RESUMO
Streptococcus mutans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans are oral pathogens associated with dental caries and periodontitis, respectively. The aim of this study was to determine the colonization of these two microorganisms in the dental plaque of a group of Haitian adolescents using two different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods, standard PCR, and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays. Fifty-four pooled supra-gingival plaque samples and 98 pooled sub-gingival plaque samples were obtained from 104 12- to19-year-old rural-dwelling Haitians. The total genomic DNA of bacteria was isolated from these samples, and all participants also received caries and periodontal examinations. Caries prevalence was 42.2%, and the mean decayed, missing, and filled surface (DMFS) was 2.67 ± 5.3. More than half of the adolescents (53.3%) experienced periodontal pockets (Community Periodontal Index score ≥3). S. mutans was detected in 67.3% by qPCR and 38.8% by PCR of the supra-gingival plaque samples (p < 0.01), and 36.6% by qPCR and 8.1% by PCR of the sub-gingival samples (p < 0.01). A. actinomycetemcomitans was detected in 85.1% by qPCR and 44.0% by PCR of the sub-gingival samples (p < 0.01), but the prevalence was similar, 67.3% by qPCR and 59.2% by PCR, in the supra-gingival plaque samples. Neither age nor gender was significantly correlated to the bacterial colonization. The results demonstrated a moderate-to-high prevalence of S. mutans and A. actinomycetemcomitans in the Haitian adolescent population, and qPCR is more sensitive than standard PCR in field conditions. These findings suggest that qPCR should be considered for field oral epidemiologic studies and may be necessary in investigations having major logistic challenges.
Assuntos
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/isolamento & purificação , Placa Dentária/microbiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Streptococcus mutans/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Criança , Índice CPO , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Cárie Dentária/classificação , Cárie Dentária/microbiologia , Restauração Dentária Permanente/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Bolsa Gengival/classificação , Bolsa Gengival/microbiologia , Haiti , Humanos , Masculino , Índice Periodontal , Bolsa Periodontal/classificação , Bolsa Periodontal/microbiologia , Saúde da População Rural , Perda de Dente/classificação , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The present study evaluates the influence of local anatomy on the reduction in relative gingival recession (Delta RGR) and gain of clinical attachment level (Delta CAL) achieved by coronally advanced flap alone (CAF), CAF plus restoration (CAF + R), subepithelial connective tissue graft alone (CTG), and CTG plus restoration (CTG + R), to treat Miller Class I gingival recessions associated with non-carious cervical lesions. METHODS: A total of 78 defects in maxillary canines or premolars were included, and received one of the following treatments: CAF, CAF + R, CTG, or CTG + R. Delta RGR and Delta CAL after 6 months were associated with cervical lesion height (CLH), cervical lesion width, cervical lesion depth (CLD), keratinized tissue width, keratinized tissue thickness, papillae width, papillae height, bone level (BL), and post-surgical position of the gingival margin using stepwise multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: CLH was statistically associated with Delta RGR when CAF (P = 0.02) and CTG + R (P = 0.0002) were analyzed and statistically associated with Delta RGR when overall data (P = 0.005) from both CTG groups were analyzed. CLD was significantly associated with Delta RGR in the CAF group (P = 0.0045). BL was statistically associated with Delta RGR when evaluating the CTG group (P = 0.02). It was also significantly associated with Delta CAL when considering the CTG (P = 0.01) and the overall data (P = 0.04) from CAF (CAF and CAF + R). CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that CLD may influence Delta RGR when CAF is performed to treat combined defects. Additionally, BL may not negatively influence Delta RGR when the CTG technique is used.
Assuntos
Gengiva/patologia , Retração Gengival/cirurgia , Colo do Dente/patologia , Desgaste dos Dentes/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Processo Alveolar/patologia , Dente Pré-Molar/patologia , Tecido Conjuntivo/transplante , Dente Canino/patologia , Índice de Placa Dentária , Restauração Dentária Permanente/métodos , Inserção Epitelial/patologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Gengiva/transplante , Bolsa Gengival/classificação , Retração Gengival/classificação , Retração Gengival/complicações , Cimentos de Ionômeros de Vidro , Humanos , Masculino , Maxila/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice Periodontal , Cimentos de Resina , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Abrasão Dentária/terapia , Erosão Dentária/terapia , Desgaste dos Dentes/classificação , Desgaste dos Dentes/complicações , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The purposes of this study were to compare the gingival blood flow (GBF) in test sites (teeth retaining fixed partial dentures) and control sites (contralateral natural teeth) and investigate whether there is any relationship between clinical indices and GBF values. Twelve healthy subjects (6 females and 6 males) aged 20 to 54 years were enrolled this study. The GBF was measured from the middle point of the marginal gingiva in the test and control sites using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF). Additionally, plaque index, gingival index and probing depth measurements were recorded. Statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found between the test and control sites for marginal GBF. In contrast, no significant difference (p>0.05) was found between test and control sites with respect to the clinical indices, except for plaque index. The findings of this study suggest that there is a significant relation between resin-bonded fixed partial dentures with margins located subgingivally and marginal GBF. Clinical indices are helpful to collect information about the clinical health status of gingival tissues, but GBF is a good tool to measure gingival tissue blood flow and assess periodontal health. In conclusion, laser Doppler flowmetry can be used together with clinical indices to evaluate the marginal gingival health.
