RESUMO
For honey production, beekeepers add one or more supers to the hives to allow honeybees to store their products. However, the increase in hive space can affect the social and health organization in the colony, promoting stress. This study assessed the management of honey production, physicochemical honey properties, population development, and forages immune system gene expression patterns to be used as biomarker for monitoring beekeeping welfare. The treatments comprised 40 beehives divided in four treatments. Treatment 1 - control, supers added according to storage necessity. Treatments 2, 3, and 4 presented two, three, and four supers at the beginning of the experiment, respectively. T1 presented greater honey production (39.4 % increased). No difference in open brood area in the colonies was observed and honey properties and only T2 showed closed brood area higher than the other treatments. Foragers from T4 showed higher catalase and defensin gene expression at the middle-end experiment. Thus, the increasing internal space at the beginning of honey season can affect honey production and immune system of foragers. Catalase and defensin can be used as biomarkers for monitoring honey production welfare.
Assuntos
Animais , Abelhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Biomarcadores Ambientais , Catalase/administração & dosagem , Defensinas/administração & dosagem , Expressão Gênica , Mel/análise , Sistema ImunitárioRESUMO
Background: Most part of ram spermatozoa membrane has unsaturated fatty acids (phospholipids). Membrane structure of cells is composed of double ordered phospholipid layers adorned with mosaic-like protein, glycoprotein and glycolipids. Sperm freezing protocols could be negatively affected on ram sperm motility, viability and acrosome integrity during cryopreservation. For these reasons, researchers were designed their topics has led to the search for effective antioxidant systems against peroxidative damage and spermatozoon dysfunction. There are three protective enzymatic systems against reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage in sperm. These include superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase / reductase cycles. Catalase is a hemo-protein in the enzyme tetramer structure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of trehalose, catalase and their combinations on ram sperm parameters after the cryopreservation/ thawing process.Materials, Methods & Results: At the out of breeding season (March-May) seven rams (1-3 years of age) were used in this study. Ejaculates were collected by electro-ejaculator twice a week. Pooled ejaculates were kept at 37°C, divided into six aliquots, diluted with the Tris based extender containing Trehalose 25 mM (Group-1), Trehalose 50 mM (Group-2), Catalase 200 µg (Group-3), Catalase 400 µg (Group-4), Trehalose 50 mM + Catalase 400 µg (Group-5) and no anti-oxidant (control), respectively, were cooled to 5°C than frozen in 0.25 mL French straws on the nitrogen vapour and stored in liquid nitrogen. The extender supplemented with Group 1 (54.1 ± 1.53; 73.1 ± 4.37), Group 2 (58.3 ± 4.01; 63.1 ± 0.30) and Group 5 (56.6 ± 1.05; 58.3 ± 0.55) resulted in higher subjective motility in comparison to the control (40.0 ± 3.87; 40.5 ± 0.22) group respectively (P < 0.05).[...]
