RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Several studies have shown a higher prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) compared to the general population. In Brazil, the prevalence of HCV infection is considered low (1.38%). The aim of this study was to determine HCV prevalence and how this can modify outcomes of patients with HNC. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. METHODS: Patients with a diagnosis of malignant neoplasm in the head and neck (HN) region and who had serology performed for HCV were included. Patients were classified into two groups: head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and other head and neck malignant neoplasms (OHNMN). Descriptive statistics were performed for all variables of interest. Means were compared using ANOVA and proportions using chi-square tests. Survival data were compared by Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test. RESULTS: Global HCV prevalence in patients with HNC was 7.8%, reaching 12.8% in HNSCC and 3.4% in OHNMN (pâ¯=â¯0.003). There was a higher risk of developing a second primary neoplasm in HNSCC compared to OHNMN patients (20.6% versus 4.6%; pâ¯=â¯0.001). The mean survival was not different between HCV-positive and HCV-negative patients (6.0â¯years versus 6.6â¯years, respectively, pâ¯=â¯0.516). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HCV infection was higher in HNC patients compared to the general Brazilian population. It seems reasonable to consider that HCV infection is associated with an increased risk of HNC, but HCV infection does not worsens the prognosis of HNC patients.
Assuntos
Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/mortalidade , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil/epidemiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/sangue , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/etiologia , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C/sangue , Hepatite C/complicações , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/sangue , Prevalência , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Testes Sorológicos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/sangue , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/etiologia , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence and epidemiological factors associated with hepatitis (HCV) coinfection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients from Curitiba and the metropolitan region. METHODS: a study with 303 HIV+ patients, mean age 41.2 years (18-73); 50.5% men, followed at the Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, between April 2008 and March 2009. Clinical and epidemiological data were obtained through questionnaires and retrospective analysis of medical records. Anti-HCV antibodies were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay. RESULTS: a total of 12.9% of HIV+ patients were positive for anti-HCV antibodies, 64.1% were men and 35.9% women, with mean age of 44.5 years (24-66). The frequency of HCV among men was 16.7% and among women 9.1% (p=0.06). HCV prevalence was associated to HIV infection when compared to the general population (p<10-6, OR=100.4; 95CI=13.7-734.9). The parenteral route of transmission was the most frequent among coinfected patients (46.1%), and the sexual transmission among HIV+/HCV- (71.8%) (p=0.02, OR=0.2; 95CI=0.1-0.7). The frequency of intravenous drug users was higher among the coinfected patients (61.5%) compared to the non coinfected (12.6%) (p<10-6, OR=11.1; 95CI=4.5-27.7). CONCLUSION: the prevalence of coinfection with HCV in HIV+ patients is 12.9%, 88 times higher than in the general population in Curitiba. The most frequent route of transmission in the coinfected patients is parenteral, but the sexual route is also representative (34.6%).
Assuntos
Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Medições Luminescentes , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Distribuição por Sexo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
SUMMARY Objective: to determine the prevalence and epidemiological factors associated with hepatitis (HCV) coinfection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients from Curitiba and the metropolitan region. Methods: a study with 303 HIV+ patients, mean age 41.2 years (18-73); 50.5% men, followed at the Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, between April 2008 and March 2009. Clinical and epidemiological data were obtained through questionnaires and retrospective analysis of medical records. Anti-HCV antibodies were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Results: a total of 12.9% of HIV+ patients were positive for anti-HCV antibodies, 64.1% were men and 35.9% women, with mean age of 44.5 years (24-66). The frequency of HCV among men was 16.7% and among women 9.1% (p=0.06). HCV prevalence was associated to HIV infection when compared to the general population (p<10-6, OR=100.4; 95CI=13.7-734.9). The parenteral route of transmission was the most frequent among coinfected patients (46.1%), and the sexual transmission among HIV+/HCV- (71.8%) (p=0.02, OR=0.2; 95CI=0.1-0.7). The frequency of intravenous drug users was higher among the coinfected patients (61.5%) compared to the non coinfected (12.6%) (p<10-6, OR=11.1; 95CI=4.5-27.7). Conclusion: the prevalence of coinfection with HCV in HIV+ patients is 12.9%, 88 times higher than in the general population in Curitiba. The most frequent route of transmission in the coinfected patients is parenteral, but the sexual route is also representative (34.6%).
