato de VardenafilaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Vardenafil enhances dilatation of vascular smooth muscle and inhibits platelet aggregation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of vardenafil and pentoxifylline administration in an experimental model of ischemic colitis. METHODS: Forty female Wistar albino rats weighing 250-300 g were randomized into five experimental groups (each with n = 8) as follows:1) a sham group subjected to a sham surgical procedure and administered only tap water; 2) a control group subjected to a standardized surgical procedure to induce ischemic colitis and administered only tap water; 3) and 4) treatment groups subjected to surgical induction of ischemic colitis followed by the postoperative administration of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg vardenafil, respectively; and 5) a treatment group subjected to surgical induction of ischemic colitis followed by postoperative administration of pentoxifylline at 50 mg/kg/day per day as a single dose for a 3-day period. All animals were sacrificed at 72 h post-surgery and subjected to relaparotomy. We scored the macroscopically visible damage, measured the ischemic area and scored histopathology to determine the severity of ischemia. Tissue malondialdehyde levels were also quantified. RESULTS: The mean Gomella ischemic areas were 63.3 mm2 in the control group; 3.4 and 9.6 mm2 in the vardenafil 5 and vardenafil 10 groups, respectively; and 3.4 mm2 in the pentoxifylline group (p = 0.0001). The mean malondialdehyde values were 63.7 nmol/g in the control group; 25.3 and 25.6 nmol/g in the vardenafil 5 and vardenafil 10 groups, respectively; and 22.8 nmol/g in the pentoxifylline group (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that vardenafil and pentoxifylline are effective treatment options in an animal model of ischemic colitis. The positive clinical effects produced by these drugs are likely due to their influence on the hemodynamics associated ...
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Colite Isquêmica/tratamento farmacológico , Imidazóis/administração & dosagem , Pentoxifilina/administração & dosagem , /administração & dosagem , Piperazinas/administração & dosagem , Colite Isquêmica/patologia , Colite Isquêmica/cirurgia , Colo/patologia , Colo/cirurgia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Hemodinâmica/efeitos dos fármacos , Malondialdeído/análise , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Wistar , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sulfonas/administração & dosagem , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Triazinas/administração & dosagemRESUMO
PURPOSE: Evaluate the effects of iloprost administration in the early period of ischemic colitis and the mechanism that how these effects develop. METHODS: Thirty two Wistar albino female rats with an average weight of 220g were divided into four groups of eight rats. In group 1 the rats were given iloprost and sacrificed after 24 hours and in group 2 they were sacrificed after 24 hours without any iloprost. The rats in group 3 were administrated iloprost and sacrificed after 72 hours and in group 4 they were sacrificed at 72th hour without iloprost. The differences between the groups as tissue damage, vascularization or apoptosis were assessed statistically. RESULTS: Oxidative damage and apoptosis were less pronounced and vascularization was better developed in rats that were given iloprost and sacrificed at 24th hour later in contrast to the rats that were not treated with iloprost. But there was no statistical difference among the groups at 72th hour. CONCLUSION: Iloprost inhibited leucocyte infiltration, decreased proinflammatory cytokines and enhanced angiogenesis so that the oxidative stress and inflammatory response decreased resulting in lesser tissue damage.
Assuntos
Colite Isquêmica/tratamento farmacológico , Iloprosta/uso terapêutico , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/uso terapêutico , Animais , Colite Isquêmica/patologia , Colite Isquêmica/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Ischemic colitis has been associated with advanced age, cardiovascular disease, drug therapy and vascular surgery. It is an uncommon condition in the general population, but we think that not all cases are being recognized. These three patients, over 70 years old, were admitted with abdominal cramps and mild lower digestive bleeding . Clinical suspicion and early use of colonoscopy was helpful to establish the diagnosis. In these cases the recovery was uneventful, but in some others, severe complications and mortality can occur.
Assuntos
Colite Isquêmica/patologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
Ischemic colitis is a well-recognized complication occurring in renal transplant recipients. It has often been associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) vasculitis. However, the diagnosis of this pathology in the absence of CMV suggests that other etiological factors might be involved. Drugs inducing mesenteric vasoconstriction, such as non-steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cyclosporine could be related to this entity.
Assuntos
Colite Isquêmica/etiologia , Colo/patologia , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Colite Isquêmica/patologia , Colite Isquêmica/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Rim/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-OperatóriasRESUMO
We report a 29 years old male, with a history of cocaine abuse and excessive alcohol intake, who was admitted to the hospital with an acute peritonitis. The patient was operated and multiple perforations of the cecum were found. A right hemicolectomy was performed and the pathological study of the surgical piece showed an ischemic colitis. A literature review reveals 22 reported cases of ischemic colitis associated to cocaine abuse
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Cocaína/efeitos adversos , Colite Isquêmica/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Cocaína/complicações , Peritonite , Ceco , Colectomia , Alcoolismo , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Cocaína/administração & dosagem , Colite Isquêmica/diagnóstico , Colite Isquêmica/patologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de CocaínaRESUMO
La colitis isquémica (CI) es la forma más común de injuria isquémica al tracto gastrointestinal, dada por una insuficiencia circulatoria del colon lo cual causa varios grados de necrosis tisular local, con o sin repercuciones sistémicas sin poder predecir el curso final de la enfermedad. Con el objeto de identificar los grupos de población susceptibles de sufrir esta patología, sus patrones de presentacion y sus complicaciones. Se realizó una revisión retrospectiva de quince casos (8 hombres, 7 mujeres), diagnosticados como CI por el Servicio de Cirugía y Endoscopia Colorrectal (SCECR) del Hospital Militar Central en un periodo comprendido entre enero de 1989 y enero del 2000. Se encontró que la hipertensión arterial y otras enfermedades cardiovasculares son los antecedentes patológicos asociados más frecuentes (73 por ciento). El tiempo transcurrido entre el inicio de los síntomas y el diagnóstico fue de 10,6 días (1-30). El examen de elección para el diagnóstico es la colonoscopia y el encontrar lesiones ulceradas circunferenciales son signos ominosos