RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Despite its homeostatic role, inflammation is involved in several pathologies, such as acute lung injury. Morita-Ballys-Hilman adducts (MBHA) are a group of synthetic molecules and present a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory action. Thus, this study aimed to assess whether ISACN, an MBHA, modulates inflammation during acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally treated with 24 mg/kg ISACN and challenged with LPS (2.5 mg/kg). On bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), we assessed the total and differential leukocyte count and measurement of protein leakage, cytokines (IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α), and chemokine (CXCL-1). Additionally, lung histopathology was also performed (H&E staining). In vitro studies were conducted with peritoneal macrophages to assess the possible mechanism of action. They were cultured in the presence of ISACN (5 and 10 µM) and stimulated by LPS (1 µg/mL). RESULTS: ISACN reduced neutrophil migration, protein leakage, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α) without interfering with the production of CXCL1. In addition, ISACN caused a decrease in LPS-induced lung injury as evident from histopathological changes. In peritoneal macrophages, ISACN diminishes the nitric oxide and cytokine levels (IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α). The treatment with ISACN (10 µM) also reduced LPS-induced TLR4, CD69, iNOS overexpression, and the LPS-induced ERK, JNK, and p38 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION: Thus, this work showed for the first time the immunomodulatory action of MBHA in LPS-induced acute lung injury and provided new evidence for the mechanisms related to the anti-inflammatory effect of ISACN.
Assuntos
Acrilonitrila , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda , Camundongos , Animais , Lipopolissacarídeos/toxicidade , Acrilonitrila/efeitos adversos , Acrilonitrila/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/induzido quimicamente , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/metabolismo , Pulmão , Citocinas/metabolismo , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Inflamação/metabolismoRESUMO
Candida guilliermondii UFMG-Y65, isolated from a gold mine, was able to utilize different nitriles and the corresponding amides as sole source of nitrogen, at concentrations up to 2 M. Resting cells cultivated on YCB-acetonitrile medium showed nitrile hydrolyzing enzyme activities against acrylonitrile and benzonitrile. These enzymes were inducible and intracellular; the optimum pH was 7.0-8.0, and the optimum temperature 25 degrees C-30 degrees C. Liquid chromatographic analysis indicated that C. guilliermondii UFMG-Y65 metabolized 12 mM benzonitrile to 11 mM benzoic acid and 10 mM acrylonitrile to 7.9 mM acrylic acid. The results suggest that C. guilliermondii UFMG-Y65 may be useful for the bioproduction of amides and acids, and for the bioremediation of environments contaminated with nitriles.