RESUMO Soroprevalência de marcadores do vírus da hepatite C (HCV) em pacientes infectados com HIV de Curitiba e Região Metropolitana Objetivo: verificar a prevalência e caracterizar fatores epidemiológicos associados à coinfecção por HCV em pacientes HIV+ de Curitiba e Região Metropolitana. Métodos: estudo envolvendo 303 pacientes HIV+, com idade média de 41,2 anos (18-73); 50,5% homens; acompanhados no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, entre abril de 2008 e março de 2009. Os dados clínico-epidemiológicos foram obtidos por meio de questionários e análise retrospectiva dos prontuários. Os anticorpos anti-HCV foram detectados por ensaio imunoenzimático quimioluminescente. Resultados: dos pacientes HIV+, 12,9% apresentaram sorologia positiva para o HCV, sendo 64,1% homens e 35,9% mulheres, com idade média de 44,5 anos (24-66). A frequência nos homens foi de 16,7%, e nas mulheres, 9,1% (p=0,06). A prevalência do HCV foi significativamente associada à infecção por HIV quando comparada à população geral (p<10-6, OR=100,4; IC95%=13,7-734,9). A via de transmissão parenteral foi a mais frequente entre os coinfectados (46,1%), e a sexual, a mais frequente entre os não coinfectados (71,8%) (p=0,02, OR=0,2; IC95%=0,1-0,7). A frequência de usuários de drogas injetáveis foi maior entre os coinfectados (61,5%) do que entre os não coinfectados (12,6%) (p<10-6, OR=11,1; IC95%=4,5-27,7). Conclusões: a prevalência da infecção por HCV nos pacientes HIV+ é de 12,9%, 88 vezes maior que a infecção na população geral de Curitiba. A via de transmissão mais frequente entre os coinfectados foi a parenteral, porém, a via sexual também é representativa para a transmissão do HCV (34,6%).
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Biomarcadores , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Distribuição por Sexo , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Medições Luminescentes , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Intravenous drug use, sexual promiscuity and a longer cohabitation period are considered risk factors for familial transmission of hepatitis C virus. The relative importance of this type of transmission is a subject of controversy. AIM: To study familial clustering of hepatitis C virus infection and its risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: HCV positive patients (91 with chronic hepatitis, 88 with cirrhosis, nine with hepatic carcinoma and 29 hemophiliacs) were the index cases. HCV antibodies were measured by ELISA and the type of relationship with the index case was investigated in 317 family members. RESULTS: Positive anti HVC antibodies were detected in 12 of 243 family members of patients with chronic liver disease and in none of the family members of patients with hemophilia. Of these, five were couples of an index case with a long cohabitation period. Ten members had an index case with a severe liver disease (three with Child C cirrhosis and seven with liver carcinoma). CONCLUSIONS: Family transmission of HCV infection is uncommon in Chile. The association of severe liver disease and family transmission could be due to a higher viral load as responsible for transmission during the early periods of a long lasting disease.