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Análise do Sêmen/veterinária , Catalase/administração & dosagem , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Ovinos , Preservação do Sêmen/veterinária , Trealose/administração & dosagem , Criopreservação/métodos , Criopreservação/tendências , Criopreservação/veterináriaRESUMO
Background: Most part of ram spermatozoa membrane has unsaturated fatty acids (phospholipids). Membrane structure of cells is composed of double ordered phospholipid layers adorned with mosaic-like protein, glycoprotein and glycolipids. Sperm freezing protocols could be negatively affected on ram sperm motility, viability and acrosome integrity during cryopreservation. For these reasons, researchers were designed their topics has led to the search for effective antioxidant systems against peroxidative damage and spermatozoon dysfunction. There are three protective enzymatic systems against reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage in sperm. These include superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase / reductase cycles. Catalase is a hemo-protein in the enzyme tetramer structure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of trehalose, catalase and their combinations on ram sperm parameters after the cryopreservation/ thawing process.Materials, Methods & Results: At the out of breeding season (March-May) seven rams (1-3 years of age) were used in this study. Ejaculates were collected by electro-ejaculator twice a week. Pooled ejaculates were kept at 37°C, divided into six aliquots, diluted with the Tris based extender containing Trehalose 25 mM (Group-1), Trehalose 50 mM (Group-2), Catalase 200 µg (Group-3), Catalase 400 µg (Group-4), Trehalose 50 mM + Catalase 400 µg (Group-5) and no anti-oxidant (control), respectively, were cooled to 5°C than frozen in 0.25 mL French straws on the nitrogen vapour and stored in liquid nitrogen. The extender supplemented with Group 1 (54.1 ± 1.53; 73.1 ± 4.37), Group 2 (58.3 ± 4.01; 63.1 ± 0.30) and Group 5 (56.6 ± 1.05; 58.3 ± 0.55) resulted in higher subjective motility in comparison to the control (40.0 ± 3.87; 40.5 ± 0.22) group respectively (P < 0.05).[...](AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ovinos , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Preservação do Sêmen/veterinária , Análise do Sêmen/veterinária , Trealose/administração & dosagem , Catalase/administração & dosagem , Criopreservação/métodos , Criopreservação/tendências , Criopreservação/veterináriaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the motility, kinetics and membrane integrity of ovine sperm cryopreserved in extenders containing 8% LDL with enzymatic antioxidants at different concentrations. Four Santa Inês rams were used to form four pools of semen (each pool containing ejaculates from four ram, totaling four ejaculates per animal). Each seminal pool was divided into eight aliquots for the following treatments: 1) Tris-glucose-glycerol (TGG) + (16%) egg yolk (control 1); 2) TGG + 8% (w/v) LDL (control 2); 3) TGG + 8% LDL + catalase 100 U/mL; 4) TGG + 8% LDL + catalase 200 U/mL; 5) TGG + 8% LDL + superoxide dismutase 100 U/mL; 6) TGG + 8% LDL + superoxide dismutase 200 U/mL; 7) TGG + 8% LDL + reduced glutathione 5 mM; and 8) TGG + 8% LDL + reduced glutathione 10 mM. The samples were packed into 0.25 mL straws, cooled (-0.25 C/ min), maintained at 5 C for 2 h and then frozen (-25 C/ min) using a TK4000®. Immediately after thawing (38 C/ 30 s), sperm motility and movement characteristics were assessed by computer sperm analysis (CASA). The structural integrity of the plasma and acrosomal membranes was analyzed using fluorescent dyes. The functional integrity of membranes was assessed using a hypoosmotic swelling test. As assessed by ANOVA, significant differences (P 0.05) among treatments were only observed for VCL, VSL and VAP. For the VCL variable, the 2, 3, 4...(AU)
