RESUMO
This chapter is based on the memories of those who shaped the relationship between the European and the North American Societies for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. The first joint meeting of the 2 Societies took place in Paris in 1978, followed by 1 in New York in 1985, 1 in Amsterdam in 1990, 1 in Houston in 1994, and the last one in Toulouse in 1998. The formation of the Federation of the International Societies for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (FISPGHAN) preceded the First World Congress of all Societies, which took place in Boston in 2000. The success of this meeting was followed by world congresses in Paris in 2004, Iguassu in 2008, Taiwan in 2012, and Montreal in 2016. NASPGHAN and ESPGHAN jointly took on the direction of the Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition in 1991. Communication between the 2 Societies is extremely active, with members participating in many joint projects.
Assuntos
Ciências da Nutrição Infantil/história , Gastroenterologia/história , Relações Interprofissionais , Pediatria/história , Sociedades Médicas/história , Criança , Ciências da Nutrição Infantil/organização & administração , Congressos como Assunto/história , Congressos como Assunto/organização & administração , Europa (Continente) , Gastroenterologia/organização & administração , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , América do Norte , Pediatria/organização & administração , Sociedades Médicas/organização & administraçãoAssuntos
Distinções e Prêmios , Ciências da Nutrição Infantil/história , Gastroenterologia/história , Falência Hepática Aguda/terapia , Pediatria/história , Adolescente , Criança , Ciências da Nutrição Infantil/educação , Gastroenterologia/educação , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Falência Hepática Aguda/história , Pediatria/educação , Sistema de Registros , Sociedades Médicas , Estados UnidosRESUMO
This article assesses whether early intervention to improve children's health and nutrition increases the probability of enrolling in primary school on time. Using experimental data from the Mexican conditional cash transfer (CCT) program, Oportunidades, a cross-sectional double-difference estimator on observations from two age cohorts of children is used to identify the impact of early intervention. The results indicate that early health and nutrition interventions can have a positive impact on the timing of enrollment and that caregiver characteristics affect the magnitude of the impact. Early intervention also appears to decrease days of school missed. Overall the results indicate that the full impact of CCT programs on education cannot be measured in the short run as benefits of early health and nutrition interventions may be also felt in the distant future.