RESUMO
The mean time to peak absorption of cyclosporine (CsA) in liver transplant patients is approximately 2 hours, but in some patients the peak occurs later. The goal of this study was, therefore, to investigate the incidence of delayed absorption in 27 de novo liver transplant recipients receiving CsA > or =10 mg/kg/day (C(2) monitoring) and in 15 maintenance patients. Patients were categorized as 'normal' absorbers (C(2) exceeding C(4) and C(6)) or 'delayed' absorbers (C(4) or C(6) exceeding C(2)), and as 'good' (>800 ng/mL at C(0), C(2), C(4), or C(6)) or 'poor' absorbers (C(0), C(2), C(4) and C(6) <800 ng/mL) on the day of study. Among de novo patients, 15 (56%) had 'normal' CsA absorption and 12 (44%) 'delayed' absorption. Good CsA absorption occurred in 16 patients (59%) and poor absorption in 11 (41%). The proportion of poor absorbers was similar in patients with normal (6/15, 40%) or delayed (5/12, 42%) absorption. Among the 12 delayed absorbers, 11 had peak CsA concentration at C(4). Mean C(0) level was significantly higher in delayed absorbers (282 +/- 96 ng/mL) than in normal absorbers (185 +/- 88 ng/mL; P = .01). Delayed absorbers reverted to normal absorption (C(2) > C(4)) after a median of 6 days from the day of study, and no cases of delayed absorption were found among maintenance patients. In conclusion, almost 50% of the patients had delayed CsA absorption early posttransplant; around half of these exhibited normal CsA exposure. Measurement of C(4) in addition to C(2) differentiates effectively between delayed and poor absorbers of CsA such that over- or underimmunosuppression can be avoided.
Assuntos
Ciclosporinas/farmacocinética , Imunossupressores/farmacocinética , Transplante de Fígado , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
A dose adequada de ciclosporina e aquela que apresenta satisfatorio efeito imunossupressor associado a baixa toxicidade. Na literatura, as doses utilizadas variam de 2,5 mg/kg a 25 mg/kg em trabalhos experimentais de alotransplantes de tecidos e orgaos. Preferencialmente sao administradas pelas vias subcutanea ou intra-muscular, com intervalos de 24,48 horas e ate sete dias. Neste estudo utilizou-se para a administracao de dose unica de ciclosporina A (CSA), a via subcutanea em 21 ratos que foram divididos em tres grupos com sete animais cada, recebendo 2,5 mg/kg (grupo 1), 5,0 mg/kg (grupo 2) e 10,0 mg/kg (grupo 3). Colheram-se amostras de sangue nos tempos 1, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 e 72 apos a administracao da droga. Efetuou-se ciclosporinemia pelo metodo de radioimunoensaio, Kit SandimmunR monoclonal especifico...
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Ciclosporinas/farmacocinética , Ciclosporinas/administração & dosagem , Ciclosporinas/imunologia , Radioimunoensaio , Ratos Endogâmicos/sangueRESUMO
Dois pacientes com pênfigo vulgar córtico-resistente säo relatados. Ciclosporina foi associada ao corticosteróide e ocorreu resposta marcante em ambos pacientes. Os autores também descrevem a farmacologia, mecanismo de açäo e efeitos colaterais da ciclosporina
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Ciclosporinas/farmacocinética , Hipertensão/induzido quimicamente , Pênfigo/tratamento farmacológico , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Ciclosporinas/efeitos adversos , Diabetes Mellitus/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
Two children with the short-gut syndrome and secondary liver failure were treated with evisceration and transplantation en bloc of the stomach, small intestine, colon, pancreas, and liver. The first patient died perioperatively, but the second lived for more than 6 months before dying of an Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder that caused biliary obstruction and lethal sepsis. There was never evidence of graft rejection or of graft-vs-host disease in the long-surviving child. The constituent organs of the homograft functioned and maintained their morphological integrity throughout the 193 days of survival.