Assuntos
Gengiva/irrigação sanguínea , Fluxometria por Laser-Doppler , Adulto , Dente Suporte , Índice de Placa Dentária , Prótese Parcial Fixa , Feminino , Hemorragia Gengival/classificação , Bolsa Gengival/classificação , Gengivite/classificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice Periodontal , Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional/fisiologiaRESUMO
The purposes of this study were to compare the gingival blood flow (GBF) in test sites (teeth retaining fixed partial dentures) and control sites (contralateral natural teeth) and investigate whether there is any relationship between clinical indices and GBF values. Twelve healthy subjects (6 females and 6 males) aged 20 to 54 years were enrolled this study. The GBF was measured from the middle point of the marginal gingiva in the test and control sites using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF). Additionally, plaque index, gingival index and probing depth measurements were recorded. Statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found between the test and control sites for marginal GBF. In contrast, no significant difference (p>0.05) was found between test and control sites with respect to the clinical indices, except for plaque index. The findings of this study suggest that there is a significant relation between resin-bonded fixed partial dentures with margins located subgingivally and marginal GBF. Clinical indices are helpful to collect information about the clinical health status of gingival tissues, but GBF is a good tool to measure gingival tissue blood flow and assess periodontal health. In conclusion, laser Doppler flowmetry can be used together with clinical indices to evaluate the marginal gingival health.
Os objetivos deste estudo foram comparar o fluxo sangüíneo gengival (FSG) em sítios teste (dentes retentores de próteses parciais fixas) e sítios controle (dentes naturais contralaterais) e investigar se há alguma relação entre os índices clínicos (IC) e os valores de FSG. Doze indivíduos saudáveis (6 mulheres e 6 homens) com idades entre 20 a 54 anos participaram deste estudo. O FSG foi medido no ponto médio da gengina marginal em ambos os sítios teste e controle utilizando dopplerfluxometria a laser (DFL). Além disso, as medidas referentes ao índice de placa, índice gengival e profundidade de sondagem foram registradas. Foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0.05) entre os grupos teste e controle para os valores de FSG. Por outro lado, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante (p>0.05) entre os sítios teste e controle com relação aos índices clínicos, exceto para o índice de placa. Os achados deste estudo sugerem que existe uma relação significante entre próteses parciais fixas retidas por resina com margens localizadas subgengivalmente e o FSG marginal. Embora os índices clínicos sejam úteis para coletar informações sobre as condições clínicas dos tecidos gengivais, o FSG é uma ferramenta importante para medir o fluxo sanguíneo tissular gengival e avaliar a saúde periodontal. Em conclusão, a dopplerfluxometria a laser pode ser usada juntamente com índices clínicos para avaliar a saúde gengival marginal.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gengiva/irrigação sanguínea , Fluxometria por Laser-Doppler , Dente Suporte , Índice de Placa Dentária , Prótese Parcial Fixa , Hemorragia Gengival/classificação , Bolsa Gengival/classificação , Gengivite/classificação , Índice Periodontal , Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional/fisiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this clinical and radiographic study was to evaluate the effect of guided tissue regeneration using a bioabsorbable barrier in the treatment of intrabony defects in humans. METHODS: Intrabony osseous defects (2 or 3 walls) around mandibular canines and premolars were treated in 10 systemically healthy patients with ages ranging from 35 to 56 years. Prior to the surgical phase, patients were enrolled in a strict maintenance program including oral hygiene instructions and scaling and root planing (presurgical Pi and GI < 10%). Patients were seen for professional prophylaxis during the duration of the study. Clinical measurements were performed with an electronic probe at baseline and at reentry 8 months following surgical therapy. Measurements included clinical attachment levels (CAL), gingival margin levels (GML), probing depths (PD), bone defect levels (BDL), and alveolar crest level (ACL). A split mouth design was used. Quadrants were randomly assigned for treatment by GTR (experimental) or open flap debridement alone (control). Standardized radiographs were taken at baseline and at reentry. Digital images were analyzed by subtraction to assess changes in area (A) and optical density (OD). Data were evaluated using paired t test. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found in both groups when comparing baseline and post-treatment values for CAL, GML, PD, and BDL (P < 0.0 1). Greater reductions in BDL and gain in A and OD were observed in the GTR group when compared to control (P < 0.01). Both therapies were effective in improving the clinical parameters assessed. CONCLUSION: Clinical and radiographic findings from this study demonstrated more bone fill in sites treated with GTR.