Objetivou-se avaliar a motilidade, cinética e integridade das membranas de espermatozoides ovinos criopreservados em diluidores contendo 8% de LDL com antioxidantes enzimáticos em diferentes concentrações. Quatro carneiros da raça Santa Inês foram utilizados para formar quatro pools de sêmen (cada pool contendo ejaculados provenientes dos quatro carneiros, totalizando quatro ejaculados por animal). Cada pool de sêmen foi dividido em oito alíquotas para os seguintes tratamentos: 1) Tris-glicose-glicerol (TGG) + (16%) gema de ovo (controle 1); 2) TGG + 8% (g/L) LDL (controle 2); 3) TGG + 8% LDL + catalase 100 U/mL; 4) TGG + 8% LDL + catalase 200 U/mL; 5) TGG + 8% LDL + superóxido dismutase 100 U/mL; 6) TGG + 8% LDL + superóxido dismutase 200 U/mL; 7) TGG + 8% LDL + glutationa reduzida 5 mM; and 8) TGG + 8% LDL + glutationa reduzida 10 mM. As amostras foram envasadas em palhetas de 0,25 mL, resfriadas (-0,25 C/min), mantidas a 5 C por duas horas e em seguida congeladas (-25 C/ min) usando uma máquina de congelar TK4000®. Imediatamente depois da descongelação (38 C/30 s), as amostras foram submetidas à análise computadorizada (CASA) para avaliação da motilidade e cinética. A integridade estrutural das membranas plasmática e acrossomal foi analisada utilizando corantes fluorescentes. A integridade funcional das membranas foi avaliada utilizando o teste hiposmótico. Como...(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ovinos , Criopreservação/veterinária , Catalase/administração & dosagem , Superóxido Dismutase/administração & dosagem , Glutationa/administração & dosagem , Preservação do Sêmen/veterináriaRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito da prednisona e do meloxicam na terapia de ratos submetidos ao modelo experimental de trauma agudo da medula espinhal, induzida pelo cateter de Fogarty 2Fr, mediante a avaliação dos parâmetros de estresse oxidativo, dos testes neurológicos e do exame histopatológico da medula espinhal. Foram utilizados 90 ratos Wistar, distribuídos em seis grupos, denominados controle salina ou GCS (n=15), controle prednisona ou GCP (n=15), controle meloxicam ou GCM (n=15), trauma mais salina ou GTS (n=15), trauma mais prednisona ou GTP (n=15) e trauma mais meloxicam GTM (n=15). Cada grupo foi redistribuído em três subgrupos de igual número, de acordo com o tempo de tratamento no pós-operatório de 24h, 72h e sete dias. Todos os grupos foram submetidos à laminectomia e, nos grupos GTS, GTM e GTP, após a exposição da medula espinhal, foi realizado o trauma medular compressivo, utilizando o cateter de Fogarty 2Fr. Os grupos GCS e GTS foram tratados com solução salina, os GSM e GTM receberam meloxicam e os GSP e GTP prednisona, sendo administrados pela via intraperitoneal. Em todos os ratos, foram avaliados os parâmetros de estresse oxidativo, testes neurológicos e exame histopatológico da medula espinhal. Os animais dos grupos GTS, GTM e GTP, nos diferentes tempos (24h, 72h e sete dias), tiveram pontuação zero na escala de Basso, Beattie e Bresnahan (BBB); no plano inclinado, permaneceram com pontuação três e perderam a percepção da dor profunda. Os grupos GTM e GTP apresentaram menor atividade da catalase e de níveis de TBARS, quando comparado ao grupo GTS. Foi constatada degeneração Walleriana e necrose da substância cinzenta de intensidades variáveis, não apresentando diferença entre os grupos submetidos ao trauma. O meloxicam e a prednisona apresentam possível efeito antioxidante, mas não impedem a necrose e a degeneração Walleriana da medula espinhal de ratos.(AU)
The aim of the study was investigate the use of the prednisone and meloxicam in treatment of rats underwent to the experimental model of acute spinal cord injury with 2Fr Fogarty catheter, with evaluation of the oxidative stress, neurological test and histopathological analysis of the spinal cord. Ninety rats were separated into six equal groups denominated saline control or SCG, prednisone control or PCG, meloxicam control or MCG, saline and injury or STG, prednisone and injury PTG and meloxicam and injury MTG. Each group was divide into three subgroups according to treatment time in the postoperative period of 24h, 72h and seven days. All