Assuntos
Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Hepatite C Crônica/transmissão , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Chile , Feminino , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Intravenous drug use, sexual promiscuity and a longer cohabitation period are considered risk factors for familial transmission of hepatitis C virus. The relative importance of this type of transmission is a subject of controversy. AIM: To study familial clustering of hepatitis C virus infection and its risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: HCV positive patients (91 with chronic hepatitis, 88 with cirrhosis, nine with hepatic carcinoma and 29 hemophiliacs) were the index cases. HCV antibodies were measured by ELISA and the type of relationship with the index case was investigated in 317 family members. RESULTS: Positive anti HVC antibodies were detected in 12 of 243 family members of patients with chronic liver disease and in none of the family members of patients with hemophilia. Of these, five were couples of an index case with a long cohabitation period. Ten members had an index case with a severe liver disease (three with Child C cirrhosis and seven with liver carcinoma). CONCLUSIONS: Family transmission of HCV infection is uncommon in Chile. The association of severe liver disease and family transmission could be due to a higher viral load as responsible for transmission during the early periods of a long lasting disease.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Hepatite C Crônica/transmissão , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Chile , Fatores de Risco , Hepacivirus/imunologiaRESUMO
This study was undertaken to evaluate an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for hepatitis C virus antibody detection (anti-HCV), using just one antigen. Anti-HCV EIA was designed to detect anti-HCV IgG using on the solid-phase a recombinant C22 antigen localized at the N-terminal end of the core region of HCV genome, produced by BioMérieux. The serum samples diluted in phosphate buffer saline were added to wells coated with the C22, and incubated. After washings, the wells were loaded with conjugated anti-IgG, and read in a microtiter plate reader (492 nm). Serum samples of 145 patients were divided in two groups: a control group of 39 patients with non-C hepatitis (10 acute hepatitis A, 10 acute hepatitis B, 9 chronic hepatitis B, and 10 autoimmune hepatitis) and a study group consisting of 106 patients with chronic HCV hepatitis. In the study group all patients had anti-HCV detected by a commercially available EIA (Abbott(r)), specific for HCV structural and nonstructural polypeptides, alanine aminotransferase elevation or positive serum HCV-RNA detected by nested-PCR. They also had a liver biopsy compatible with chronic hepatitis. The test was positive in 101 of the 106 (95 percent) sera from patients in the study group and negative in 38 of the 39 (97 percent) sera from those in the control group, showing an accuracy of 96 percent. According to these results, our EIA could be used to detect anti-HCV in the serum of patients infected with hepatitis C virus.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Genoma Viral , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Recombinantes , Proteínas do Core Viral/imunologia , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Hepatite C Crônica/diagnóstico , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas/métodos , Imunoglobulina G/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , RNA/sangueRESUMO
This study was undertaken to evaluate an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for hepatitis C virus antibody detection (anti-HCV), using just one antigen. Anti-HCV EIA was designed to detect anti-HCV IgG using on the solid-phase a recombinant C22 antigen localized at the N-terminal end of the core region of HCV genome, produced by BioMérieux. The serum samples diluted in phosphate buffer saline were added to wells coated with the C22, and incubated. After washings, the wells were loaded with conjugated anti-IgG, and read in a microtiter plate reader (492 nm). Serum samples of 145 patients were divided in two groups: a control group of 39 patients with non-C hepatitis (10 acute hepatitis A, 10 acute hepatitis B, 9 chronic hepatitis B, and 10 autoimmune hepatitis) and a study group consisting of 106 patients with chronic HCV hepatitis. In the study group all patients had anti-HCV detected by a commercially available EIA (Abbott), specific for HCV structural and nonstructural polypeptides, alanine aminotransferase elevation or positive serum HCV-RNA detected by nested-PCR. They also had a liver biopsy compatible with chronic hepatitis. The test was positive in 101 of the 106 (95%) sera from patients in the study group and negative in 38 of the 39 (97%) sera from those in the control group, showing an accuracy of 96%. According to these results, our EIA could be used to detect anti-HCV in the serum of patients infected with hepatitis C virus.
