RESUMO
Young women in Jamaica face significant risk for HIV and other STIs. A clearer understanding of the factors associated with sexual experience and unprotected intercourse is needed. Data were collected from 330 adolescent females aged 13 to 17 recruited through community based organizations in Kingston, Jamaica, from 2009-2011. Nearly one-third of sexually experienced participants reported not using a condom the last time they had sex. Characteristics associated with sexual experience included older age, marijuana use, and less comfort talking to mother about sexual topics. Characteristics associated with condom use included perceived importance of religion, positive attitudes toward condoms, and not-having multiple sexual partners. Sexually experienced Jamaican female adolescents were engaging in behaviors that made them vulnerable to HIV and other STIs. Interventions with young adolescent girls and their mothers are recommended to postpone sexual debut and promote safer sexual behaviors in those who do engage in sex.
Assuntos
Preservativos/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Colestase/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Jamaica/epidemiologia , Relações Mãe-Filho , Pneumonia/psicologia , Comportamento Sexual/psicologia , Parceiros Sexuais/psicologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/psicologia , Sexo sem Proteção/psicologia , Sexo sem Proteção/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Introducción: El Síndrome de Alagille corresponde a una alteración autosómica dominante con expresión variable. Se caracteriza por colestasis crónica con escasez de los conductos biliares interlobulares asociada a alteraciones cardiovasculares, oftálmicas, sistema esquelético, riñones y facies característica. Su distribución es mundial con frecuencia de 1 por cada 100000 nacidos vivos. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas, la evolución y la sobrevida de catorce pacientes, con diagnóstico de Síndrome de Alagille atendidos en un período de 16 años en Medellín, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Es un trabajo observacional descriptivo de reporte de casos de los hallazgos morfológicos y la evolución de los pacientes con diagnóstico de Síndrome de Alagille. Resultados: Grupo compuesto por ocho niños y seis niñas, con edades entre los dos meses y los diez años al momento de diagnóstico. El síndrome completo se presentó en 28%. Los hallazgos más frecuentes, estenosis valvular de la arteria pulmonar y la alteración vertebral se presentaron en el 79%. Tres pacientes 21%, fallecieron, uno de ellos después de recibir trasplante hepático. De los once sobrevivientes dos niñas fueron sometidas a trasplante y se encuentran en buenas condiciones. Los nueve restantes padecen hepatopatía colestásica crónica y reciben tratamiento médico. Conclusión: El Síndrome de Alagille se debe tener en cuenta en el diagnóstico de colestasis crónica infantil. Para establecer la distribución y frecuencia de esta enfermedad en nuestro país es necesario desarrollar investigaciones que idealmente incluyan el estudio de la mutación genética en los pacientes y su familia cercana.
Introduction: The Alagille Syndrome is an autosomic dominant disorder with variable expression. Chronic cholestasis, characteristic facial appearance and abnormalities heart, skeleton, eye, kydnes with hypoplasia of the biliary ducts. Initial description in France, with mundial distribution her frecuence is 1/100000. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristic and evolutions of fourteen patients with diagnosis Alagille Syndrome in Medellín Colombia. Materials and methods: Descriptive retrospective study with variables obtained from clinical records of patients with diagnosis Alagille Syndrome. Results: Eight boys and six girls. The age at diagnosis varied two months at nine years. Complete syndrome was present in 28%. The most frecuent alterations were valvular stenosis pulmonary artery and failure of anterior vertebral arch fusion (butterfly vertebrae) 79%. The clinical evolution was variable, death occurred in three patients 21%, one girl post liver transplantation. Nine children had chronic hepatopathy controlled with medical treatment and two girls had liver transplantation with satisfactory evolution. Conclusions: In Colombia, the poblational incidence is not defined it is necessary to know the distribution of syndrome at future study.