the rats underwent laminectomy and in the groups STG, MTG and PTG, after exposure of the spinal cord it was performed a compressive spinal cord injury with a 2Fr Fogarty catheter. The SCG and STG were treated with saline, MSG and MTG, with meloxicam and PSG and PTG with prednisone. All rats were evaluated for oxidative stress, neurological tests and histopathology of the spinal cord. Neurological tests were performed with Basso, Beattie e Bresnahan score (BBB), inclined plane and deep pain 24 hours before and after surgery and repeated every 48 hours until the day of euthanasia. The groups STG, MTG and PTG in the different times were zero point in the BBB scale and three points in the inclined plane and absence of deep pain. MTG and PTG had lower catalase activity and TBARS levels when compared to the STG. In the histopathological analysis it was found Wallerian degeneration and necrosis of gray matter of intensity variation. Meloxicam and prednisone can exhibit antioxidant effect, but the necrosis and Wallerian degeneration were not stop in rats underwent to acute spinal cord injury.(AU)
Assuntos
Ratos , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Catalase/administração & dosagem , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Estresse Oxidativo , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the motility, kinetics and membrane integrity of ovine sperm cryopreserved in extenders containing 8% LDL with enzymatic antioxidants at different concentrations. Four Santa Inês rams were used to form four pools of semen (each pool containing ejaculates from four ram, totaling four ejaculates per animal). Each seminal pool was divided into eight aliquots for the following treatments: 1) Tris-glucose-glycerol (TGG) + (16%) egg yolk (control 1); 2) TGG + 8% (w/v) LDL (control 2); 3) TGG + 8% LDL + catalase 100 U/mL; 4) TGG + 8% LDL + catalase 200 U/mL; 5) TGG + 8% LDL + superoxide dismutase 100 U/mL; 6) TGG + 8% LDL + superoxide dismutase 200 U/mL; 7) TGG + 8% LDL + reduced glutathione 5 mM; and 8) TGG + 8% LDL + reduced glutathione 10 mM. The samples were packed into 0.25 mL straws, cooled (-0.25 C/ min), maintained at 5 C for 2 h and then frozen (-25 C/ min) using a TK4000®. Immediately after thawing (38 C/ 30 s), sperm motility and movement characteristics were assessed by computer sperm analysis (CASA). The structural integrity of the plasma and acrosomal membranes was analyzed using fluorescent dyes. The functional integrity of membranes was assessed using a hypoosmotic swelling test. As assessed by ANOVA, significant differences (P 0.05) among treatments were only observed for VCL, VSL and VAP. For the VCL variable, the 2, 3, 4...
Objetivou-se avaliar a motilidade, cinética e integridade das membranas de espermatozoides ovinos criopreservados em diluidores contendo 8% de LDL com antioxidantes enzimáticos em diferentes concentrações. Quatro carneiros da raça Santa Inês foram utilizados para formar quatro pools de sêmen (cada pool contendo ejaculados provenientes dos quatro carneiros, totalizando quatro ejaculados por animal). Cada pool de sêmen foi dividido em oito alíquotas para os seguintes tratamentos: 1) Tris-glicose-glicerol (TGG) + (16%) gema de ovo (controle 1); 2) TGG + 8% (g/L) LDL (controle 2); 3) TGG + 8% LDL + catalase 100 U/mL; 4) TGG + 8% LDL + catalase 200 U/mL; 5) TGG + 8% LDL + superóxido dismutase 100 U/mL; 6) TGG + 8% LDL + superóxido dismutase 200 U/mL; 7) TGG + 8% LDL + glutationa reduzida 5 mM; and 8) TGG + 8% LDL + glutationa reduzida 10 mM. As amostras foram envasadas em palhetas de 0,25 mL, resfriadas (-0,25 C/min), mantidas a 5 C por duas horas e em seguida congeladas (-25 C/ min) usando uma máquina de congelar TK4000®. Imediatamente depois da descongelação (38 C/30 s), as amostras foram submetidas à análise computadorizada (CASA) para avaliação da motilidade e cinética. A integridade estrutural das membranas plasmática e acrossomal foi analisada utilizando corantes fluorescentes. A integridade funcional das membranas foi avaliada utilizando o teste hiposmótico. Como...