Assuntos
Hepacivirus/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas/métodos , Proteínas Recombinantes , Proteínas do Core Viral/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Hepacivirus/genética , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Hepatite C Crônica/diagnóstico , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/isolamento & purificação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , RNA/sangueRESUMO
The infection by the virus the hepatitis C (VHC) constitutes a health problem at world level. This situation has resulted in numerous researchers developing and using different means of diagnosis in order to know the actual prevalence of the virus. The main way of VHC transmission is blood and/or haemoderivates transfusion. It has been estimated that 90% of post-transfusional hepatitis are VHC. This situation motivated us to make a descriptive and transversal study in order to screen VHC in a group of patients who had been transfused with blood and/or haemoderivates. The patients came from the medical doctor's office N(o) 36 belonging the polyclinic "19 de April", in the city of Havana. The objective was to study the prevalence of the virus in our area and also to precise the main causes of the transfusion and the relationship between their number and the presence of anti-HVC. We found 35 patients who had been transfused (5.3%) in the population (653), and from these, three patients (8.5%) were anti-HVC positive. The main cause for having been transfused was anemia, being sicklemia the entity, which reported more patients with anti VHC positive. We also conclude that the probability of having an anti-HVC positive increases proportionally to the number of transfusions; these were significant differences between the groups who received a greater and a smaller number of transfusions.
Assuntos
Transfusão de Sangue , Área Programática de Saúde , Medicina de Família e Comunidade , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C/transmissão , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Between 1992 and 1997, 790 blood donors with anti-HCV EIA-2 strongly reagent (relationship between the sample optical density/cut-off > 3) detected at the blood bank serological screening, were evaluated in ambulatory environment. They were all negative for Chagas disease, syphilis, hepatitis B (HBsAg) and AIDS. Blood samples were collected at the first ambulatorial evaluation, for hemogram, biochemical tests and new serological tests for HCV (anti-HCV EIA-2). In blood samples of 226 repeatedly reagent anti-HCV EIA-2 blood donors, supplementary "immunoblot" test for HCV (RIBA-2) was used. In 209 donors, the presence of HCV-RNA was investigated by the PCR test. The abdominal ultrasonography was realized in 366 donors. In 269 patients liver biopsy was performed for the histopathological study. The follow-up of blood donors showed that 95.6% were repeatedly EIA-2 reagent, 94% were symptomless and denied any hepatitis history, with only 2% mentioning previous jaundice. In 47% of this population at least one risk factor has been detected for the HCV transmission, the use of intravenous drugs being the main one (27.8%). Blood transfusion was the second factor for HCV transmission (27.2%). Hepatomegaly was detected in 54% of the cases. Splenomegaly and signs of portal hypertension have seldom been found in the physical examination, indicating a low degree of hepatic compromising in HCV. Abdominal ultrasound showed alterations in 65% of the subjects, being the steatosis the most frequent (50%). In 83. 5% of the donors submitted to the liver biopsy, the histopathological exam showed the presence of chronic hepatitis, usually classified as active (89%) with mild or moderate grade in most of the cases (99.5%). The histopathological exam of the liver was normal in 1.5% of blood donors. The RIBA-2 test and the HCV-RNA investigation by PCR were positive in respectively 91.6 and 75% of the anti-HCV EIA-2 reagent donors. The HCV-RNA research was positive in 82% of the RIBA-2 positive subjects, in 37.5% of the indeterminate RIBA-2 donors and in 9% of the negative RIBA-2 donors. Chronic hepatitis has also been observed in 50% of the histopathological exams of the anti-HCV EIA-2 reagent donors which were indeterminate RIBA-2. Among 18 blood donors with minimal changes histopathological exam 11 (61%) were HCV-RNA positive. Our blood donors anti-HCV reagent generally had clinical, laboratorial and histopathological features observed in patients with chronic HCV hepatitis and a high proportion could be identified in interviews and medical evaluation realized in blood blanks. Generally, these HCV infected donors are identified and discharged only by the serological tests results.
Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C Crônica/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Hepatite C Crônica/sangue , Hepatite C Crônica/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Between 1992 and 1997, 790 blood donors with anti-HCV EIA-2 strongly reagent (relationship between the sample optical density/cut-off > 3) detected at the blood bank serological screening, were evaluated in ambulatory environment. They were all negative for Chagas disease, syphilis, hepatitis B (HBsAg) and AIDS. Blood samples were collected at the first ambulatorial evaluation, for hemogram, biochemical tests and new serological tests for HCV (anti-HCV EIA-2). In blood samples of 226 repeatedly reagent anti-HCV EIA-2 blood donors, supplementary "immunoblot" test for HCV (RIBA-2) was used. In 209 donors, the presence of HCV-RNA was investigated by the PCR test. The abdominal ultrasonography was realized in 366 donors. In 269 patients liver biopsy was performed for the histopathological study. The follow-up of blood donors showed that 95.6 percent were repeatedly EIA-2 reagent, 94 percent were symptomless and denied any hepatitis history, with only 2 percent mentioning previous jaundice. In 47 percent of this population at least one risk factor has been detected for the HCV transmission, the use of intravenous drugs being the main one (27.8 percent). Blood transfusion was the second factor for HCV transmission (27.2 percent). Hepatomegaly was detected in 54 percent of the cases. Splenomegaly and signs of portal hypertension have seldom been found in the physical examination, indicating a low degree of hepatic compromising in HCV. Abdominal ultrasound showed alterations in 65 percent of the subjects, being the steatosis the most frequent (50 percent). In 83.5 percent of the donors submitted to the liver biopsy, the histopathological exam showed the presence of chronic hepatitis, usually classified as active (89 percent) with mild or moderate grade in most of the cases (99.5 percent). The histopathological exam of the liver was normal in 1.5 percent of blood donors. The RIBA-2 test and the HCV-RNA investigation by PCR were positive in respectively 91.6 and 75 percent of the anti-HCV EIA-2 reagent donors. The HCV-RNA research was positive in 82 percent of the RIBA-2 positive subjects, in 37.5 percent of the indeterminate RIBA-2 donors and in 9 percent of the negative RIBA-2 donors. Chronic hepatitis has also been observed in 50 percent of the histopathological exams of the anti-HCV EIA-2 reagent donors which were indeterminate RIBA-2...
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doadores de Sangue , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Hepatite C/sangue , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The infection by the virus the hepatitis C (VHC) constitutes a health problem at world level. This situation has resulted in numerous researchers developing and using different means of diagnosis in order to know the actual prevalence of the virus. The main way of VHC transmission is blood and/or haemoderivates transfusion. It has been estimated that 90 per cent of post-transfusional hepatitis are VHC. This situation motivated us to make a descriptive and transversal study in order to screen VHC in a group of patients who had been transfused with blood and/or haemoderivates. The patients came from the medical doctors office N(o) 36 belonging the polyclinic "19 de April", in the city of Havana. The objective was to study the prevalence of the virus in our area and also to precise the main causes of the transfusion and the relationship between their number and the presence of anti-HVC. We found 35 patients who had been transfused (5.3 per cent) in the population (653), and from these, three patients (8.5 per cent) were anti-HVC positive. The main cause for having been transfused was anemia, being sicklemia the entity, which reported more patients with anti VHC positive. We also conclude that the probability of having an anti-HVC positive increases proportionally to the number of transfusions; these were significant differences between the groups who received a greater and a smaller number of transfusions. (Au)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Transfusão de Sangue , Área Programática de Saúde , Médicos de Família , Hepatite C/transmissão , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , PrevalênciaRESUMO
The infection by the virus the hepatitis C (VHC) constitutes a health problem at world level. This situation has resulted in numerous researchers developing and using different means of diagnosis in order to know the actual prevalence of the virus. The main way of VHC transmission is blood and/or haemoderivates transfusion. It has been estimated that 90 per cent of post-transfusional hepatitis are VHC. This situation motivated us to make a descriptive and transversal study in order to screen VHC in a group of patients who had been transfused with blood and/or haemoderivates. The patients came from the medical doctor's office N(o) 36 belonging the polyclinic "19 de April", in the city of Havana. The objective was to study the prevalence of the virus in our area and also to precise the main causes of the transfusion and the relationship between their number and the presence of anti-HVC. We found 35 patients who had been transfused (5.3 per cent) in the population (653), and from these, three patients (8.5 per cent) were anti-HVC positive. The main cause for having been transfused was anemia, being sicklemia the entity, which reported more patients with anti VHC positive. We also conclude that the probability of having an anti-HVC positive increases proportionally to the number of transfusions; these were significant differences between the groups who received a greater and a smaller number of transfusions.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transfusão de Sangue , Área Programática de Saúde , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C/transmissão , Médicos de Família , Estudos Transversais , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , PrevalênciaRESUMO
A soroprevalência de hepatite B e C foi investigada na comunidade indígena Karitiana (n = 119), que habita o Estado de Rondônia, Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira. A prevalência de anticorpos anti-HBs e anti-HBc foi respectivamenre de 16,1 por cento e 35,3 por cento, sendo detectado HBsAg em somente quatro (3,4 por cento) indivíduos. Anticorpos anti-HCV foram encontrados em dois (1,7 por cento), indivíduos. Os dados estratificados por idade sugerem que tanto as vias de transmissäo vertical como horizontal (esta entre adultos) säo importantes nesta comunidade
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B , Hepatite B/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C/imunologia , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Brasil , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Hepatite B/transmissão , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/transmissão , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
Para estabelecer la prevalencia actual de infección por HCV en pacientes hemodializados (HD) de la ciudad de La Plata y determinar su asociación con diferentes variables se estudiaron 217 pacientes con Insuficiencia Renal Crónica de una Unidad de Hemodiálisis de un Htal público y de 7 Unidades del medio asistencial privado. En la totalidad de los pacientes se investigó la presencia sérica de anti-HCV y de anti-HBc y se valoró la edad, sexo, número de transfusiones, antigüedad del tratamiento hemodialítico, uso de eritropoyetina y episodios de hepatitis. Se halló una prevalencia de anti-HCV del 18,4 por ciento significativamente superior a la de los donantes de sangre (P<0,01) y significativamente enor a la hallada en pacientes HD de la misma ciudad en 1993 (P=0,002). También se encontró que la presencia de anti-HCV se asocia con el antecedente de haber recibido transfusiones y con mayor tiempo de ento hemodialítico. Nuestro resultados parecen coincidir con los que sugieren que las aminotransferasas en pacientes HD anti HCV © son un mal marcador de lesión hepatocelular.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Falência Renal Crônica , Diálise Renal , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Hepatite C/etiologia , Prevalência , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Para estabelecer la prevalencia actual de infección por HCV en pacientes hemodializados (HD) de la ciudad de La Plata y determinar su asociación con diferentes variables se estudiaron 217 pacientes con Insuficiencia Renal Crónica de una Unidad de Hemodiálisis de un Htal público y de 7 Unidades del medio asistencial privado. En la totalidad de los pacientes se investigó la presencia sérica de anti-HCV y de anti-HBc y se valoró la edad, sexo, número de transfusiones, antig³edad del tratamiento hemodialítico, uso de eritropoyetina y episodios de hepatitis. Se halló una prevalencia de anti-HCV del 18,4 por ciento significativamente superior a la de los donantes de sangre (P<0,01) y significativamente enor a la hallada en pacientes HD de la misma ciudad en 1993 (P=0,002). También se encontró que la presencia de anti-HCV se asocia con el antecedente de haber recibido transfusiones y con mayor tiempo de ento hemodialítico. Nuestro resultados parecen coincidir con los que sugieren que las aminotransferasas en pacientes HD anti HCV son un mal marcador de lesión hepatocelular. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Diálise Renal , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Falência Renal Crônica , Hepatite C/etiologia , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Prevalência , Idoso de 80 Anos ou maisRESUMO
