RESUMO
Parasitological examination of the maya needlefish Strongylura hubbsi Collette (Belonidae) from the Rio Lacantún basin in the Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas, Mexico showed that specimens were parasitized by two monogenean species in two different sites: Paracolpenteron hubbsii n. gen., n. sp in the urinary bladder and Ancyrocephalus chiapanensis n. sp in the gill lamellae. Paracolpenteron hubbsii differs from other dactylogyrid species without a haptoral anchor/bar complex infecting the urinary systems, gills and nasal cavities by the general morphology of hooks, a dextral vaginal opening, a tubular male copulatory organ comprising a base from which a coiled shaft arises in counterclockwise direction, and an unarticulated Y-shaped accessory piece. Ancyrocephalus chiapanensis n. sp. resembles Ancyrocephalus cornutus William & Rogers, 1972 from the gills of Strongylura marina from Florida from which it differs in possessing a twisted tube of the male copulatory organ (curved in A. cornutus), ventral bar with cavities on the ends (cavities absent in A. cornutus) and by the size of the ventral (length 31-34 µm vs. 24-27 µm in A. cornutus) and dorsal (length 25-28 µm vs. 18-22 µm in A. cornutus) anchors. These new monogeneans are described herein and their biogeography is briefly discussed based on the previous phylogenetic hypotheses concerning the host family.
Assuntos
Beloniformes/parasitologia , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Brânquias/parasitologia , Trematódeos/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Trematódeos/veterinária , Bexiga Urinária/parasitologia , Animais , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Genitália Feminina , Genitália Masculina , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Cavidade Nasal/parasitologia , Filogenia , Filogeografia , Trematódeos/anatomia & histologia , Trematódeos/classificação , Infecções por Trematódeos/parasitologiaRESUMO
The following 3 species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda: Philometridae) were recorded from marine fishes off Florida: Caranginema americanum Moravec, Montoya-Mendoza and Salgado-Maldonado, 2008 from the subcutaneous tissue of the crevalle jack Caranx hippos (Linnaeus) (Carangidae); Philometra charlestonensis Moravec, de Buron, Baker and González-Solís, 2008 from the gonads (ovaries) of the scamp Mycteroperca phenax Jordan and Swain (Serranidae); and Philometra sp. (only subgravid females) from the gonads (ovaries) of the Atlantic needlefish Strongylura marina (Walbaum) (Belonidae). The male of C. americanum , the type species of Caranginema Moravec, Montoya-Mendoza, and Salgado-Maldonado, 2008 , is described for the first time. Its general morphology is similar to that of males of Philometra and Philometroides species. The males of C. americanum are mainly characterized by an elongate body, 3.13-3.28 mm long, a markedly elongate esophagus, and spicules and a gubernaculum 69-75 µm and 48-51 µm long, respectively. The present findings of C. americanum and P. charlestonensis represent new geographical records. The gonad-infecting Philometra sp. from S. marina probably belongs to an undescribed species.
Assuntos
Beloniformes/parasitologia , Dracunculoidea/classificação , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Perciformes/parasitologia , Infecções por Spirurida/veterinária , Animais , Dracunculoidea/ultraestrutura , Feminino , Doenças dos Peixes/epidemiologia , Florida/epidemiologia , Golfo do México/epidemiologia , Masculino , Ovário/parasitologia , Prevalência , Infecções por Spirurida/epidemiologia , Infecções por Spirurida/parasitologiaRESUMO
Larvae, identified as post-oncomiracidia of the suborder Gastrocotylinea (Monogenoidea), were collected from formalin-fixed gills excised from six species of marine fishes captured from the Gulf of Mexico off Mississippi and Florida: common dolphinfish, Coryphaena hippurus and pompano dolphinfish, Coryphaena equiselis (both Perciformes, Coryphaenidae); gray snapper, Lutjanus griseus (Perciformes, Lutjanidae); greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili (Perciformes, Carangidae); and Atlantic flyingfish, Cheilopogon melanurus and sailfin flyingfish, Parexocoetus hillianus (both Beloniformes and Exocoetidae). Based on a combination of diagnostic morphological features, the specimens were divided into two basic forms, each of which was further subdivided into two morphotypes. No gastrocotylinean post-oncomiracidium had been reported previously from these hosts. Of the six host species, only C. hippurus serves as a host (unconfirmed) for the adult of a gastrocotylinean species, suggesting that the recorded fishes from the Gulf of Mexico comprise dead-end hosts acting as decoys for the oncomiracidia. These comparatively non-susceptible "decoy hosts" apparently dilute the susceptible fish-host population and by intercepting infective larvae (oncomiracidia) decrease the abundance of parasites on their typical hosts.
Assuntos
Beloniformes/parasitologia , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Perciformes/parasitologia , Platelmintos/classificação , Infecções por Trematódeos/veterinária , Animais , Brânquias/parasitologia , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Larva/anatomia & histologia , Larva/classificação , Larva/fisiologia , Platelmintos/anatomia & histologia , Platelmintos/fisiologia , Água do Mar/parasitologia , Infecções por Trematódeos/parasitologiaRESUMO
A fish-infecting Microsporidia Potaspora morhaphis n. gen., n. sp. found adherent to the wall of the coelomic cavity of the freshwater fish, Potamorhaphis guianensis, from lower Amazon River is described, based on light microscope and ultrastructural characteristics. This microsporidian forms whitish xenomas distinguished by the numerous filiform and anastomosed microvilli. The xenoma was completely filled by several developmental stages. In all of these stages, the nuclei are monokaryotic and develop in direct contact with host cell cytoplasm. The merogonial plasmodium divides by binary fission and the disporoblastic pyriform spores of sporont origin measure 2.8+/-0.3 x 1.5+/-0.2 microm. In mature spores the polar filament was arranged into 9-10 coils in 2 layers. The polaroplast had 2 distinct regions around the manubrium and an electron-dense globule was observed. The small subunit, intergenic space and partial large subunit rRNA gene were sequenced and maximum parsimony analysis placed the microsporidian described here in the clade that includes the genera Kabatana, Microgemma, Spraguea and Tetramicra. The ultrastructural morphology of the xenoma, and the developmental stages including the spores of this microsporidian parasite, as well as the phylogenetic analysis, suggest the erection of a new genus and species.