Assuntos
Animais , Catalase/administração & dosagem , Criopreservação/veterinária , Glutationa/administração & dosagem , Ovinos , Preservação do Sêmen/veterinária , Superóxido Dismutase/administração & dosagemRESUMO
O sangue do cordão umbilical e placentário (SCUP) tem sido usado como fonte de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (CTH) para reconstituir a função medular (hematopoiese). A maioria das vezes, esta modalidade de transplante requer a criopreservação das CTH, que permanecem congeladas até uma possível utilização futura. Na criopreservação de CTH, o reagente químico dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) tem sido utilizado como um crioprotetor. No entanto, tem sido provado que DMSO tem efeitos tóxicos para o corpo humano. Muitos organismos na natureza possuem uma capacidade de sobreviver ao congelamento e à desidratação acumulando dissacarídeos, como a trealose e sacarose, por isso a trealose, tem sido investigada como um crioprotetor alternativo para diversos tipos celulares. Outro dano muito comum durante o congelamento é a formação de espécie reativas de oxigênio (ERO) que diminui a viabilidade celular, por isso a adição de bioantioxidantes na solução de criopreservação das células é passo muito importante. Este estudo foi dividido em duas fases na primeira foram avaliados os resultados obtidos com a adição de antioxidantes na solução de criopreservação das células de SCUP e na segunda fase avaliou-se a hipótese que a solução de criopreservação contendo trealose intracelular e extracelular melhora a recuperação e a viabilidade das células-tronco do SCUP, após a criopreservação. SCUP foi processado e submetido à criopreservação em soluções contendo na primeira fase: soluções com diferentes concentrações de DMSO (10%, 5% e 2,5%), assim como as combinações de DMSO (5%, 2,5%) com um dos dissacarídeos (60mmol/L) e ácido ascórbico e/ou catalase (10mg/mL); e na segunda fase: soluções contendo diferentes concentrações de DMSO (10% e 2,5%), assim como as combinações de DMSO (2,5%) com trealose intra (a trealose foi introduzida na célula por meio de lipossomas) e extracelular e soluções contendo trealose intra e extracelular sem DMSO, armazenados por duas semanas em N2L, e descongeladas...
The umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been used as a source of primitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) to reconstitute the hematopoiesis. Most often, it is required the cryopreservation of HSC, which remain frozen in banks for possible future use. For cryopreservation of HSC, the chemical reagent dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) has been used as a cryoprotectant. Many organisms in nature have a capacity of survive freezing and dehydration by accumulating disaccharides, so the trehalose, has been actively investigated as an alternative cryoprotector, other damage which is very common during freezing is oxygen free radicals formation which decreases the cellular viability after thawing, so the addition of bioantioxidants in the solution of cryopreservation of cells is very important. This study was divided into two phases: first, we evaluated the results obtained with the addition of antioxidants in the solution for cryopreservation of cord blood cells and the second phase: evaluate the hypothesis that the cryopreservation solution containing intracellular and extracellular trehalose improves recovery and viability of cord blood stem cells after cryopreservation. UBC was processed and subjected to cryopreservation solutions containing for the first phase: solutions with different concentrations of DMSO (10%, 5% and 2.5%), as well as combinations of DMSO (5%, 2.5 %) with a disaccharide (60 mmol/L), ascorbic acid and/or catalase (10mg/mL), and for the second phase: solutions containing different concentrations of DMSO (10% and 2.5%), as well as combinations of DMSO (2.5%) with intracellular trehalose (trehalose was introduced into the cell by means of liposomes) and solutions containing extra and intracellular trehalose without DMSO, stored for two weeks in N2L, and thawed. The thawed cells were assessed by flow cytometry, MTT and colony forming units (CFU) assays. In the first phase of the study our analysis showed catalase improved the preservation CD34+ and CD123+...