Hemodialized pediatric patients are a risk population for the hepatitis B and C virus infection. The aim of this paper was to study the serum prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in hemodialized children. We study 61 pediatric patients at hemodialisis, 12 on renal transplant, range between 2 and 20 years old (mean: 12.9 years), 23 male and 38 female. The specific anti-HCV IgC were measured by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA Abbott) and confirmed by LIA-TEK (Organon). The anti-HBV were measured by ELISA Abbott and transaminases by cinetic method (ASAT: 29 UI/L and ALT: 33 UI/L). The 19.7% of studied children were HCV (+) and 29.5% were HBV (+), 38.9% of them were HbsAg (+) and 50% anti-HBs (+). The HCV and HBV infection was more elevated in relation to the transfusion number and the hemodilisis time. The elevation of ALT/ASAT activity isn't a right infection index for HCV and HBV in this children.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite B/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Diálise Renal , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The recently discovered hepatitis G virus (HGV) belongs, as hepatitis C virus (HCV), to the Flaviviridae family. HGV has been isolated from the serum of patients with non A-E hepatitis. However, the association of HGV with hepatitis is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine the HGV prevalence in blood donors and in patients with liver disease and to evaluate a possible correlation between HGV infection and liver disease. STUDY DESIGN: Sera from a total of 113 consecutive patients with chronic liver disease were submitted to a series of liver enzymes and function tests and analyzed for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV, HCV RNA and HGV RNA. Prevalence of HGV RNA was determined in a group of 87 blood donors. RESULTS: Nine (10%) sera from blood donors and 15 (13%) sera from patients with chronic liver disease were HGV RNA positive. Some 28 (25%) patients were HCV RNA positive, with genotypes 1a, 1b and 3 present in 10, 12 and 5 patients, respectively. A total of 20 (18%) patients were HBsAg carriers. Five (4%) patients were double infected (one with HBV + HCV, one with HBV + HGV and three with HCV + HGV). CONCLUSION: The proportion (10%) of HGV-infected blood donors was very high when compared with other countries. The results did not allow to establish HGV as an etiologic agent for chronic liver disease. The parenteral route was the presumed means of HGV transmission for only one-third of the patients.
Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue , Flaviviridae/isolamento & purificação , Hepatopatias/virologia , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores/sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Flaviviridae/genética , Flaviviridae/imunologia , Genótipo , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite Viral Humana/sangue , Hepatite Viral Humana/epidemiologia , Humanos , Hepatopatias/sangue , Hepatopatias/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , RNA ViralRESUMO
Los pacientes Hd constituyen una población de riesgo para la infección por los virus de las hepatitis B y C. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la prevalencia de la infección por HCV y HBV en un corte de una población de niños hemodializados. Se estudiaron 61 pacientes pediátricos en hemodiálisis, 12 de los cuales eran Tx, con edades comprendidas entre 2 y 20 años (media: 12,9), 23 varones y 38 mujeres. Se determinaron los anticuerps anti-HCV IgG por enzimoinmunoensayo (EIE) (Abbott 2 generación) y como método confirmatorio se utilizó inmunoblotting de péptidos sintéticos linearizados (LIA-TEK) (Organon). La detección de los marcadores para HBV fue por EIE y el nivel de actividad de las transaminasas se determinó por método cintético. El 19,7 por ciento de los niños estudiados fueron HCV positivos y el 29,5 por ciento fueron HBV positivos, de los cuales el 38,9 por ciento fueron HBsAg positivos el 50 por ciento Anti-HBs positivos. La infección por HCV y HBV se vió incrementada en relación al número de transfusiones y al tiempo de inclusión en Hd. La elevación de nivel de actividad de las transaminasas no fue un buen índice de infección para HBV y HCV en estos pacientes.