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criopreservação/métodos , Sangue Fetal/citologia , Trealose/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Sobrevivência Celular , Ensaio de Unidades Formadoras de Colônias , Catalase/administração & dosagem , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Crioprotetores/farmacologia , Dimetil Sulfóxido , Dimetil Sulfóxido/farmacologia , Sangue FetalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Among all the topical immunomodulators, vitiligo's mainstay therapy includes topical corticosteroids. Many other non-immune theories have also been suggested for vitiligo's pathogenesis, but the role of oxidative stress has gained more importance in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of topical 0.05% betamethasone vs. catalase/dismutase superoxide (C/DSO). STUDY DESIGN: Randomized, matched-paired, double-blind trial. SETTING: Dermatology Section, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. SUBJECTS: Patients (aged > 18 years or between 12 and 18 years) with parent's informed consent, with stable or active bilateral vitiligo. INTERVENTION: Topical 0.05% betamethasone or C/DSO. METHODS: Two lesions similar to each other in size were chosen. All assessments were made by two blinded investigators, and photographs were subjected to morphometry analysis. MAIN OUTCOME: Skin repigmentation by digital morphometry. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients were enrolled in the study (21 women and 4 men). Mean age of participants was 40 years (range: 12-74 years). One patient on C/DSO experienced a mild local erythematous papular rash that self-resolved. At 4 months of therapy, there was no statistical difference on the percentage of repigmentation between betamethasone and C/DSO (5.63% +/- 27.9 vs. 3.22% +/- 25.8, respectively, P = 0.758). After 10 months of therapy, the percentage of skin repigmentation increased to 18.5 +/- 93.14% with betamethasone and to 12.4 +/- 59% with C/DSO, but again, we found no statistical differences (P = 0.79). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Few studies have described objective methods to evaluate repigmentation among vitiligo patients. Digital morphometry provides an objective assessment of repigmentation in vitiligo. Objective vitiligo repigmentation with topical C/DSO at 10 months is similar to topical 0.05% betamethasone. Although a mild adverse effect was related to the use of C/DSO, such finding was not severe enough to discontinue treatment.
Assuntos
Betametasona/uso terapêutico , Catalase/uso terapêutico , Superóxido Dismutase/uso terapêutico , Vitiligo/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Tópica , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Betametasona/administração & dosagem , Catalase/administração & dosagem , Criança , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Superóxido Dismutase/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Reactive oxygen species, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are involved in various aspects of tumour development. Decreasing their levels can therefore be a promising approach for colon cancer prevention. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of catalase-producing Lactococcus lactis on the prevention of an experimental murine 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon cancer. DMH-treated BALB/c mice received either a catalase-producing L. lactis strain or the isogenic non-catalase-producing strain as a control, whereas other untreated mice did not receive bacterial supplementation. Catalase activity and H2O2 levels in intestinal fluids and blood samples were measured, and changes in the histology of the large intestines during tumour progression were evaluated. The catalase-producing L. lactis strain used in this study was able to slightly increase catalase activities in DMH-treated mice (1.19+/-0.08 U ml(-1)) and reduce H2O2 levels (3.4+/-1.1 microM) compared to (i) animals that received the non-catalase-producing strain (1.00+/-0.09 U ml(-1), 9.0+/-0.8 microM), and (ii) those that did not receive bacterial supplementation (1.06+/-0.07 U ml(-1), 10.0+/-1.1 microM). Using the histopathological grading scale of chemically induced colorectal cancer, animals that received the catalase-producing L. lactis had a significantly lesser extent of colonic damage and inflammation (2.0+/-0.4) compared to animals that received the non-catalase-producing L. lactis (4.0+/-0.3) or those that did not receive bacterial supplementation (4.7+/-0.5). The catalase-producing L. lactis strain used in this study was able to prevent tumour appearance in an experimental DMH-induced colon cancer model.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Colo/prevenção & controle , Lactococcus lactis/fisiologia , 1,2-Dimetilidrazina/toxicidade , Administração Oral , Animais , Catalase/administração & dosagem , Catalase/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Colo/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Mucosa Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Lactococcus lactis/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB CRESUMO
Bovine liver catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) was chemically modified with mannan, carboxymethylcellulose, and carboxymethylchitin. The enzyme retained about 48-97% of the initial specific activity after glycosidation with the polysaccharides. The prepared neoglycoenzyme was 1.9-5.7 fold more stable against the thermal inactivation processes at 55 degrees C, in comparison with the native counterpart. Also, the modified enzyme was more resistant to proteolytic degradation with trypsin. Pharmacokinetics studies revealed higher plasma half-life time for all the enzyme-polymer preparations, but better results were achieved for the enzyme modified with the anionic macromolecules.